锆R60702 TIG焊焊接工艺及接头性能研究

对锆R60702的材料性能、焊接性、焊接方法进行了分析.拟定了R60702的TIG焊焊接工艺(包括选取填充金属、保护气体等),并进行了焊接试验.焊后对焊接接头进行了射线检测、力学性能测试、接头金相组织分析.结果表明,TIG焊工艺对R60702焊接是合理可行的,在生产应用中证明此工艺能够保证产品焊接质量.     

熔化极气体保护焊立焊单面焊双面成形技术

在焊工考试中要想焊出美观、质量优良的熔化极气体保护焊焊接接头,在练习过程中需要严格按照对接试件评分标准要求自己,并经过严格反复练习。文中从对接试件表面评分标准、内部质量评分标准、焊前准备、打底层施焊、填充层施焊、盖面层施焊及接头处理等方面进行了阐述。根据焊接实践,焊接之前深入了解在焊接技能等级考试中对焊接试件表面及内部评分标准要求,了解容易出现焊接缺欠的种类及位置,并提出对应的避免措施。阐述了熔化极气体保护焊单面焊双面成形过程中每一步操作要点及操作技巧,对焊接出优质、美观的焊缝具有一定的指导作用。     

钢轨气压焊闭环控制系统研究

针对钢轨气压焊自动化水平低,焊接质量波动大等问题,对气压焊的压力、气体流量等焊接过程参数的闭环控制进行了研究,在此基础上研制了钢轨气压焊自动控制系统。控制系统现场应用表明,采用该系统进行的钢轨气压焊焊接,可大大减少人为因素的影响,保证焊接参数的复现性,简化操作,稳定钢轨焊接质量。     

316L厚板埋弧焊

本文通过对316L不锈钢的焊接性进行分析及对焊材的选择,在316L厚板焊接中采用了埋弧自动焊的新工艺,保证了焊接质量。     

焊接工艺对2205双相不锈钢焊接接头综合性能的影响

采用等离子弧焊打底 TIG焊盖面及等离子弧焊打底 MIG焊盖面焊接工艺焊接了2205双相不锈钢,研究了2205双相不锈钢的焊接性,并对焊后固溶处理与未进行固溶处理的焊件组织特征、力学性能及抗腐蚀性进行了比较,研究了不同焊接热输入和固溶处理工艺对焊接接头综合性能的影响.     

焊接技术在动车组铝合金车体焊接的应用及发展趋势

通过对MIG焊、TIG焊、电阻点焊、激光焊及搅拌摩擦焊技术在轨道车辆铝合金车体焊接中的应用情况进行分析,阐述了上述各种焊接技术在轨道车辆铝合金车体焊接应用中的优缺点.总结得出:MIG焊及TIG焊技术是我国动车组铝合金车体制造目前应用的主要焊接技术,激光焊及搅拌摩擦焊技术在动车组铝合金车体焊接中的应用是未来我国动车组铝合金车体制造中的趋势.     

LGA封装器件再流焊质量控制技术

文中以LGA器件焊接质量问题为对象，针对该类器件封装的特殊性，通过对影响焊接质量的因素进行分析，从印制焊盘设计、焊盘作非阻焊层限定(NSMD)设计、印制板加工、焊膏量控制、器件贴装压力控制及再流焊温度曲线设置等方面，提出了优化及改进方案。通过试验，验证了改进措施的可行性和有效性，获得最优的焊接效果，保证LGA器件焊接质量满足标准要求。     

CO2气体保护焊操作手法总结

通过总结CO2气体保护辉焊接操作手法，介绍了平焊、横角焊、立焊等常用位置的焊接方法，对每种焊接方法采取图文并茂的形式进行介绍，容易理解，力求最大限度的帮助焊工提高焊接质量。     

动车组铝合金厚板薄板搭接MIG焊接工艺研究

在对高速动车组铝合金车体薄板进行MIG焊时容易产生焊塌、焊穿缺陷,严重影响了车体的焊接质量.文中分析了铝合金薄板厚板搭接焊缝出现焊穿、焊塌等问题的原因,通过研究发现:采用合理的焊接电流、正确的焊接方向、适当的预热温度和合适的操作方法,可以有效防止薄板与厚板搭接MIG角焊缝焊穿、焊塌等缺陷的产生,提高了产品焊接质量,降低了生产成本.     

大型球罐全位置药芯焊丝自动焊

着重分析了焊接工艺对自动焊焊接质量的影响，给出了各工艺参数在不同焊接位置合适的范围，对自动焊与手工焊的成本及效率进行了对比分析。成功地对５台１０００ｍ＾３精丙烯球罐进行了全位置自动焊。     

先进材料与异种材料电子束焊接研究进展

电子束焊接是近年来飞速进步、蓬勃发展的一种先进连接技术,随着技术工艺的日益成熟,其在工业领域的竞争力也日渐增强,已为工业部门所广泛接受.文中综述了电子束焊接在高温钛合金、高温合金、难熔金属、金属间化合物等先进材料与各类互相固溶的、难以互溶的异种材料连接方面的研究现状,对国内外在焊接缺陷控制、焊接工艺优化、焊接机理研究等方面取得的典型研究成果进行了简要介绍,并从中概括总结了先进材料与异种材料电子束焊接的具体问题,归纳阐述了先进材料与异种材料电子束焊接中所采用的能量控制与冶金调控等特色技术方法.     

珠光体钢与奥氏体钢异种钢焊接材料的选择与应用

分析了珠光体钢与奥氏体钢异种钢的焊接性,介绍了焊接材料的选用原则、材料种类、工艺及工程中的应用.结果表明：该类异种钢焊接材料的选择原则是,尽量选用接近或高于奥氏体钢的高合金成分,而不是接近珠光体钢的成分;尽量避免焊缝中马氏体组织形成,保证接头获得良好的使用性能和焊接性.可供该类异种钢选用的焊接材料种类较多,工艺方法各具特色.三个典型应用案例表明,这类异种钢焊接质量的有效控制,取决于焊接材料的合理选用及正确的工艺方法.新型、高效、自动化焊接材料是颇具推广应用前景的焊接新材料.     

Thermoelectric method for temperature measurement in friction stir welding

Abstract

Previous research within friction stir welding (FSW) has demonstrated that online control of welding parameters can improve the mechanical properties and is necessary for certain applications to guarantee a consistent weld quality. One approach to control the process is by adapting the heat input to maintain a stable welding temperature, within the specified operating boundaries. This requires accurate in-process temperature measurements. This paper presents a novel method to measure the temperature at the interface of the FSW tool and workpiece. The method is based on the thermoelectric effect between dissimilar materials. The measurements are compared to thermocouple measurements and to a physical model and show good correspondence to each other. Experiments demonstrate that the method can quickly detect temperature variations, due to geometrical variations of the workpiece or due to parameter changes. This allows use of the method for online control of robotic FSW.     

高炉上紫铜与16MnR异种金属的焊接

阐述了紫铜与16Mn R钢异种金属材料焊接在柳钢3#高炉紫铜水冷壁修复中的应用。针对紫铜与16Mn R钢异种金属材料的焊接特点,在制造车间将新紫铜冷却水箱与炉壳等厚的16Mn R钢板(δ=40 mm)焊接制成一个组合工件,在高炉施工现场由组合工件与高炉炉壳直接焊接。加工适当的焊接坡口,选择合理的焊接工艺,成功解决了紫铜与16Mn R钢异种金属材料的焊接问题,按质、按期完成紫铜冷却水箱的更换,获得甲方的一致好评。     

Interface shape and microstructure controlled dissimilar friction stir lap welded steels

Abstract

When fusion welding is conducted on the dissimilar materials between a reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steel F82H steel and an austenite stainless steel SUS 316 steel, δ ferrite is generally formed and inevitably deteriorates the weld properties. In this study, dissimilar welding of F82H to SUS 316 steel was successfully achieved by friction stir lap welding technique. It revealed that the shape and microstructure of the joint interface can be controlled by controlling the welding temperature, in another word, by changing the applied load. By controlling the welding temperature at ～710°C, a sound dissimilar joint can be obtained with a smooth joint interface and no mixed microstructure, despite the relative overlapping position of the steel plates. All the dissimilar joints showed high shear tensile strength and fracture in the base metal of F82H steel plate, which has lower strength than the SUS 316 steel plate at room temperature.     

T91小径管异质钢的焊接工艺研究

研究了T91与10CrMo910钢的异质焊接工艺，确定出预热和层间温度，选择了焊接材料，制订出相应的工艺参数和焊接、热处理工艺。通过焊接工艺试验评定表明：此焊接工艺选择适当，焊接接头的力学性能、显微组织满足要求，可以保证工程焊口质量。     

Q345/316L异种钢焊接残余应力与变形数值模拟

文中基于SYSWELD有限元分析软件对Q345/316L异种钢焊接过程的瞬态温度分布、残余应力及变形进行了数值模拟,并通过试验对其模拟结果进行了验证. 试验测量结果与数值模拟结果吻合良好,证明了利用SYSWELD模拟异种钢焊接的可靠性. 结果表明,异种钢焊接温度场呈不对称分布,Q345侧的高温区域范围更大. 不论是横向残余应力还是纵向残余应力,沿焊缝方向均呈帽状分布且在焊缝中部位置存在最大残余应力;在垂直于焊缝中央截面上,纵向残余应力与横向残余应力在焊缝和焊缝附近区域分布是不连续的,存在较大的应力梯度且应力状态也较复杂,而最大残余应力出现在Q345侧的熔合线处. 不同的热输入下模拟结果表明,在保证焊接接头质量的前提下,最好采用小热输入的焊接工艺.     

Effect of welding speed on microstructural and mechanical properties of laser lap weld joints in dissimilar Al and Cu sheets

Conventional fusion welding of aluminium and copper dissimilar materials is difficult because of poor weldability arising from the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds on the weld zone as well as different chemical, mechanical and thermal properties of welded joints. Joining of Al and Cu plates or sheets offers a metallurgical challenge due to unavoidable formation of brittle intermetallic compounds. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively suppress the formation and growth of Al–Cu intermetallic compounds. For welding of dissimilar Al and Cu sheets, no systematic work has been conducted to reduce these defects. Thus, this paper focuses on the effect of welding speed on the quality of a lap weld joint in the Al and Cu sheets with a single mode fibre laser. It was found that consequently sound strong weld joints could be produced by suppressing the formation of intermetallic compounds in the interface zone at extremely high speeds.     

Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding of Similar and Dissimilar Alloys:A Review

Refi ll friction stir spot welding, also known as friction spot welding(FSpW), is a solid-state welding process suitable for spot joining of lightweight materials. Through the eff orts of improving joint quality for similar and dissimilar materials, for example, aluminum and magnesium, this joining technology is well developed. The joining mechanism and process characteristics of FSpW have been widely studied. However, the application of FSpW in industry has not been entirely successful. In this review article, the research of similar and dissimilar material joints, such as, Al/Cu, Al/Ti, Al/Mg and Al/Steel, is summarized. The microstructural features and mechanical properties of the joints, welding tool and the application development are discussed in detail.     

State of the art about dissimilar metal friction stir welding

Friction stir welding is a rather recent welding process (patented in 1991 by Thomas et al., ‘Improvements to friction welding’ UK patent application no. 9125978.8, US Patent 5460317, 1995) that has shown great potential for welding dissimilar materials even of different metallic nature, e.g. Al to steel, Mg to steel, Al to Ti, Mg to Ti, Al to Cu, Al to Mg. This review presents the specific microstructural features and mechanical properties, in particular tensile strength, of such welds. A focus will be on the material flow and welding defects, on the intermetallic compounds, on constitutional liquation, on particularities related to dissimilar lap welding and finally on process modifications to improve dissimilar friction stir weldability.