Q235B/304L复合板焊接接头组织与性能研究

采用SMAW焊接Q235B/304L双金属复合板,利用光学显微镜和EDS分析了焊接接头显微组织及合金元素分布,并且测试了焊接接头力学性能。研究结果表明,焊缝组织主要为奥氏体和少量δ铁素体,熔合线附近生成少量板条马氏体和魏氏体组织;碳钢侧熔合线附近Cr元素未发生明显稀释,Ni元素稀释明显,同时C元素发生了少量扩散;焊接接头抗拉强度为499 MPa,焊缝和热影响区冲击吸收功分别为103 J和59 J,焊接接头各区硬度不高于HV10350,均满足技术指标和使用性能要求。     

Q235B/304复合板焊缝元素扩散分析与性能研究

采用SMAW焊接Q235B/304双金属复合板。利用光学显微镜和EDS分析焊接接头显微组织及合金元素分布,测试焊接接头力学性能。结果表明,焊缝组织主要为奥氏体和少量δ铁素体。碳钢侧熔合线附近C元素发生了少量扩散,Mo元素稀释明显,Cr元素有少量稀释,Ni元素未出现明显稀释。THNi317-THA062焊缝金属扩散层及不锈钢侧焊道未出现明显的C元素扩散和合金元素稀释。焊接接头平均抗拉强度为501 MPa,焊缝和热影响区冲击功分别为129 J和65 J,焊接接头各区硬度均低于350 HV_(10),满足技术指标和使用性能要求。     

35CrMo钢高压管线的焊接工艺

利用OK Tigrod 55焊丝,采用手工钨极氩弧焊对35CrMo高压水泥固井管线进行整管焊接试验,焊后进行了焊接接头的拉伸、弯曲、冲击等力学性能试验,测试硬度,并检验了焊缝宏观形貌,观察了焊缝微观组织。结果表明,采用拟订的焊接工艺参数和热处理方式,焊接接头力学性能良好,达到项目设计要求;熔合线及热影响区的冲击吸收功高达175~191 J,主要原因是在二区域内形成了细小、等轴的铁素体+珠光体组织;焊缝中心的冲击吸收功相对较低(96 J),主要原因是形成了柱状晶及贝氏体组织。该焊接工艺方案已成功地应用于高压水泥固井管线建造中。     

船用高强钢大线能量焊接接头组织性能研究

采用FCB大线能量焊接方法对30 mm厚EH36船用高强钢板进行焊接试验,研究了焊接接头的显微组织和力学性能。结果表明,线能量为161 kJ/cm时获得的接头成形良好,无气孔、夹杂等缺陷。焊缝组织主要为先共析铁素体与密布的针状铁素体。熔合区存在显著的组织不均匀性,粗晶区主要为片状与块状先共析铁素体,并可见少量黑色珠光体。细晶区主要为细小的白色铁素体与黑色珠光体,呈混杂分布。焊缝硬度值最高,而在热影响区出现了软化区。接头力学性能良好,接头熔合线附近冲击吸收功低于焊缝与母材的,接头抗拉强度均值为545 MPa,断口位置位于热影响区,为典型的韧性断裂。     

微观组织对2A12铝合金熔焊接头力学性能的影响

采用TIG焊对2A12铝合金薄板进行焊接,并对接头的组织及力学性能相关性进行分析.金相观察发现焊缝及熔合区内晶粒粗大且不均匀,焊缝从边缘的柱状晶向中心的等轴晶过渡,熔合线附近出现粗细晶混杂分布.采用显微硬度及拉伸试验研究了焊接接头力学性能不均匀性.结果表明,硬度最小值处于焊缝的熔合区,拉伸试样亦断裂在该区,与组织分布相...     

EH40船板钢的弯曲焊丝窄间隙MAG焊工艺研究

采用弯曲焊丝窄间隙熔化极活性气体保护焊接(MAG)法对EH40船用高强钢进行了平焊位置的焊接试验。焊接试验过程中,焊接热输入为13 k J/cm,采用了3种焊接工艺参数。检测了焊接接头的组织和力学性能。试验结果表明,焊缝质量良好,无侧壁未熔合及其他焊接缺陷。此外,焊接接头的热影响区比较窄,其组织主要为贝氏体和铁素体,平均冲击吸收能量为267J,与母材基本相同。焊接接头的强度高于母材。焊接接头的力学性能满足船级社要求。     

纯镍与304奥氏体不锈钢TIG焊接工艺及组织性能

采用TIG焊接工艺连接3 mm厚纯镍N6与1.5 mm厚304奥氏体不锈钢,通过拉伸试验机、金相显微镜、扫描电镜、显微硬度计对焊接接头进行力学性能及微观组织分析,确定不同厚度纯镍与304不锈钢板材的合理焊接工艺参数。试验结果表明,采用合理的工艺参数焊接接头抗拉强度可达636MPa,金相分析焊缝区形成铁镍合金,焊缝区与N6熔合线比较模糊,较多晶粒贯穿其中,但304不锈钢与焊缝区熔合线较为明显,晶粒生长贯穿熔合线较少,拉伸断口为韧性断裂。     

热输入对液压支架Q690钢焊接接头组织与性能的影响

研究了焊接热输入对液压支架Q690钢焊接接头组织与性能的影响,并优化了Q690钢的焊接工艺。结果表明,4种焊接工艺下Q690钢焊接接头横截面上都未出现气孔、微裂纹以及未熔合等焊接缺陷,焊缝成形性较好;焊接线能量为12.24和16.15 k J/cm时焊缝组织都为贝氏体+针状铁素体,增加焊接线能量至18.24 k J/cm时焊缝组织为针状铁素体+少量先共析铁素体,而继续增加焊接线能量至21.25 k J/cm时焊缝组织为针状铁素体+块状铁素体;随着第3道焊接线能量的提高,Q690钢焊接接头的屈服强度和抗拉强度逐渐减小,而断后伸长率逐渐升高,断裂位置都位于热影响区;强塑积和-20℃冲击功呈现先增加而后降低的趋势,在第3道焊接线能量为18.24 k J/cm时取得最大值,此时的强塑积为10.68 GPa·%、-20℃冲击功为72.1 J;焊接线能量为18.24 k J/cm时,Q690钢焊接接头具有最佳的综合力学性能。     

304/Q345R复合板焊接接头微观组织及残余应力

为研究复合板在焊接过程中复杂的热力学行为,利用ABAQUS有限元软件对304/Q345R复合板的焊接过程进行了数值模拟,通过热电偶和盲孔法获得了焊接接头的热循环曲线和残余应力分布规律,验证了有限元模型的正确性. 同时采用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对焊接接头的微观组织、晶粒形貌和元素分布进行了分析,研究焊接接头部位的微观组织演化规律. 结果表明,焊接残余应力最大值为312 MPa,位于焊趾附近,残余应力沿焊缝至母材方向逐渐降低并趋于稳定. 在两种材料的交界面处发现残余应力不连续现象. 焊接接头微观组织主要由奥氏体和铁素体组成,复层熔合线附近的铁素体以板条状和针状形成带状过渡区,而熔合线附近的奥氏体晶粒成柱状形貌且尺寸更为微小.     

WNQ570桥梁钢气体保护焊接头的力学性能研究

桥梁箱型结构打底焊缝的焊接主要采用气体保护焊,要求焊接接头必须具有优良的力学性能和时效性能。采用武钢研制的WER70N气保焊丝对两种状态的WNQ570桥梁钢进行气保焊试验。结果表明:接头具有优良的弯曲和拉伸性能;接头焊缝、熔合线及热影响区-40℃冲击功最低可达71 J,韧性-脆性转变温度都在-40℃以下,具有优良的冲击韧性和时效性能;焊缝表层与中心均未出现明显的硬化和软化现象;满足桥梁钢的焊接技术要求。接头的焊缝组织均为细小的先共析铁素体和针状铁素体,过热区组织均为贝氏体。     

Strength enhancement of autocompleting medium and high carbon steels friction welded joints

An autocompleting friction welding method, which was developed by the authors, is to weld with using a rotating insert piece set between fixed workpieces. The conditions to enhance the strength of the welded joint in an autocompleting friction welding method which involves a rotating insert between the fixed workpieces were determined. The weld faying surface of the fixed specimen had a 10 mm diameter. When MCS joint was made at an insert thickness of 4 mm through a friction pressure of 36 MPa, it did not achieve 100% joint efficiency because the weld interfaces were not completely joined. MCS joint had 100% joint efficiency and fractured on the MCS base metal although the crack was generated at the weld interface, when that was made at an inner groove diameter of 11 mm with the bottom of the grooves for the insert piece (groove bottom thickness) of 0.9 mm or more through a friction pressure of 90 MPa. To obtain a joint with no cracks, MCS joint was made with an inner groove diameter of 12 mm at a friction pressure of 90 MPa. When the groove bottom thickness was 0.75 mm, MCS joint had 100% joint efficiency and the MCS base metal fracture with no crack at the weld interface. When HCS joint was made with an inner groove diameter of 11 mm at friction pressures of 90 and 150 MPa, it did not achieve 100% joint efficiency because the weld interfaces were not joined completely. The weld interfaces of HCS joint at a friction pressure of 120 MPa were completely joined although it did not achieve 100% joint efficiency. To improve the joint efficiency, HCS joint was made with an insert thickness of 5 mm, a groove bottom thickness of 0.64 mm, and an inner groove diameter of 12 mm with a friction pressure of 120 MPa. HCS joint had 100% joint efficiency and fractured on the HCS base metal with no crack at the weld interface.     

Explosively welded copper‐stainless steel bimetal and an example of its application

Summary

Friction welding was carried out under various welding conditions using high strength 7075 aluminium alloy; an investigation into the structure and the mechanical properties of joints thus obtained leads to the following conclusions: The fibrous structure at the heat affected zone changed to align in the direction of flash expulsion and the fibrous structure at the weld zone disappeared and a non-directional fine grain structure was evident. The hardness at the weld interface had a lower value than that of the base metal and an even more softened zone than the weld interface was noted at the heat affected zone. The hardness values at the weld interface and the softened zone were seen to recover after friction welding due to natural ageing but did not recover fully. Both the values of the tensile strength and the elongation declined compared with the base metal in joints made under the conditions that gave the maximum value of tensile strength; the former was 81% and the latter was 83% that of the base metal. The joint impact value of a specimen with a notch on the weld interface was 73% that of the base metal.     

送丝位置对铝/镀锌板CMT搭接接头组织与性能的影响

采用CMT搭接方法研究不同送丝位置对6082铝合金/镀锌板搭接接头质量的影响. 使用金相显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)分析焊接接头的形貌,微观组织及元素分布;通过拉伸试验检测接头的力学性能. 结果表明,1和2位置时,焊缝成形不饱满,锌层蒸发严重,界面处形成FeAl₂,FeAl及FeAl₃的金属间化合物,承载力达到6 kN;当3,4和5位置时送丝位置指向铝板,焊缝成形饱满,界面处形成Fe_6.6Al₃Zn_0.2和Fe₂Al₃Si_0.3,厚度约为2 μm,承载力达到7.5 kN,综上所述,CMT焊接铝合金/镀锌板时送丝位置应偏向铝板,可得到综合性能更好的焊接接头.     

钛/铝双面冷弧MIG组合熔钎焊接头组织和性能

采用SAl5183焊丝对TA2钛和5A06铝合金进行了双面冷弧MIG组合焊接.对接头厚度方向不同位置的Ti/Al界面组织特性进行了分析;并对接头抗拉强度进行了测试.结果表明,试验工艺获得的接头中,钛与焊缝形成了平直的结合界面,界面处未发现剥离、裂纹等缺陷.受焊接热输入影响,形成两种不同的Ti/Al界面:接头中上部钛与焊...     

Diffusion bonding mechanism and microstructure of welded joint of aluminium matrix composite Al_2O_(3p),/6061

1INTRODUCTI0NAluminiummatrixcomp0site,thankstoitsoutstandingphysicalandmechanicalperfor-mance,hasattractedgreatattenti0nsfrommate-rialscientistsbothathomeandabroad.Especial-lytheparticlereinforcedaluminiummatrixcom-posites,c0st-effective,isotr0pical,wear-resis-tantandflexiblewithfunctionaldesign,havewideapplicationsinaerospaceandaviationstruc-turalcomponents.t.[1~6].Thestudy0nthewe1dabilityofaluminiummatrixcomp0sitesandweldingtechniqueisfarfromenough,comparedwiththeremarkableachievementson…     

高端刀具异种钢A-TIG焊焊接性

针对高端刀具焊接时必须整体预热,接头质量不稳定的问题,采用A-TIG焊接方法对高端刀具中的430不锈钢刀背和3Cr13-1Cr17-3Cr13"三明治"复合不锈钢刀刃进行焊接.研究了活性剂对焊缝熔深﹑焊缝气孔﹑接头力学性能﹑微观组织及接头抗腐蚀性能的影响,并和常规TIG焊进行了比较.结果表明,利用A-TIG可以无需预热实现430不锈钢刀背和3Cr13-1Cr17-3Cr13"三明治"不锈钢刀刃的焊接,且单面焊双面成形,焊缝中未出现气孔、裂纹,接头抗拉强度可达606 MPa;接头热影响区非常窄,焊缝晶粒得到细化;活性剂的加入未降低焊接接头的抗腐蚀性能.因此,高端刀具异种钢A-TIG焊具有良好的焊接性,接头质量高.     

焊缝的非匹配对含表面裂纹管道接头J积分的影响研究

采用有限元方法对几种匹配情况下管道接头表面裂纹的J积分值进行了计算,结果表明焊缝强度匹配以及应变硬化参数匹配的影响随载荷加大而加大,但应变参数匹配影响比强度匹配影响小。对强度匹配对J积分值的影响进行了详细讨论,其结果表明对于高匹配接头来说,J焊缝金属相似文献   

附加超声对6061-T6铝合金/Q235钢搅拌摩擦焊搭接工艺优化

采用超声振动强化搅拌摩擦焊接工艺实现了6061-T6铝合金和Q235钢异种金属的有效连接,考察了超声能量对焊缝成形、接头组织、力学性能以及焊接载荷的影响.结果表明,施加超声能量可以显著改善焊缝表面成形,增加铝/钢界面区和焊核区的宽度.超声振动细化了焊核区和热力影响区的晶粒组织,改变了搭接接头的断裂机制和断裂位置,提高了...     

铸造Ti-Al-Mo-Zr钛合金电子束焊接接头组织与性能

选用电子束焊接方式对14 mm厚铸态Ti-Al-Mo-Zr钛合金进行焊接,在合适的工艺参数下获得成形良好、无内部缺陷的焊接接头。室温下测试与分析焊接接头的显微组织、显微硬度和力学性能,结果显示焊缝处主要由β相基体和粗大的针状α相组成,热影响区处受焊接热循环作用部分转变为网状片层组织。焊缝处硬度略高于母材处,接头整体硬度分布均匀,无明显弱化区域;接头焊缝处抗拉强度优于母材,焊缝处冲击值AKV达到75 J/cm~2,热影响区冲击值为73 J/cm~2,Ti-Al-Mo-Zr钛合金电子束焊接接头冲击韧性良好。     

Effect of welding energy on interface zone of Al–Cu ultrasonic welded joint

Abstract

Ultrasonic welding is attracting increasing attentions in joining of dissimilar materials. The effect of welding energy on joint strength, failure behaviour and microstructure of Al–Cu ultrasonic welded joint has been experimentally investigated. The results showed that joint strength increased with welding energy initially and reached its maximum at 1000 J, then dropped significantly instead. Meanwhile, the failure mode changed from interfacial debonding to nugget pullout, and then back to cleavage failure. Various microstructures with different morphologies and properties were also observed at the interfacial region. At lower energy, the joint was only partly bonded by numbers of dispersed microbonds. A swirl-like structure appeared at the weld interface and led to a mechanical interlocking between the materials at higher energies (～1000 J). However, cavity defects and intermetallic compound (IMC) were more likely to form under excessively high energies. A 0·5 μm thick IMC layer with dominant phase of Al₄Cu₉ was found in 2000 J joint.