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以L形异型材聚合物气辅挤出为例,建立了气辅挤出成型过程的理论模型,运用Polyflow软件对挤出成型过程进行了计算机数值模拟研究。结果表明,采用气辅挤出成型通过在口模内壁形成气垫膜层,使熔体在口模内的挤出过程由非滑移黏着剪切挤出转化为完全滑移非黏着剪切挤出,极大降低了口模壁面对挤出熔体的摩擦阻力,熔体的挤出速度趋于一致,剪切速率降低为零,可有效减小挤出胀大现象,应力得到松弛,从而达到简化口模设计,提高挤出制品质量,实现高速精密挤出成型的目的。 相似文献
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应用Polyflow软件对粘弹性聚合物熔体在气辅挤出口模内的流动进行了研究,得到了挤出物直径的挤出胀大比方程。模拟结果表明,熔体在滑移段的平均停留时间与材料松弛时间之比同挤出胀大比之间存在指数衰减关系。通过HDPE的气辅挤出成型实验,发现不同螺杆转速及挤出温度下挤出物直径的实验值与计算值达到很好的吻合,该计算方法可用于指导气辅口模设计。 相似文献
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深入讨论了聚合物熔体在不同长径比、不同角度圆锥口模的挤出胀大现象及机理。对口模长径比较小的挤出胀大,由于熔体入口拉伸弹性变形来不及松弛,产生较大的挤出胀大;对长径比较大的口模,熔体在平直流道内停留时间较长,入口弹性形变逐渐松弛,这时主要是流动剪切应变引起的弹性变形,产生较弱的挤出胀大,比长径比小的挤出胀大来得小,并且聚合物熔体的挤出胀大随着长径比的增大而趋向一恒定值。结果还表明:聚合物熔体在圆锥口模的挤出胀大受到挤出口模入口角影响。当L/D较小时,挤出胀大与口模入口角有关;当L/D较大时,口模入口角对挤出胀大影响较小。 相似文献
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使用Brabender PLD 651 挤塑仪配不同长径比、不同材质的毛细管流变口模,测定了几种LLDPE在一定温度下的挤出物胀大和熔体破裂的临界剪切应力,同时用Instron 3211毛细管流变仪做了对比实验。结果表明,毛细管口模的长径比达到一定值后,挤出物胀大随剪切速率的变化关系与长径比无关。这一长径比值又随毛细管口模材质而有所不同。对于一定长径比的毛细管流变口模,熔体破裂的临界剪切应力与挤出温度、口模材质无关。通过实验可知,采用提高口模温度、增加口模长径比或改变口模材质均能推迟熔体破裂现象的发生,从而提高了挤出加工的生产量。 相似文献
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基于Bird-Carreau黏度模型,运用有限元方法对三维等温微管挤出成型流动模型进行了数值分析,主要研究了管壁厚度对微管挤出成型过程中挤出胀大、速度分布、剪切速率和口模压降等重要指标的影响。结果表明,当熔体入口体积流率相等时,随着管壁厚度的增大,挤出物挤出胀大率和横截面尺寸变化量增大;口模出口端面上熔体的二次流动增强,但挤出速度和剪切速率减小;熔体在口模内的压力降明显下降;适当增加管壁厚度,有利于提高微管挤出质量。 相似文献
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在壁面滑移的边界条件下,利用聚合物流体计算软件包POLYFLOW对两种熔体的二维等温共挤出进行了数值模拟.在两侧壁面滑移系数相同和两侧壁面滑移系数不同这两种情形下分别计算了共挤出流动的速度场、压力场、黏度场及剪切速率场,讨论了壁面滑移对共挤出流场、界面形状和挤出胀大的影响.模拟结果表明:当两侧壁面滑移情况相同时,滑移系数越大,界面偏移越大,熔体胀大率增大;当两侧壁面滑移情况不同时,滑移系数相差越大,界面偏移越大,滑移系数小的一侧熔体挤出胀大显著. 相似文献
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以超高分子量聚乙烯的圆形轴对称气辅口模挤出为研究对象,在采用Polyflow软件对气辅口模挤出时的等温流动进行数值模拟之后,就入口流率、松弛时间以及零剪切黏度等物性和工艺参数对挤出胀大、速度分布、口模压降和熔体外表面上剪切速率的影响进行了数值模拟和分析。分析表明:气辅挤出是克服超高分子量聚乙烯传统挤出时面临一系列困难的有效加工方式。 相似文献
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Christian Bischoff Edith Schrder Egon Gründemann 《Advanced Synthesis \u0026amp; Catalysis》1982,324(4):519-525
The Nitrile Carboxamide Rearrangement By reaction of cyclohexanone-2-carboxamide ( 4 ) with cyan amide 1-cyano-cyclohex-1-en-2-yl-urea ( 6 ) is formed via nitrile carboxamide rearrangement. Whilst compound 6 with 1,2-diaminobenzene hydrochloride forms 11-amino-1 H-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepin hydrochloride ( 8 and 8a ), compound 6 and 1,2-diaminobenzene form hexahydro-benzimidazo[1,2-c]-quinazolin-6-one ( 12 ). Compound 8 with sodium hydroxide yields 11-amino-1 H-2,3,4,11a-tetrahydrodibenzo[b,e]-[1,4]diazepin ( 9 ). Compound 6 reacts with cyclohexylamine to form N-(1-cyanocyclohex-1-en-2-yl)-N′-cyclohexyl urea ( 10 ). Compound 10 with 1,4- or 1,2-diaminobenzene hydrochloride yields compound 7 and 8 . In alkaline solution 10 cyclises to 4-amino-3-cyclohexyl-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinazolin-2-one ( 11 ). Compound 4 and malonitrile form either 3-amino-4-cyano-1,2,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-isoquinol-1-one ( 13 ) or 1-amino-4-cyano-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-isoquinol-3-one ( 14 ). Compound 13 and alkaline formaldehyde react to cyanooctahydroisoquinoline-[2,3-c] [1,3,5]oxdiazin-6-one ( 17 ). 2-Cyanoethyl-cyclohexan-one-2-carboxamide ( 22 ), prepared by Michael-reaction from 4 and acrylonitrile, forms via nitrile carboxamide rearrangement 10-cyano-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,10-octahydroquinolin-2-one ( 24 ) and 2-(1′-cyano-cyclohexyl-2′-one)-propionic acid ( 25 ). Nucleophilic attack of the NH2-group at the cyanogroup of compound 22 forms 5-(spirocyclohexan-2′-one)-hexahydropyridin-2,6-dione ( 27 ). 相似文献
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V. V. Korak 《Advanced Synthesis \u0026amp; Catalysis》1971,313(3):422-446
The non-equilibrium polycondensation is one of the processes developed in the efforts taken to discover new routes of syntheses in polymer chemistry. It applies to various routes of synthesis, such as polyrecombination, oxidative dehydropolycondensation, polycyclisation, polycondensation of dicarboxylic acids with diamines or bis-phenols and others. The characteristic features of the non-equilibrium polycondensation consist in the absence of reversible equilibrium reactions, high values of the equilibrium constants leading practically to the irreversibility of the process and, in contrast to equilibrium polycondensation, the possibility to prepare copolymers exclusively from monomers. In addition, it offers the essential advantages residing in the wider molecular weight distribution than that of polymers obtained by equilibrium polycondensation. The paper describes experimental results demonstrating the advantages of the non-equilibrium polycondensation. Various examples are presented that prove the non-equilibrium polycondensation a promising process for the synthesis of commercially valuable polymers. 相似文献
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传统的大型单动拉延模一般由凹模、凸模、压边圈及下模座四大件组成。改进后的大型单动拉延模仅由凹模、凸模及压边圈三大件组成,省去了下模座。这种改进,用于大型单动拉延模设计,可以带来可观的经济效益。 相似文献
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H. Seiler 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》1969,71(11):985-991
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The Third Wave – Biotechnology Conquers the Chemical Industry Biotechnology is not longer limited to pharmaceutical industry and agriculture. Also the chemical industry can benefit from biotechnological production processes. Without an optimal environment in terms of acceptance and legislation, the potential of biotechnology, however, will not be used to its full extent. If Germany will not be able to provide such conditions competitors in other areas of the world will be more successful. 相似文献