碳纳米管/聚苯胺复合材料分散性和界面特点

利用原位复合工艺，在碳纳米管与聚苯胺复合过程中进行苯胺的原位聚合获得了碳纳米管／聚苯胺复合材料。利用透射电子显微镜对复合材料中的碳纳米管的分散性、碳纳米管／聚苯胺界面进行了分析、检测。结果表明苯胺能够很好的在碳纳米管上形核长大，并且能够完全包覆和缠绕在碳纳米管上。这种工艺有利于碳纳米管很好的分散在聚苯胺基体中。     

碳纳米管/磺化聚苯胺复合材料的制备

采用原位聚合法制备了碳纳米管/聚苯胺复合材料,然后通过氯磺化及水解处理得到碳纳米管/磺化聚苯胺复合材料,产物在水中具有较好的分散稳定性,为两者的应用开辟了新领域.采用红外光谱(FT-IR),扫描电镜(SEM)对产物进行分析,结果表明,碳纳米管和苯胺质量比为4:1时,聚苯胺在碳纳米管表面的包覆效果最好.碳纳米管与聚苯胺及...     

聚苯胺接枝多壁碳纳米管的制备及热电性能

通过原位聚合,将聚苯胺接枝到多壁碳纳米管的表面,制备了聚苯胺/碳纳米管纳米纤维。聚苯胺均匀地包覆在碳纳米管表面,当苯胺与碳纳米管投料比为1∶1时,包覆层厚度约为15 nm。聚苯胺/多壁碳纳米管的电导率和塞贝克系数随温度升高而增大,且增大碳纳米管含量同时提高了复合材料的电导率和塞贝克系数,改善了功率因子。     

CTAB存在下磺基水杨酸掺杂聚苯胺/碳纳米管复合材料的制备与表征

选择十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)对碳纳米管进行表面处理,提高了碳纳米管在苯胺溶液中的分散性。在苯胺的盐酸溶液中,以过硫酸铵为氧化剂,磺基水杨酸为掺杂剂,采用化学氧化法制备了聚苯胺/碳纳米管复合材料。用四探针测试仪对产物的电导率进行了测试,结果表明,复合材料的电导率随碳纳米管加入量的增加而增大,当n(碳纳米管)/n(苯胺)=2时,复合材料的电导率为4.613S/cm,是纯苯胺电导率的2.44倍。用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)对产物的微观形貌进行了表征,结果表明,聚苯胺包覆在碳纳米管的表面,包覆层的厚度为60～90nm。用紫外光谱(UV-vis)和傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)对产物的结构进行了表征,结果表明,聚苯胺与碳纳米管之间存在较强的相互作用。     

CNT/导电聚苯胺复合材料的研究进展

综述了近年来通过原位聚合法和化学共价法制备碳纳米管/导电聚苯胺复合材料的一些最新研究进展;并且重点分析了碳纳米管、聚苯胺之间的相互作用;及其对碳纳米管的电化学氧化还原性的稳定效应。     

纤维状双壁碳纳米管／聚苯胺复合材料的表面及孔结构

通过原位化学聚合过程制备了双壁碳纳米管／聚苯胺（double—walled carbon naontube／polyaniline,DwNT／PAn）复合材料。复合材料呈一维纤维状结构,聚苯胺被均匀包覆在碳管外部。根据低温氮吸附实验结果,复合材料的吸附等温线与双壁碳纳米管相似,仍为多步吸附过程,但由于聚苯胺包覆在碳纳米管外部和端口,导致其表面所含的微孔消失,小中孔含量明显降低。     

聚苯胺／聚乙烯醇复合材料结构分析

复合技术是一种有效提高聚苯胺综合性能的方法.采用原位聚合法制备了溶解性较好的聚苯胺/聚乙烯醇复合材料.通过扫描电镜分析重点研究了聚苯胺/聚乙烯醇复合材料的结构.结果表明:聚苯胺能够在聚乙烯醇基体上均匀的聚合,且结构致密.     

碳纳米管/聚苯胺复合材料的原位合成及其形成机理

用竖式炉流动法,以二茂铁为催化剂,硫为助催化剂,苯为碳源通过催化裂解反应在1100～1200℃制备了直线形多壁碳纳米管,碳纳米管外径为20～50nm,内径10～30nm,长度50～1000μm。在碳纳米管表面原位合成了聚苯胺,制备出碳纳米管/聚苯胺一维纳米复合材料,复合材料的直径为50～60nm。X射线衍射及热重分析表明,原位合成的聚苯胺的结晶程度和热稳定性较高,聚苯胺在碳纳米管表面以枝晶状生长,探讨了聚苯胺在碳纳米管表面的形成机理。     

聚苯胺/SnO2复合材料的制备及其光催化应用

用光化学合成SnO<,2>为主要原料,在酸性苯胺溶液中,通过苯胺在SnO<,2>粒子表面原位聚合,制备了聚苯胺/SnO<,2>复合材料.用XRD、SEM和紫外-可见漫反射(UV-Vis)等对复合材料进行了表征.以甲基橙为目标污染物,考察了聚苯胺/SnO<,2>复合材料光催化障解污染物的性能.结果表明,含适量聚苯胺(PA...     

聚苯胺/聚丙烯腈导电复合材料的研究

以过硫酸铵为氧化剂 ,研究了苯胺在聚丙烯腈纤维表面的原位聚合反应制备聚苯胺 /聚丙烯腈导电复合材料的条件。确定了最佳工艺条件 :氧化剂的用量 0 2mol/L、苯胺的浓度 0 1～ 0 3mol/L ,掺杂酸以对甲苯磺酸为最好。聚苯胺 /聚丙烯腈导电复合材料的质量比电阻在 10 4～ 10 5Ω·g/cm2 范围 ,聚苯胺树脂在聚丙烯腈纤维表面呈颗粒分布 ;与聚丙烯腈原纤维材料相比 ,复合材料的断裂强度略有降低 ,而断裂伸长率基本不变     

Multi-walled carbon nanotube/Co composite field emitters fabricated by in situ spray coating

Multi-walled carbon nanotube(MWCNT)/Co composite powders, in which MWCNTs are homogeneously implanted in Co nanoparticles, were fabricated by polyol method. Homogeneous field emitters were fabricated by in situ spray coating of MWCNT/Co composite powders without using polymer binder and followed by sintering MWCNT/Co composite powders to form powder-powder bonding and powder-substrate bonding. Field emission properties of MWCNT/Co composite field emitters made by in situ spray coating were enhanced compared to those of MWCNT/Co composite field emitters made by screen printing due to self-activation of MWCNTs and minimization of contamination and structural defects of MWCNTs.     

Field emission properties of Cu/multiwalled carbon nanotube composite films fabricated by an electrodeposition technique

Composite films of Cu and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were fabricated by an electrodeposition technique, and their field emission properties were examined. Commercially available MWCNTs with various diameters (60–150 nm) were used. The microstructure of the composite films was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and the field emission properties were measured using a diode-type system. Cu/MWCNT composite films with homogeneous dispersion of MWCNTs were fabricated using each type of MWCNT. Bare MWCNTs were present on the surface of the composite films and the ends of the protruding tips were fixed by the deposited copper matrix. The composite films produced clear emission currents and the corresponding Fowler–Nordheim (F–N) plots showed that these were field emission currents. The turn-on electric field tended to decrease with decreasing MWCNT diameter. A light-emitting device incorporating the Cu/MWCNT composite film as a field emitter was fabricated, and its light-emitting properties were investigated. Light emission with a brightness of around 100 cd m^?2 was observed for approximately 100 h.     

Synthesize of polyaniline–multi walled carbon nanotubes composite on the glass and silicon substrates and methane gas sensing behavior of them at room temperature

In this study, fabrication of methane gas sensor using composites of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and polyaniline (PANI) on glass and silicon substrates is reported. In this respect, 8 wt% of purified MWCNT by acid washing procedure, was combined with PANI by solution mixing method. The MWCNT–PANI composite was deposited on the surface of glass and Si substrates using spin coating technique. The methane gas sensing of composite films were evaluated by measuring the change of electrical resistance in the presence of methane gas at room temperature. It is observed that the MWCNT–PANI film on the Si substrate shows a higher sensitivity to methane gas in comparison to pure PANI on the glass substrate. The characterization of samples has also been investigated by Fourier transform infrared, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy analyses.     

MWCNT/Fe-Co/PANI复合材料的制备及其电催化性能

以多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)为载体,通过化学悬浮聚合法制备碳纳米管/铁-钴/聚苯胺(MWCNT/Fe-Co/PANI)三重复合材料,并用作染料敏化太阳能电池对电极.通过场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)和X-射线衍射法(XRD)等对所制MWCNT/Fe -Co/PANI复合材料进行表征,结果表明:MWCNT/Fe-Co/PANI复合材料呈微观多乳网状结构,Fe-Co纳米合金颗粒负载于MWCNTs上,PANI对MWCNT/Fe-Co又进行了管外键联及包覆.通过三电极系统测试了MWCNT/Fe-Co/PANI复合电极在I-3/I-电解质中的循环伏安曲线,结果显示:复合电极具有很好的电催化效果.MWCNTs与PANI形成的规则结构可促进对电解质的吸附,而Fe-Co纳米合金则增强了电极的催化效应.     

Characteristics of nylon 6,6/nylon 6,6 grafted multi-walled carbon nanotube composites fabricated by reactive extrusion

Nylon 6,6 composites containing nylon 6,6 grafted multi-walled carbon nanotubes (nylon 6,6-g-MWCNT) were fabricated from nylon 6,6 and acyl chloride grafted MWCNT (MWCNT–COCl) by reactive extrusion. MWCNT–COCl was produced by reacting acid-treated MWCNTs with thionyl chloride. Formation of nylon 6,6-g-MWCNT by reactive extrusion was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. To quantify the interfacial adhesion energies of nylon 6,6 and pristine and functionalized MWCNTs, the contact angles of cylindrical drop-on-fiber systems were determined using the generalized droplet shape analysis. The interfacial adhesion energy of the nylon 6,6/nylon 6,6-g-MWCNT composite was twice that of the nylon 6,6/pristine MWCNT composite. Nylon 6,6-g-MWCNTs exhibited excellent dispersion in the composite, whereas pristine MWCNTs exhibited poor dispersion when composite films were prepared by solvent casting. The reinforcement level of the composite increased with increasing MWCNT content. Among the composites examined, the nylon 6,6/nylon-g-MWCNT composite with a fixed MWCNT content exhibited the highest level of reinforcement.     

Fabrication of Tiron‐doped polypyrrole/MWCNT composite electrodes with high mass loading and enhanced performance for supercapacitors

In this study, the aromatic sulfonate compound Tiron with high charge to mass ratio is used as an anionic dopant for synthesis of polypyrrole (PPy). The fabricated PPy is investigated for electrochemical supercapacitor (ES) application. Testing results show that Tiron allows reduced PPy agglomeration, smaller particle size and improved charge storage properties of PPy. High capacitance and improved capacitive retention at high scan rates are achieved by the fabrication of PPy/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite electrode using safranin (SAF) as a co‐dispersant. The Tiron‐doped PPy electrode shows the highest capacitance of 7.8 F cm^?2 with a mass of 27 mg cm^?2. The Tiron‐doped PPy/MWCNT composite electrode shows good capacitance retention with a capacitance of 1.0 F cm^?2 at the scan rate of 100 mV s^?1. Symmetric supercapacitor cells are fabricated using PPy based active materials. An energy density of 0.36 mWh cm^?2 is achieved. The energy/power density and capacitance retention of the Tiron‐doped PPy/MWCNT ES is significantly improved in comparison with PPy‐based ES, prepared without Tiron or MWCNT. The Tiron‐doped PPy/MWCNT symmetric supercapacitor presents good cycling performance with 91.4% capacitance retention after 1000 charge–discharge cycles. The PPy/MWCNT composites, prepared using Tiron and SAF co‐dispersant, are promising electrodes for ES. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42376.     

A Novel Membraneless Direct Hydrazine/Air Fuel Cell

In this paper multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) supported binary AgNi nanoparticles are prepared by chemical reduction of Ag and Ni precursors with NaBH₄. Fe/PANI catalyst is obtained by direct pyrolysis of Fe‐doped polyaniline in N₂ atmosphere at high temperature. Results show that the Fe/PANI catalyst presents high electroactivity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline media. The onset potential for ORR is 0.01 V(vs Hg/HgO) and the ORR current density is 3.4 mA cm⁻²@2000rpm at –0.4 V(vs HgO/Hg). A gas diffusion electrode is fabricated by using the Fe/PANI as the electrocatalyst of ORR. In alkaline media the AgNi/MWCNT catalyst displays efficient electroactivity for hydrazine oxidation. A lower onset potential of –0.5 V(vs Hg/HgO) and high current density for hydrazine oxidation are observed. A novel membrane‐less direct hydrazine/air fuel cell is designed by using the AgNi/MWCNT catalyst as the anode and the gas diffusion electrode as the cathode. The as‐fabricated fuel cell works properly and presents higher power density and current density.     

Multi-walled carbon nanotube/polyimide composite film fabricated through electrophoretic deposition

Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/polyimide composite films were fabricated through electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of MWCNT-polyamic acid colloidal suspension which was derived from carboxylated-MWCNTs and poly(pyromellitic dianhydride-co-4,4′-oxydianiline) (PMDA-ODA). Under electric field, both negatively charged MWCNTs and PMDA-ODA colloid particles migrate onto a positively charged anode simultaneously, and are converted to a coherent MWCNT/polyimide composite film in the ensuing imidization reaction. Uniform dispersion of MWCNTs in the composite film was observed using transmission electron microscopy. The thickness of the prepared composite film can be tuned by varying processing conditions such as deposition time and anode conductivity. The electrical conductivity of the composite film increased with increasing the concentration of MWCNTs in EPD suspension. The mechanical reinforcement of polyimide using MWCNTs was evaluated by tensile testing and nanoindentation testing.     

Hybrid modification of high‐density polyethylene with hyperbranched polyethylene‐functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes and few‐layered graphene

Herein, a facile method has been reported to efficiently prepare debundled multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and few‐layered graphene using a hyperbranched polyethylene (HBPE), and as hybrid fillers, their modification effects on high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) are well demonstrated. Stable dispersions of debundled MWCNT and graphene in chloroform were respectively obtained by sonication using the HBPE as stabilizer, and MWCNT/graphene/HDPE ternary nanocomposites were then fabricated by solution‐assisted premixing and subsequent melt mixing, at a fixed mass ratio of MWCNT/graphene of 3:1 and serially changed filler loadings. It is found that the MWCNT and graphene have good dispersibility in the composites, and as hybrid fillers, they can effectively form composite net‐like structure, which makes them show better modification effects on both the electrically and thermally conductive properties of HDPE, as compared to the single MWCNT. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 44848.     

Plasma-modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes with polyaniline for glucose biosensor applications

Multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) was modified through plasma polymerization of aniline by applying different radio frequency (radio frequency (RF): 13.56?MHz) powers. The modified MWCNTs were investigated in terms of morphology, chemical structure, and thermal behaviors, indicating the formation of composites based on the surface modification of MWCNT with polyaniline (PANI). These composites were then used in amperometric glucose biosensor, which was constructed by immobilizing glucose oxidase on premodified Pt electrode with PANI/MWCNT composites. The biosensor based on the composite obtained under RF power of 60?W exhibited the high sensitivity of 54.91?µA mM^?1 cm^?2 to glucose.