一种参数自适应的孤岛检测方法

随着分布式发电的迅速发展,越来越多的可再生能源被转化为电能通过并网逆变器输送到电网。并网逆变器要求具备孤岛检测功能,主动式孤岛检测技术以其优越性越来越多地被应用于孤岛检测中,文中选取了最常用的主动频率偏移法(AFD)及改进的主动频率偏移法(AFDPF),分析了并网逆变器侧移频孤岛检测技术与负载组合之间的关系,系统地归纳了失败的原因,盲区的分布,影响盲区分布的算法参数之间的关系,通过MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真软件验证了盲区分布与算法参数之间的关系,提出了算法参数对负载品质因数自适应调节的方法。仿真实验验证了此方法在缩小检测盲区与降低电流畸变的有效性。     

一种参数自适应的孤岛检测方法

随着分布式发电的迅速发展,越来越多的可再生能源被转化为电能通过并网逆变器输送到电网。并网逆变器要求具备孤岛检测功能,主动式孤岛检测技术以其优越性越来越多的被应用于孤岛检测中,本文选取了最常用的主动频率偏移法（AFD）及改进的主动频率偏移法（AFDPF）,分析了并网逆变器侧移频孤岛检测技术与负载组合之间的关系,系统地归纳了失败的原因,盲区的分布,影响盲区分布的算法参数之间的关系,通过MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真软件验证了盲区分布与算法参数之间的关系,提出了算法参数对负载品质因数自适应调节的方法,仿真实验验证了此方法在缩小检测盲区与降低电流畸变的有效性。     

基于锁相环的改进型滑膜频率偏移孤岛检测法北大核心

针对孤岛检测中传统滑膜频率偏移法存在检测失败和检测速度慢的现象,提出了一种基于锁相环的改进型滑膜频率偏移孤岛检测算法。算法在传统滑膜频率偏移法的基础上通过优化其算法偏移角减小检测盲区。同时利用改进型锁相环提供更准确的电网电压信息缩短检测时间。利用Matlab搭建单逆变器和多逆变器孤岛检测模型,仿真结果表明,相较于传统滑膜频率偏移法。基于锁相环的改进型滑膜频率偏移法能有效地减小检测盲区,加快检测速度,并在多逆变器并网系统中有更好的检测性能。     

一种改良的主动频率偏移孤岛检测方法

分布式发电系统中的孤岛检测问题是目前研究的难点,特别是传统主动频率偏移法在逆变器输出功率与负载功率平衡或者不平衡程度较小时,较难检测出孤岛并且输出电流存在较大的谐波含量。针对这个问题,在光伏并网发电系统中提出了一种改良的主动频率偏移孤岛检测方法。该方法把主动频率偏移与卡尔曼滤波的谐波估计相结合组成判断是否发生孤岛的依据。在Matlab/Simulink下进行系统仿真,验证了该方法有效地减少了传统主动频率偏移法存在的检测盲区,也明显地降低了逆变器输出电流的谐波含量。     

主动移频法在多机并联时防孤岛保护失效机理分析

因为分布式发电系统的非计划孤岛会严重影响检修安全、损害电网设备等,因此,并网逆变器要求具备孤岛检测功能。主动移频（ AFD）式孤岛检测法是常用的检测孤岛的方法,但是很多单机性能优异的主动移频防孤岛方法在多逆变器并联运行时孤岛检测性能变差甚至失效。采用相位原理和基于负载品质因数与谐振频率坐标系的盲区空间理论,分析多逆变器并联运行防孤岛保护失效机理,并通过仿真和实验验证理论分析的正确性,为多逆变器的孤岛检测设计和多机联合运行提供理论指导。     

一种新的参数自适应主动移频孤岛检测方法

在分布式发电系统中,孤岛检测方案是必不可少的部分。但是当逆变器输出负载发生有功无功匹配时,准确及时地检测孤岛将变得十分困难。一些基于频率或相位偏移的孤岛检测方案在这种时候将失去效用。提出一种参数自适应的主动频移孤岛检测方法。在该方法中,受控制的逆变器输出电流频率将随着公共连接点(PCC)的电压频率变化而自适应的改变其频率,依据正反馈信号进行调节打破逆变器输出与负载之间的相位和功率匹配,从而实现快速的孤岛检测。干扰信号被周期性的注入逆变器输出电流中,通过两种频率范围内的不同算法来避免孤岛检测误动作,并尽量减少干扰信号对电网的影响。最后,通过Matlab/Simulink平台对该方法进行的仿真验证,仿真结果证明,该方法可以针对多种不同的负载情况实现快速准确的孤岛检测,达到了预计的目标。     

分布式发电并网系统孤岛检测方法研究

孤岛问题是威胁分布式发电系统并网安全运行的一个关键问题,因而系统必需具备及时检测出孤岛的功能。通过分析常用的自动相位偏移孤岛检测方法,针对DSP应用环境下检测时间较长,对系统电能质量影响较大等问题,提出一种基于改进自动移相法的快速孤岛检测方法。该方法根据孤岛发生后电流相位角与公共点频率之间的关系,调节扰动相位的正反馈,从而快速检测出孤岛,在一定负载条件下不存在检测盲区。仿真结果表明了改进算法的有效性与快速性,具有一定的工程应用价值。     

基于相位偏移的主动移频式孤岛检测方法

针对传统过压/欠压、过频/欠频、相位突变、主动频率偏移孤岛检测方法的不足,提出了一种改进方法.将相位偏移量作为辅助量加入主动移频孤岛检测方法中,使检测容性负载的孤岛现象具有与感性负载同样的快速性,并能有效降低主动频率偏移法对电网电能的影响.该方法实现简单,检测快速,仿真结果验证了其快速性和有效性.     

基于改进电压/频率正反馈的孤岛检测方法研究

孤岛检测是分布式发电系统并网运行时的一个重要问题。在电压相位突变检测方法、电压-有功正反馈检测方法和基于无功-频率下垂特性的正反馈无功扰动检测方法的基础上,结合三者的优势,提出了一种基于改进电压/频率正反馈的孤岛检测方法。该方法克服了采用单一电压相位突变检测方法在负载近似呈阻性和功率相匹配时失效的问题,不存在检测盲区,对系统电能质量影响较小,并通过Matlab软件仿真验证了该方法的正确性。     

基于自适应加速移频的PV孤岛检测与仿真

针对并网光伏(PV)系统的孤岛检测问题,提出一种复合负脉冲电流幅值干扰的自适应加速移频法;基于公共耦合点电压频率朝某个方向的持续变化次数,该方法对频率偏移正反馈系数进行自适应分段调节以加速频率偏移越限,如果变化次数超过12次,且频率仍未越限,则施加持续2个工频周期的负脉冲电流幅值干扰,触发欠压保护,从而检测出孤岛;Matlab仿真表明,与传统的AFD方法相比,该方法不仅对电网谐波影响小,而且孤岛检测盲区小,能有效在高速自动重合闸动作之前使光伏系统与电网解列,具有重要的应用价值。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.