TiC/Ti3SiC2复合材料的制备及其性能研究

以粉末Ti,Si,TiC和炭黑为原料,采用反应热压烧结法制备TiC/Ti3SiC2复合材料。借助XRD和SEM研究TiC含量对TiC/Ti3SiC2复合材料相组成、显微结构及力学特性的影响。结果表明:通过热压烧结可以得到致密度较高的TiC/Ti3SiC2复合材料;引入TiC可以促进Ti3SiC2的生成,当引入TiC的质量分数达30%,TiC/Ti3SiC2复合材料的弯曲强度和断裂韧性分别为406.9 MPa,3.7 MPa.m1/2;复合材料中Ti3SiC2相以穿晶断裂为主,TiC晶粒易产生拔出。     

自蔓延高温合成Ti3AlC2材料及其摩擦磨损性能

以TiC,Ti,Al,C粉末为反应物原料,采用自蔓延高温反应按照质量分数为15% TiC,50% Ti,28% Al,7% C的配比合成了纯度为96.76%、气孔率为9.45%的高纯Ti3AlC2块体材料。研究添加TiC对合成产物Ti3AlC2材料纯度的影响,并对其摩擦磨损性能进行分析。结果表明：当添加TiC的质量分数小于15%,Ti3AlC2含量随TiC含量的增加而增加;当添加TiC质量分数大于15%,Ti3AlC2含量随TiC含量的增加而降低。当载荷较小,Ti3AlC2材料以磨粒磨损为主;而载荷较大,其以磨粒磨损为主并伴随有轻微黏着磨损。     

电流密度对Ni-TiN镀层微观组织及性能的影响

在45钢表面脉冲电沉积Ni-TiN镀层。利用原子吸收分光光度计(AAS)、扫描电镜(SEM)和显微硬度计研究电流密度对Ni-TiN镀层TiN粒子含量、微观组织及显微硬度的影响。结果表明:随着电流密度的增加,镀层中TiN粒子的含量先增大后减少;当电流密度为7 A/dm2,TiN粒子含量达到最大值,为9.89%;电流密度为5~7 A/dm2,随着电流密度的增加,Ni-TiN镀层表面颗粒逐渐细化。Ni-TiN镀层的显微硬度随着电流密度的增大先增加后降低,电流密度为7 A/dm2时显微硬度达到最大值,为844.5HV。     

自蔓延高温合成Ti3AlC2材料及其摩擦磨损性能

以TiC,Ti,Al,C粉末为反应物原料,采用自蔓延高温反应按照质量分数为15%TiC,50%Ti,28%Al,7%C的配比合成了纯度为96.76%、气孔率为9.45%的高纯Ti3AlC2块体材料。研究添加TiC对合成产物Ti3AlC2材料纯度的影响,并对其摩擦磨损性能进行分析。结果表明:当添加TiC的质量分数小于15%,Ti3AlC2含量随TiC含量的增加而增加;当添加TiC质量分数大于15%,Ti3AlC2含量随TiC含量的增加而降低。当载荷较小,Ti3AlC2材料以磨粒磨损为主;而载荷较大,其以磨粒磨损为主并伴随有轻微黏着磨损。     

TiC0.6的制备及其电化学腐蚀性能研究

用Ti、Al、C粉为原料,热压烧结法制备纯度较高的TiC0.6陶瓷,研究球磨时间、温度、压力对合成TiC0.6的影响及TiC0.6在不同酸溶液中的电化学腐蚀性能.结果表明:最佳球磨时间为12 h,最佳烧结温度为1500℃,随烧结温度升高,游离C原子含量减少;压力可有效促进TiC0.6生成;TiC0.6在HCl溶液中的腐蚀主要为晶间腐蚀,在H2SO4溶液中为均匀腐蚀,在HNO3溶液中TiC0.6易生成一层致密钝化膜,表现出良好的耐蚀性能.     

Ti3AlC2增强铜基复合材料的摩擦磨损特性分析

采用放电等离子烧结(SPS)法在烧结温度为800~900℃和轴向压力为35 MPa的条件下,将Ti3Al C2作为增强相添加到Cu基体中烧结制备Ti3Al C2/Cu复合材料,研究增强相含量(5%~20%)和烧结温度对复合材料的组织结构、密度、硬度和摩擦性能的影响。研究表明:Ti3Al C2可以有效增强铜基体,当Ti3Al C2的体积分数为20%、烧结温度为900℃时,增强效果最佳,此时复合材料的硬度和摩擦性能最好,显微硬度值和摩擦因数分别为176HV和0.39;当试验载荷为100 N时,复合材料随着添加相Ti3Al C2含量的增加其磨损机制也发生变化。     

Ti3AlC2/Al复合材料的制备及性能

采用Ti、Al和C元素粉末为反应原料,通过机械合金化(MA)和热处理法制备出高纯度三元碳化物Ti3Al C2陶瓷粉体。将Ti3Al C2作为增强相添加到金属Al中,采用放电等离子烧结技术(SPS)制备出Ti3Al C2/Al复合材料,研究烧结温度对复合材料的相对密度、硬度和摩擦因数的影响。结果表明:随烧结温度的增加,复合材料的相对密度和硬度也随之增加,当烧结温度为550℃,复合材料的相对密度和硬度分别为97%和180HV;复合材料的摩擦因数随烧结温度升高而逐渐变小,当烧结温度为500℃,摩擦因数达到最低值,约为0.186 9,烧结温度继续升高,摩擦因数反而变大。     

不同材料基体与复合涂层间的结合强度等性能分析

通过对镀有TiN-MoS2/TiN涂层的不同材料试件及刀具的摩擦学试验,考察了基体的材料及硬度对膜-基结合力、膜层结构等的影响.研究表明,由于Cu基体的氢病和45#钢基体表面易形成碳氢化合物等原因,致使涂层失败;由于基体材料及硬度等的差异,1Cr18Ni9Ti基体与涂层的膜-基结合力等性能优于铝合金基体;当基体材料硬度较高时,涂层后的摩擦学性能也较好.     

注射成形钨合金材料的制备与性能研究

用注射成形的方法制备钨合金材料(95W),对其抗拉强度、延伸率、冲击韧性、硬度和密度进行测试,采用扫描电镜观察材料的显微结构和断口形貌,用电子探针对材料的元素组成进行电子能谱分析,并与压制烧结方法制备的钨合金材料性能进行比较。结果表明,脱脂不完全造成的残碳使MIM钨合金材料的拉伸强度和冲击韧性略低于压制烧结法制备的材料,脱脂时微粒的相对移动导致MIM材料的密度略高于压制烧结工艺制得的材料。     

温度对SPS烧结B_4C-SiC复相陶瓷力学性能的影响

以B_4C-20%SiC复相陶瓷为研究材料,通过SPS烧结方式烧结制备B4C-20%SiC复相陶瓷,研究烧结温度对其力学性能的影响。结果表明:样品的致密度和力学性能随温度的升高而增加,在1 950～2 000℃样品的致密化最明显,硬度和断裂韧性也迅速提升;当温度高于2 000℃时,样品基本致密,力学性能也不再发生明显变化。因此,在2 000℃下烧结可得到性能优异的B_4C-SiC复相陶瓷,其相对密度为96.34%,硬度为32.44HV,断裂韧性为4.78 MPa·m~(1/2)。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Method for Measuring Velocity of Warhead Fragments Based on Photoelectric Detection

For measuring velocity and impacting position of single fragment of warhead, a non-contact measuring method is proposed, in which a six-light-screen array, a position indicator, a multi-channel chronograph and a computer are used.The principle of measurement is described. The key device of the system is a light screen array sensor which consists of six light screens allocated with certain geometrical parameters. When the fragment flies through the light screen array, the time of passing through each of the screens is recorded by the multi-channel chronograph. According to the time data and the geometrical parameters of the array, the velocity vector and the location of the fragment can be calculated immediately. The presented method can be used to locate the fragment and to measure the real velocity on its flying direction. It can also be used to measure the velocity of a fragment swarm after the system is engineered further.     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.     

数码电子雷管中影响点火头性能因素分析

阐述了数码电子雷管中,点火药剂细结晶三硝基间苯二酚铅（LTNR）的制备工艺;从点火药剂的种类、加入黏合剂的质量分数、桥丝直径、点火头的电阻值、防潮漆的蘸涂等方面对点火头性能的影响因素进行了探讨;通过震动试验、并联起爆试验、延期精度检测与考核,试验结果表明：一次性合成的细结晶LTNR是制造数码电子雷管点火头较为理想的点火药剂,按技术要求生产的点火头性能指标能够满足行业标准要求。     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Robust Graded Sliding Mode Tracking Control for Low Speed Spinning Ballistic Missiles

The nonlinear dynamic model of spinning ballistic missiles is established during the first boosting phase of the missile. Based on the conventional backstepping sliding mode control and the assumption of a two time-scale separation of missile dynamics, a graded sliding mode controller is designed with two sub-sliding surfaces which have invariability to external disturbances and parameter perturbations, and a matrix which comprises three first order low pass filters is introduced to prevent ＂explosion of terms＂. Owing to the upper bounds of the uncertainties are difficult to obtain in advance, adaptive laws are introduced to estimate the values of the uncertainties in real-time. Eventually, the numerical simulation results given to show the proposed controller can ensure the steady flight of missiles.