固相反应制备纳米氧化锡

用室温固相化学反应法制备了氧化锡纳米晶体。在室温下让含一定量表面活性R的碳酸氢铵粉末与五水氯化银粉末按一定的摩尔比混合研磨，得到含有氧化锡前驱体以及可溶性无机盐的混合物。用水洗去混合物中的可溶性无机盐并干燥后，得到纯的前驱体。前驱体经高温热裂解得到氧化锡纳米晶体。经xRD表征，可知氧化锡为4．2nm左右的纳米晶体。     

由氢氧化氧铁制备纳米级铁酸锌及产物性质研究木

提出了一种合成铁酸锌纳米粉体的新方法。以二价铁盐为原料，用过氧化氢快速氧化得到氢氧化氧铁（δ-FeOOH）；添加计算量的锌离子经沸腾回流制备出纳米级铁酸锌粉体。利用透射电镜（TEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、振动样品磁强计（VSM）等手段对产物的形貌、谱学性质、磁学性质等进行了研究。结果表明：该方法制备的铁酸锌微粒的粒径在5～20nm，颗粒形貌为球形且具有超顺磁性。     

燃烧法制备纳米铁酸镉和铁酸铜及表征

以Fe（NO3）3·9H2O、Cu（NO3）2·3H2O和Cd（NO3）2·4H2O为原料,以柠檬酸为还原剂,采用燃烧法制备了CuFe2O4和CdFe2O4纳米粉体,用X-射线粉末衍射仪（XRD）、红外光谱（IR）和振动样品磁强计（VSM）等手段对样品进行了表征,结果表明样品为立方晶系铁酸铜纳米粉体和立方晶系铁酸镉纳米粉体,其平均粒径约为22nm和18nm,并具有超顺磁性。     

铁掺杂氧化锌制备及对有机染料的光催化降解

采用沉淀法制备铁掺杂的纳米氧化锌。通过粉末X射线衍射（PXRD）和红外光谱（IR）对样品及其前驱体进行表征;采用分光光度计测定样品光催化降解有机染料的效果;用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观测样品的表面形貌。实验结果表明,铁掺杂的氧化锌比纯氧化锌具有更高的催化活性和催化效率。这归因于铁均匀分布在氧化锌中,避免了氧化锌纳米粒子间的团聚,改善了氧化锌表面的性质,在降解有机染料过程中与有机染料大面积接触,对甲基橙和亚甲基蓝具有良好的降解效果,是一种有潜力的光催化降解材料。     

纳米铁酸锌制备方法研究进展

由于具有特殊的性能．铁酸锌的制备及应用已越来越引起人们的重视。本文介绍了纳米铁酸锌最新的几种制备方法，如前驱物固相反应法．微乳液法和聚合物配位法等，分析了各种方法所制备产物的特点及其存在的问题，并对纳米铁酸锌的研究进行了展望。     

低热固相反应法合成掺Eu~（3＋）的双磷酸盐KZnLa（PO_4）_2及其光致发光性能研究

在表面活性剂PEG-400的存在下,于室温下研磨ZnSO4.7H2O,La（NO3）2和K3PO4.3H2O的混合物,使其进行固态反应。研磨结束后,将反应混合物在60℃下保温4 h。用去离子水洗去混合物中的可溶性无机盐,在100℃下烘干,即得纳米晶KZnLa（PO4）2的前驱体。煅烧前驱体得到纳米晶KZnLa（PO4）2。前驱体和它的煅烧产物通过热重和微分热分析,傅立叶变换红外光谱和X-射线粉末衍射表征。结果表明,前驱体仅是结晶度低的化合物;前驱体在高于700℃下煅烧2 h,得到具有高结晶度的纳米晶KZnLa（PO4）2。以相同方法合成了KZnLa0.94Eu0.06（PO4）2,在900℃下煅烧2 h,得到的KZnLa0.94Eu0.06（PO4）2在紫外线照射下是一种发射红光的荧光粉。     

碱式碳酸锌前驱体合成纳米氧化锌及数据挖掘

以硫酸锌粉末与加有聚乙二醇-400为表面活性剂的碳酸钠粉末为原料，先经室温固相反应得到前驱体混合物，然后用水洗去混合物中的可溶性无机盐后将其烘干得到前驱体碱式碳酸锌，前驱体经350℃煅烧得到纳米氧化锌。基于均匀设计得到的数学模型，对试验的规律进行了数据挖掘的动态分析，明确获悉前驱体的煅烧温度还可以降低一些。     

纳米铁酸镍锂的制备

我们发明了一种新型的纳米晶材料合成方法。以硝酸锂、硝酸镍、硝酸铁和草酸为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出了铁酸盐前驱体,通过高温煅烧得到了纳米晶铁氧体-铁酸镍锂,其颗料尺寸为纳米级(100 nm)。我们所合成的铁酸镍锂对RDX和AP的分解均有推进作用,降低了RDX和AP的热分解温度。     

以聚丙烯酸钠为保护剂制备单分散纳米金粒子

以聚丙烯酸钠（PAAS）为保护剂,氯金酸溶液为前驱体,采用水合肼还原氯金酸的化学还原法成功地制备了单分散的纳米金粒子。利用X射线衍射（XRD）,紫外分光光度计（UV-vis）,透射电子显微镜（TEM）、红外光谱仪（FT-IR）和扫描电镜（SEM）等分析测试设备对样品进行了深入的研究与分析。讨论了反应条件对纳米金粒子粒径和形貌的影响。研究表明：所得到的纳米金粒径较小,分布较为均匀;氯金酸溶液用量、PAAS溶液用量和还原剂用量等对纳米金粒子的粒径影响较大。在本研究中,当PAAS溶液（0.1 g/L）用量为5 mL、氯金酸溶液（2 g/L）用量为1 mL、水合肼（85%）用量为4 mL时,所制备纳米金的粒径最小,平均粒径约为50 nm,均匀地分布在20～60 nm之间。     

掺杂铁的纳米二氧化钛光催化降解苯酚的研究

以铁酸丁酯为原料,用溶胶——凝胶（Sol-gel）法制备了掺杂铁离子的纳米TiO2粉末。采用透射电子显微镜和X光衍射仪对粉体的粒径、物相、形貌和热稳定性等进行了表征。通过粉体对苯酚的降解情况对其光催化活性进行了测试,结果表明0．02％（摩尔分数）Fe^3＋-TiO2具有良好的光催化氧化性能。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。