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红枣多糖及红枣硒多糖抗氧化活性的比较研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用85%乙醇溶液提取了红枣多糖并制备出红枣硒多糖,采用超氧阴离子、羟自由基和DPPH自由基的清除实验比较研究了红枣多糖和红枣硒多糖的抗氧化活性。结果表明:红枣多糖和红枣硒多糖均表现出了很强的抗氧化活性,且红枣硒多糖的抗氧化活性更强,二者对超氧阴离子、羟基自由基、DPPH自由基的半抑制浓度EC50分别为:102、81μg/m L;1 360、88μg/m L;51、79μg/m L。可见,研究红枣多糖和红枣硒多糖的抗氧化活性具有重要价值,可为开发出二者的功能产品提供理论支撑。 相似文献
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以红枣多糖为研究对象,通过测定酸奶中乳酸菌活菌数、酸奶酸度、乳清析出率、持水力及感官等指标,研究红枣多糖对乳酸菌发酵酸奶在发酵、贮藏过程中品质的影响。研究结果表明:当红枣多糖添加量为1.0%时,可促进乳酸菌的生长,红枣多糖酸奶的酸度在贮藏期间的变化最小,持水力高、可达77%,乳清析出率最低,为4.40%;在不同温度贮藏的过程中,红枣多糖酸奶的p H、乳清析出率、持水力以及感官品质的变化均低于未添加红枣多糖的酸奶。红枣多糖一定程度上可延长酸奶的酸化过程、延长保质期。本实验通过探索红枣多糖对乳酸菌发酵和酸奶品质的影响,以期为红枣多糖酸奶的制作提供理论和技术依据。 相似文献
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目的充分利用红枣多糖资源,发掘碱提红枣多糖生物活性。方法以热水浸提红枣多糖剩余的残渣为原料,采用氢氧化钠溶液进一步提取其中的多糖物质,获得碱提红枣多糖,对其基本理化性质和生物活性进行研究,并与热水浸提红枣多糖进行比较。结果碱提红枣多糖对光照核黄素产生的超氧阴离子自由基和DPPH自由基具有较强的清除作用,并可强力抑制?-葡萄糖苷酶和透明质酸酶活性。与水提红枣多糖相比,碱提红枣多糖在低浓度时对超氧阴离子自由基的清除作用显著提高,对?-葡萄糖苷酶活性的半抑制剂量降低99%以上。同浓度条件下,碱提红枣多糖对DPPH的清除率明显高于水提红枣多糖,而且随着浓度的提高,其差别更加显著。碱提红枣多糖对透明质酸酶的抑制作用在低浓度条件下显著弱于水提红枣多糖,但当浓度提高到1.0 mg/m L以上时,碱提红枣多糖对透明质酸酶活性的抑制率超过水提红枣多糖。结论碱提红枣多糖是一种优良的自由基清除剂和?-葡萄糖苷酶及透明质酸酶抑制剂,而且部分活性优于水提红枣多糖,利用碱提工艺可提高红枣资源的利用率,又获得了高活性的红枣多糖。 相似文献
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以哈密大枣为原料,采用水提醇沉法提取和脱脂脱蛋白透析获得红枣多糖,通过羧甲基化法、硫酸法和硒化法对红枣多糖进行改性,并对其改性后的红枣多糖进行初步结构表征。结果表明:红枣多糖分子量为136 413 Da、多糖含量为49.96%、;羧甲基化红枣多糖的得率最高为91.1%,取代度为0.42、多糖含量为36.51%、分子量为46 637 Da;硫酸化红枣多糖的取代度为1.65、多糖含量为42.73%、分子量为9970Da和6149Da;硒化红枣多糖硒元素含量为(580.15±11.96)μg/g、多糖含量为44.56%、分子量为136 153 Da。单糖组成分析中硒化红枣多糖半乳糖醛酸含量最高,为53.23%,硫酸化红枣多糖、羧甲基化红枣多糖与红枣多糖中半乳糖醛酸含量(48.17%)相比均有所降低,分别为30.51%和39.60%。红外光谱分析的表征结果可知改性后多糖仍具有多糖的官能团,其他红外指标的变化说明改性成功。 相似文献
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本研究对红枣多糖进行羧甲基化修饰,探究羧甲基化修饰红枣多糖的结构特征及抗氧化活性变化。以红枣粗多糖为原料,采用Sevage法脱蛋白,大孔树脂AB-8脱色处理,对除杂后的多糖进行羧甲基化修饰。以羧甲基取代度为指标,通过单因素和响应面试验对NaOH浓度、一氯乙酸添加量及温度进行优化,以修饰前后多糖对DPPH、羟基自由基的清除能力及其还原力和对Fe2+的螯合能力为指标,探究羧甲基化修饰对红枣多糖抗氧化特性的影响。结果显示,羧甲基化修饰最佳工艺参数为:反应温度70 ℃,一氯乙酸添加量3.5%,NaOH浓度3 mol/L,此条件下羧甲基化红枣多糖分子修饰取代度高达1.157。浓度5 mg/mL时,羧甲基化修饰的红枣多糖DPPH和羟基自由基清除率达93.83%和44.7%,还原力和对Fe2+的螯合能力分别为0.462和44.05%。红枣多糖抗氧化性的显著提升表明羧甲基化修饰可改善多糖的抗氧化性,可为红枣多糖的深入研究提供一定的理论依据。 相似文献
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《食品工业》2015,(6)
究了红枣硒多糖的合成工艺、结构及理化性质。采用水热浸提法从红枣中提取出多糖,在硝酸的催化作用下,利用亚硒酸钠对红枣多糖进行分子修饰,合成出红枣硒多糖。利用单因素和正交试验,确定出最佳合成工艺条件;反应温度70℃、反应时间6 h、亚硒酸钠加入量0.3 g、硝酸浓度0.75%,在此条件下,硒含量为4.454 mg/g。红外光谱显示硒多糖中含有C-Se=O键和Se-H键。理化性质表明硒多糖为棕色固体、无臭无味、能缓慢溶解于热水,不溶于乙醇、乙醚、氯仿等有机溶剂;常温下干品的稳定性比液相的好,高温下的稳定性差;红枣硒多糖比红枣多糖有更强的清除超氧负离子自由基、羟基自由基的能力及更强的还原能力。为红枣资源的进一步开发利用提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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羧甲基化红枣多糖制备及其活性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用红枣多糖与单氯乙酸反应制得7种红枣多糖的羧甲基化修饰产物,并对其羧甲基取代度、溶解性、分子质量及生物活性进行分析测定。结果表明:制备得到的羧甲基化红枣多糖的取代度分别为0.016~0.220,反应液的pH值为12以上有利于羧甲基取代,但pH值的继续升高使产物的得率大大降低;随着羧甲基化过程中氢氧化钠用量的增加,这7种羧甲基化红枣多糖的分子质量逐渐降低。红外光谱分析结果显示本方法在不改变红枣多糖结构的情况下,成功地完成了红枣多糖的羧甲基化修饰;红枣多糖的羧甲基化修饰可显著增强其对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性,但却显著降低了红枣多糖对α-淀粉酶的抑制活性;较低程度的羧甲基取代(DS=0.016~0.082)降低了红枣多糖的透明质酸酶抑制活性,而较高的羧甲基取代度(DS=0.200~0.220)可以增强红枣多糖的透明质酸酶抑制作用。 相似文献
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Evandro L. de Souza Giovanna A. Lundgren Kataryne . R. de Oliveira Lúcia R. R. Berger Marciane Magnani 《Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety》2019,18(6):1947-1967
Consumers have shown increased concern about the importance of adopting regular fresh fruit consumption. Because fresh fruit are highly susceptible to postharvest decay, several studies have focused on the development of alternative technologies to extend their market period. The application of polysaccharides in combination with essential oils (EOs) to formulate edible coatings has been considered an innovative strategy to reduce postharvest losses in fruit. However, available studies have used different methodological procedures related to the production and application of these coatings on fruit, which could be potential influential factors on the achievement of the desired effects in coated fruit. This review summarized the studies focusing on the application of edible coatings formed by polysaccharides and EOs to preserve fruit, in addition to examine and discuss possible factors affecting their functionalities. The approach given in this review envisages to contribute to research in edible coatings formed by polysaccharides and EOs and help to their optimized application as a postharvest treatment of fruit. Despite of the different methods selected for use in experimental assays, data of available literature demonstrate that coatings formed by polysaccharides (that is, chitosan—the only polysaccharide used as an antimicrobial, cassava starch, flaxseed gum, gum arabic, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, locust bean gum, mesquite gum, pectin, pullulan, and sodium alginate) and different EOs (or their individual constituents) are effective to reduce postharvest losses in fruit and generally do not adversely affected their physicochemical and sensory characteristics during storage. 相似文献
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目的:研究不同温度和料液比下临泽小枣粗多糖(Lingze jujube polysaccharide,LZJP)提取传质动力学,并分析多糖理化性质和显微结构。方法:采用水提醇沉法得到LZJP,以Fick第一定律建立LZJP提取动力学模型,获得速率常数、相对萃余率、活化能和半衰期等模型参数。采用DEAE-52纤维素柱和Sephadex?G-100凝胶色谱柱分别纯化得到LZJP3和LZJP4,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱进行多糖官能团结构分析,并利用扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜观察不同多糖组分表面显微结构。结果:实验数据与动力学模型计算值良好吻合,且提取过程符合一级动力学模型,该提取过程的活化能为19.266?kJ/mol,表明水提醇沉法可有效地提取LZJP。傅里叶变换红外光谱结果表明,LZJP3和LZJP4均为酸性多糖,且为β-吡喃型多糖。原子力显微镜观察结果显示,LZJP3分子排列疏松、大小形状均一;LZJP4有少量的分子球状聚集体和大量的分散体,大小不均匀。扫描电子显微镜观察结果显示LZJP3多糖呈片状,表面形貌光滑略有破损;LZJP4为分枝状,表面呈现出干燥的褶皱状。 相似文献
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Jang-Eun Lee Jeong Hyun Yun Ae Ran Lee 《International Journal of Food Properties》2018,21(1):2052-2061
Fermented jujube wine, derived from the red jujube berry, has a unique flavor, a mild and sweet taste, and high nutritional value. Among diverse varieties of jujube, Bokjo and the native variety are the most frequently cultivated varieties in Korea. The present study aimed to determine the brewing properties of jujube and to compare the characteristics of fresh and dried fruits of the native and Bokjo varieties for optimal brewing conditions for jujube wine production. We investigated the physicochemical and sensory properties, and we compared the volatile compounds in jujube wine prepared using different methods, through solid-phase microextraction (SPME) GC/MS analysis. The physicochemical properties of jujube wine depended on the drying process rather than the cultivar or the presence of seeds. Sensory properties including aroma and sweetness, which have positive effects on jujube wines, were greater in the whole dried fruit group, while negative properties including grassy aroma, sourness, and bitter taste, were high in the fresh fruit group; these observations contrast their physicochemical properties, as analyzed using dried jujube with seeds. Significant differences were observed in volatile compounds among jujube wine samples. In particular, isoamyl octanoate, isoamyl decanoate, ethyl laurate, ethyl myristate, and 2-phenethyl acetate potentially contribute to the jujube-like flavor of dried jujube wine. These results could be useful as basic data for raw material processing for jujube wine production. 相似文献
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为充分利用红枣资源,挖掘不同采收期枣果的加工利用价值,以木枣为试材,对比分析白熟期、半红期、全红期三个采收期木枣经自然晾干、热风干燥、真空冷冻干燥后营养、色泽、质地品质指标的变化。结果表明:相同干制方式下白熟期木枣VC、粗纤维、黄酮、三萜类化合物的含量高于半红期,半红期的高于全红期;白熟期木枣可溶性糖和多糖含量显著(P<0.05)低于半红期,半红期的显著(P<0.05)低于全红期;除了可溶性糖外,三个采收期木枣真空冷冻干燥后营养功能成分含量最高,但白熟期和半红期木枣自然晾干或热风干燥后可获得较全红期枣果真空冷冻干燥后高的粗纤维、黄酮、三萜类化合物含量。三个采收期木枣果肉颜色均为绿白色,白熟期木枣质地相对偏硬,半红期和全红期没有显著(P>0.05)差异,真空冷冻干燥较好的保持了木枣原有的色泽品质和质构特性,而自然晾干和热风干燥则促使白熟期和半红期木枣果皮果肉均由绿转红,色差增大,硬度升高,接近甚至高于全红期木枣。由此可得,提前采收的白熟期和半红期木枣具备较好的加工利用特性,真空冷冻干燥为木枣高值化加工的首选干燥方法。研究结果为木枣提前采收加工利用提供了理论依据。 相似文献