共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 187 毫秒
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鲜味是五种基本味感之一,它在人们选择食品中扮演了越来越重要的角色,肽是氨基酸组成的混合物,具有多种味道,是主要的呈味物质,利用蛋白酶解可以获得具有较强鲜味的肽段。本实验采用感官评价结合超滤(UF)、凝胶层析(GPC)和反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)等技术从以盐酸脱酰胺面筋蛋白为原料的发酵液中分离纯化得到一种鲜味肽,同时采用MALDI-TOF-MS串联质谱鉴定该鲜味肽的氨基酸序列及其分子质量;目标定向固相合成鉴别出的鲜味肽,并测定了其鲜味阈值及鲜味相乘效应。结果发现:该鲜味肽的氨基酸序列为Asp-Cys-Gly(DCG),分子质量为293.15 Da,固相合成该鲜味肽后采用滋味稀释法评价发现该鲜味肽的鲜味阈值为100 mg/m L,是MSG阈值的1/3,该鲜味肽对浓度为200 mg/L的I+G溶液具有鲜味增强作用,对MSG没有鲜味增强作用。 相似文献
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为探究鱼露中脯氨酸二肽的呈鲜特性,本研究以感官评价为基础,建立STC-1小鼠小肠内分泌细胞味觉感知模型,采用钙离子成像方法反映脯氨酸二肽的呈味剂量效应,通过实时荧光定量PCR技术测定二肽对鲜味受体T1R1、T1R3、CaSR、GPRC6a的mRNA表达量的影响,判断介导二肽呈鲜的主要受体。结果表明:13个脯氨酸二肽均无苦味,多呈鲜味和酸味,呈味较强的肽同时具有较低的阈值,其中具有较强味觉活性的肽为Ser-Pro、Ala-Pro、Pro-Ala、Pro-Val、Pro-Ile。脯氨酸二肽的呈味活性越强,其对鲜味受体mRNA表达的促进程度越强,推测T1R1是介导脯氨酸二肽呈鲜的重要受体。本研究提供了一种鱼露脯氨酸二肽呈鲜特性的非人工感官评价方法,同时为深入研究鱼露寡肽呈鲜的定量构效关系打下基础。 相似文献
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自味精被发现并在世界各地大规模生产与应用以后,传统的食品呈味作用的四种基本味——咸酸苦甜中,又增加了一种鲜味,组成了当今世界性食品呈味成分的五大要素。鲜味成为人们饮食生活中重要的里味部分。 相似文献
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以鲜味物质为基础的鲜味调味料作为安全、方便的一类定型调味料产品,已成为餐饮业和食品工业高质量快速发展的重要技术支撑。本文以鲜味物质以及鲜味调味料为综述对象,分别介绍了鲜味物质的组成,包括游离氨基酸及其钠盐、呈味核苷酸及其钠盐、鲜味肽及其配料并概述鲜味物质的味觉互作;鲜味调味料的制取方法,包括物理法、化学法、生物法和组合法。同时,阐述了鲜味调味料在食品中的应用,包括提高食品的可接受度、提高食品的营养价值以及与菜谱式调味料和预制菜肴结合。最后,对鲜味调味料未来的发展方向进行展望,以期为开发安全、美味、健康的鲜味调味料,提升其在食品工业中的应用价值提供参考。 相似文献
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鲜味作为五大基本味觉之一,对食品滋味具有重要贡献。食品中的鲜味物质(包括鲜味肽、有机酸、氨基酸、核苷酸以及复合鲜味剂等)以其营养、安全等特点,近年来逐渐成为食品鲜味科学领域以及鲜味调味品方面的研究热点,为相关食品风味的改善提供了理论参考及研究方向。本研究介绍了鲜味物质的发展过程,并对鲜味及鲜味物质的研究现状进行了综述。同时对鲜味物质的种类进行概述,并对食品中主要的鲜味物质检测方法研究进展进行总结,最后对食品中鲜味物质的发展进行展望,以便于为食品中仪器检测鲜味物质相关研究提供参考和依据。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: Soy sauce taste has become a focus of umami taste research. Umami taste is a 5th basic taste, which is associated to a palatable and pleasurable taste of food. Soy sauce has been used as an umami seasoning since the ancient time in Asia. The complex fermentation process occurred to soy beans, as the raw material in the soy sauce production, gives a distinct delicious taste. The recent investigation on Japanese and Indonesian soy sauces revealed that this taste is primarily due to umami components which have molecular weights lower than 500 Da. Free amino acids are the low molecular compounds that have an important role to the taste, in the presence of sodium salt. The intense umami taste found in the soy sauces may also be a result from the interaction between umami components and other tastants. Small peptides are also present, but have very low, almost undetected umami taste intensities investigated in their fractions. 相似文献
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食品中鲜味物质及鲜味肽的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
鲜味是食品五大基本味觉之一,也是深受人们喜爱的美味之一。"天然、营养、安全"的鲜味物质(包括氨基酸类、核苷酸类、有机酸类、鲜味肽等)的开发是近年来食品鲜味科学的研究热点和鲜味调味品研发的重点方向。本文概述了食品中鲜味及鲜味物质的研究现状,并重点介绍了鲜味肽的来源(水产品等)、特点、构效关系、呈鲜机制以及制备和鉴定方法等方面的研究新进展,以期为鲜味调味品的开发,鲜味肽的研究利用及呈鲜机制的研究等提供依据和参考。 相似文献
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Lulu Qi Xinchang Gao Daodong Pan Yangying Sun Zhendong Cai Yongzhao Xiong Yali Dang 《Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety》2022,21(2):1462-1490
Umami is an important element affecting food taste, and the development of umami peptides is a topic of interest in food-flavoring research. The existing technology used for traditional screening of umami peptides is time-consuming and labor-intensive, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-throughput screening, which limits the rapid development of umami peptides. The difficulty in performing a standard measurement of umami intensity is another problem that restricts the development of umami peptides. The existing methods are not sensitive and specific, making it difficult to achieve a standard evaluation of umami taste. This review summarizes the umami receptors and umami peptides, focusing on the problems restricting the development of umami peptides, high-throughput screening, and establishment of evaluation standards. The rapid screening of umami peptides was realized based on molecular docking technology and a machine learning method, and the standard evaluation of umami could be realized with a bionic taste sensor. The progress of rapid screening and evaluation methods significantly promotes the study of umami peptides and increases its application in the seasoning industry. 相似文献
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Johan Diepeveen Tanja C. W. Moerdijk-Poortvliet Feike R. van der Leij 《Journal of food science》2022,87(4):1449-1465
Understanding taste is key for optimizing the palatability of seaweeds and other non-animal-based foods rich in protein. The lingual papillae in the mouth hold taste buds with taste receptors for the five gustatory taste qualities. Each taste bud contains three distinct cell types, of which Type II cells carry various G protein-coupled receptors that can detect sweet, bitter, or umami tastants, while type III cells detect sour, and likely salty stimuli. Upon ligand binding, receptor-linked intracellular heterotrimeric G proteins initiate a cascade of downstream events which activate the afferent nerve fibers for taste perception in the brain. The taste of amino acids depends on the hydrophobicity, size, charge, isoelectric point, chirality of the alpha carbon, and the functional groups on their side chains. The principal umami ingredient monosodium l -glutamate, broadly known as MSG, loses umami taste upon acetylation, esterification, or methylation, but is able to form flat configurations that bind well to the umami taste receptor. Ribonucleotides such as guanosine monophosphate and inosine monophosphate strongly enhance umami taste when l -glutamate is present. Ribonucleotides bind to the outer section of the venus flytrap domain of the receptor dimer and stabilize the closed conformation. Concentrations of glutamate, aspartate, arginate, and other compounds in food products may enhance saltiness and overall flavor. Umami ingredients may help to reduce the consumption of salts and fats in the general population and increase food consumption in the elderly. 相似文献
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食物的味觉在食物选择中起着重要的作用.厚味区别于传统五大基本味觉(即甜味、咸味、酸味、苦味和鲜味),但并非指独立的口味,而是一种增味增稠的特性,以及连续的、满口性的饱满口感.厚味物质能赋予食品浓厚味感,使摄食更愉悦,因而备受食品行业的青睐.厚味肽作为呈现厚味的一大类物质,近年来成为食品科学领域的一大研究热点.文章将从厚... 相似文献