基于广义回归神经网络的纤维增强聚合物复合材料约束损伤混凝土强度预测

纤维增强聚合物复合材料(FRP)约束损伤混凝土抗压强度模型对于混凝土柱类构件的修复和加固具有重要指导意义.现有FRP修复混凝土的强度模型适用条件有限,同一模型不能同时应用于不同强弱约束、不同强度混凝土、不同倒角混凝土的强度预测.本文根据广义回归神经网络(GRNN)的特点,基于46个FRP强约束损伤混凝土方柱、210个F...     

基于修正混凝土塑性损伤模型的大应变FRP约束混凝土有限元分析

精确的有限元分析(FEA)依赖于材料的准确定义。通过编写用户子程序UMAT实现了大断裂应变纤维增强聚合物(LRS FRP)在纤维方向上拉伸特性的定义。基于Abaqus中混凝土塑性损伤模型的理论框架,提出了一种改进的混凝土塑性损伤模型用于定义LRS FRP约束混凝土的材料特性。这些改进包括：通过LRS FRP约束混凝土的实验数据校准了与屈服准则相关的参数K;硬化/软化准则与约束刚度相关;流动法则与轴向塑性应变相关。采用修改后的材料模型进行FEA,结果表明：FEA预测的应力-应变曲线与实验结果吻合。基于FEA的结果,讨论了矩形柱截面上应力分布的不均匀性,根据约束效果可分为有效约束区域和弱约束区域,且在约束有效区域上应力分布不均匀性随着截面比(长边/短边)的增加而增加。     

玄武岩纤维布约束高温损伤混凝土方柱轴压力学性能试验

对36个玄武岩纤维布增强聚合物基复合材料（BFRP）约束的高温损伤混凝土方柱和15个不同高温损伤的对比试件进行了轴压试验。试验表明,玄武岩纤维布横向约束能改变高温损伤后混凝土方柱的破坏形态,显著提高混凝土方柱的轴压强度和变形能力。其中三层玄武岩纤维布包裹的200℃、400℃、600℃和800℃高温损伤混凝土方柱轴压强度分别提高了48%、130%、206%和389%,轴向变形分别提高了433%、344%、319%和251%。采用典型的纤维增强聚合物基复合材料（FRP）约束常温未损伤混凝土轴压力学性能的设计模型预测FRP约束高温损伤混凝土的轴压强度和变形时存在较大的偏差。通过构建柱状膜结构静水压力平衡模型和约束混凝土方柱与FRP体积应变能平衡模型,分别改进了FRP约束混凝土方柱轴压极限应力和极限应变计算模型的基本形式。基于该基本形式和试验数据,分别确定了BFRP约束高温损伤混凝土方柱轴压极限应力和极限应变计算中与温度相关的参量,提出了适用于高温损伤混凝土方柱的轴压极限应力和极限应变的设计模型。      

不同应变速率下CFRP约束混凝土方柱的力学性能

为研究不同应变速率下碳纤维增强树脂复合材料(CFRP)约束混凝土方柱的力学性能,本文采用CFRP约束倒角半径为15 mm、45 mm、60 mm的方形试件,进行应变速率为3.3×10^-5 s^-1、3.3×10^-3 s^-1的加载试验,分析了试件倒角半径和应变速率对CFRP约束混凝土方柱的应力-应变曲线、轴向应变-环向应变曲线和抗压强度的影响。结果表明,试件的应力-应变曲线的第二段斜率和抗压强度均随着试件倒角半径与应变速率的增加而增大;轴向应变-环向应变曲线的斜率随着应变速率的增加而增大,随着CFRP的层数增大而减小。最后基于试验数据对现有文献的模型进行评估,结果表明Lin等模型的预测结果与准静态下FRP约束混凝土方柱的轴向应变-环向应变关系曲线比较吻合,魏洋等模型能够预测FRP强弱约束状态,Cao等模型可以用于预测不同应变率下CFRP约束混凝土方柱的抗压强度。研究成果为CFRP约束混凝土方柱的进一步应用提供了试验依据与理论基础。     

聚丙烯纤维再生混凝土损伤本构模型的研究

基于Weibull统计分布理论和Lemaitre等效应变假定原理,推导出聚丙烯纤维再生混凝土单轴受压损伤本构模型,对聚丙烯纤维再生混凝土进行单轴受压试验,根据试验数据,确定了该模型参数,通过试验曲线和模型曲线的对比分析发现两者拟合较好。基于考虑中间主应力、拉压性能影响的适用于任何材料的统一强度理论,推导出聚丙烯纤维再生混凝土的双剪损伤本构模型,建立了纤维混凝土损伤本构模型从单轴到双轴的转化方法。     

型钢混凝土异形柱框架地震损伤分析

为实现对型钢混凝土异形柱框架的地震损伤分析,采用加权系数法建立了能够反映构件损伤、楼层损伤和整体框架损伤三者迁移演化的地震损伤模型,并对两榀型钢混凝土异形柱框架进行了地震损伤试验及有限元模拟,获得了梁的弯矩-转角滞回曲线和柱的水平荷载-位移滞回曲线,进而对试件的地震损伤指数进行了计算分析。结果表明,构件、楼层和整体框架的损伤指数变化规律与试件的破坏发展历程较为吻合,说明所建立的型钢混凝土异形柱框架地震损伤模型是合理的。基于试件的破坏状态及地震损伤分析结果,提出了型钢混凝土异形柱框架对应5个性能水平的损伤指数范围,为该类结构的震后损伤评估提供了依据。     

玄武岩纤维布增强树脂基复合材料约束高温损伤混凝土轴压力学性能

对36个玄武岩纤维布增强树脂基复合材料（BFRP）约束加固的高温损伤混凝土圆柱体和15个不同高温损伤的对比试件进行了轴压试验。试验表明,BFRP侧向约束能显著改变混凝土圆柱体的破坏形态,提高混凝土圆柱体的轴压强度和变形能力。其中二层BFRP包裹的200℃、400℃、600℃和800℃高温损伤混凝土圆柱体的轴压强度分别提高了56%、82%、234%和250%,轴向变形分别提高了328%、198%、232%和136%。采用典型的纤维增强复合材料约束常温未损伤混凝土轴压强度和变形计算模型预测纤维增强复合材料约束高温损伤混凝土轴压极限强度和极限变形时存在较大的偏差。基于本文试验数据,确定了BFRP约束高温损伤混凝土极限应力和极限应变计算模型中与温度相关的参量,建议了适用于预测纤维增强复合材料约束高温损伤混凝土的极限应力计算模型和极限应变计算模型。     

型钢高强高性能混凝土框架柱地震损伤分析

为了研究地震作用下型钢高强高性能混凝土构件的损伤,总结和分析了已有地震损伤模型存在的不足,基于低周反复荷载作用下型钢高强高性能混凝土框架柱的损伤试验研究结果,对框架柱的地震损伤特性进行了分析。通过合理地考虑循环次数对构件极限抵御能力(极限耗能和变形能力)的影响以及加载路径对损伤的影响,建立了能够全面反映水平地震作用下构件力学特性变化的基于变形和能量组合的非线性双参数损伤模型。对损伤模型中相应的参数进行了讨论和分析,并给出了其具体定义和表达式。结合试验结果,对损伤模型的有效性进行了验证。研究结果表明,该模型能够较好地描述型钢高强高性能混凝土框架柱的地震损伤演化过程与程度,且理论上更为合理。研究结果为该类结构构件的地震损伤评估以及基于损伤的抗震设计方法的建立提供了理论依据。     

约束混凝土单轴弹塑性损伤本构模型

该文通过采用混凝土三维弹塑性损伤模型和弧长法分析了钢筋混凝土单轴压缩过程中箍筋对混凝土的约束作用,得到了约束混凝土单轴抗压强度和延性增大系数。基于连续介质损伤力学的基本框架,引入约束混凝土强度和延性增大系数,建立了混凝土单轴弹塑性损伤本构模型。验证表明：该文模型符合热动力基本方程,可较好地反映约束混凝土强度和延性增大、强度软化、刚度退化、塑性变形、裂面效应、等力学特性;模型参数与中国现行《混凝土结构设计规范》推荐的模型完全相同,易于工程应用。将该文模型与纤维束形式的Timoshenko梁单元相结合,在自主研发的结构非线性分析软件SAUSAGE中完成开发实现。利用SAUSAGE完成了某钢筋混凝土框架结构的大震动力非线性分析,结果表明：箍筋约束作用可以有效抑制梁、柱构件的非线性发展,影响了结构最大层间位移角和最大层间剪力等宏观指标。     

FRP约束混凝土力学性能影响因素分析

FRP作为一种新型人工复合材料,因其强度高、密度小、施工简便、耐腐蚀性高、不增加构件截面尺寸等优点,被广泛应用于土木工程结构加固中.FRP约束混凝土本构关系、极限抗压强度、极限应变等力学参数是进行结构强度补强和延性加固的前提和基础.为使FRP约束混凝土更好地应用于工程实践,基于有限元分析手段和国内外近10年来关于FRP约束混凝土的试验研究与分析成果,深入分析和研究了约束比、混凝土柱截面形状、尺寸、强度、FRP用量、模量、FRP强度以及延伸率对FRP约束混凝土力学性能的影响.     

Prediction of FRP-confined compressive strength of concrete using artificial neural networks

Strengthening and retrofitting of concrete columns by wrapping and bonding FRP sheets has become an efficient technique in recent years. Considerable investigations have been carried out in the field of FRP-confined concrete and there are many proposed models that predict the compressive strength which are developed empirically by either doing regression analysis using existing test data or by a development based on the theory of plasticity. In the present study, a new approach is developed to obtain the FRP-confined compressive strength of concrete using a large number of experimental data by applying artificial neural networks. Having parameters used as input nodes in ANN modeling such as characteristics of concrete and FRP, the output node was FRP-confined compressive strength of concrete. The idealized neural network was employed to generate empirical charts and equations for use in design. The comparison of the new approach with existing empirical and experimental data shows good precision and accuracy of the developed ANN-based model in predicting the FRP-confined compressive strength of concrete.     

Influence of concrete strength and confinement method on axial compressive behavior of FRP confined high- and ultra high-strength concrete

This paper presents an experimental investigation on the effect of concrete compressive strength and confinement method on confined high and ultra high-strength concrete (HSC and UHSC) specimens. A total of 55 fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) confined concrete specimens were tested under monotonic axial compression. All specimens were cylinders with 152 mm diameter and 305 mm height and confined by carbon FRP (CFRP). Three different concrete mixes were examined, with average compressive strengths of 35, 65 and 100 MPa. The effect of the confinement method was also examined with FRP-wrapped specimens compared to FRP tube-encased specimens. Axial and lateral behavior was recorded to observe the axial stress–strain relationship and lateral strain behavior for concentric compression. Ultimate axial and lateral conditions are tabulated and the complete stress–strain curves have been provided. The experimental results presented in this paper provide a performance comparison between FRP-confined conventional normal-strength concrete (NSC) and the lesser understood area of FRP-confined HSC and UHSC. The results of this experimental study clearly indicate that above a certain confinement threshold, FRP-confined HSC and UHSC exhibits highly ductile behavior, however for the same normalized confinement pressures, axial performance of FRP-confined concrete reduces as concrete strength increases. The results also indicate that ultimate conditions of FRP-wrapped specimens are similar to those confined by FRP tubes, however a performance difference is evident at the transition region. The performance of 10 existing stress–strain models were assessed against the experimental datasets and the performance of these models discussed. The results of this model assessment revealed the need for further development for stress–strain models developed specifically for FRP-confined HSC or UHSC.     

Prediction of strength parameters of FRP-confined concrete

This research deals with the prediction of compressive strength and crushing strain of FRP-confined concrete using neural networks and regression models. Basic information on neural networks and the types of neural networks most suitable for the analysis of experimental results are given. A set of experimental data, covering a large range of parameters, for the training and testing of neural networks is used. The prediction models based on neural network are presented. The influence of raw and the non-dimensional group of variables on compressive strength and crushing strain of FRP-confined concrete is studied through sensitivity analysis, which provided a basis for the development of a new regression based model. The neural networks based model gave high prediction accuracy and the results demonstrated that the use of neural networks in assessing the compressive strength and crushing strain of FRP-confined concrete is both practical and beneficial.     

FRP-confined concrete under axial cyclic compression

One important application of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites in construction is as FRP jackets to confine concrete in the seismic retrofit of reinforced concrete (RC) structures, as FRP confinement can enhance both the compressive strength and ultimate strain of concrete. For the safe and economic design of FRP jackets, the stress–strain behavior of FRP-confined concrete under cyclic compression needs to be properly understood and modeled. This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the behavior of FRP-confined concrete under cyclic compression. Test results obtained from CFRP-wrapped concrete cylinders are presented and examined, which allows a number of significant conclusions to be drawn, including the existence of an envelope curve and the cumulative effect of loading cycles. The results are also compared with two existing stress–strain models for FRP-confined concrete, one for monotonic loading and another one for cyclic loading. The monotonic stress–strain model of Lam and Teng is shown to be able to provide accurate predictions of the envelope curve, but the only existing cyclic stress–strain model is shown to require improvement.     

增强纤维约束混凝土柱应力-应变模型RBFNN改进计算方法

为提高增强纤维约束混凝土柱应力-应变模型中特征点(峰值应力、应变)的计算精度,针对已有文献资料提出的特征点近似计算公式的不足,引入径向基函数,以混凝土轴心抗压强度、FRP抗拉强度、FRP环向约束体积比、拐角半径与截面短边比值及截面长宽比为输入参数,峰值应力比、峰值应变比为输出参数,建立特征点的径向基网络模型.模型计算结...     

基于基因表达式编程的FRP约束混凝土极限轴向应变预测

纤维增强树脂复合材料(FRP)以其质量轻、强度高、耐腐蚀和施工方便等优势被广泛应用于混凝土结构性能提升和受损构件加固中。FRP约束混凝土的极限条件是选择FRP种类、选择FRP厚度及确定包裹层数等必须要考虑的因素,现有极限应力模型的预测结果能够较好反地映真实情况,而现有极限轴向应变模型的预测精度偏低,故本文对极限轴向应变进行了研究。由于影响FRP约束混凝土极限轴向应变的因素较多,许多研究人员提出的模型在输入参数的选择上存在较大差异,故本文在通过基因表达式编程建立极限轴向应变模型的同时还探讨了不同输入形式对模型预测精度的影响。采用决定系数及平均绝对误差等5种统计指标对模型预测结果进行评价,并将其与现有模型进行对比分析。研究结果表明:原始数据和新数据组合的输入形式对应的模型具有最高的预测精度,因此在模型输入参数的选择上不能仅考虑原始数据或者新数据;与其他研究人员所提模型相比,本文所提模型预测精度更高,其决定系数为0.893,平均绝对误差等指标均在0.35以下。      

Cyclic modeling of FRP-confined concrete with improved ductility

Confinement by fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) wraps can significantly enhance strength and ductility of concrete columns. Behavior of FRP-confined concrete in uniaxial compression can be characterized by its bilinear stress–strain and unique dilation properties. A number of models have in recent years been developed to capture these characteristics under monotonic loading. None, however, have addressed the cyclic response of FRP-confined concrete. A total of 24 FRP-confined concrete stub specimens were tested in uniaxial compression under different levels of loading and unloading, with different fiber type, wrap thickness, and loading patterns. Based on a regression analysis of test results, a constitutive model is developed that includes cyclic rules for loading and unloading, plastic strains, and stiffness and strength degradations. The proposed model is validated by comparing analytical predictions with experimental results of an independent test series. Good agreement was shown between the analysis and experiments, confirming the ability of the model to predict the cyclic behavior of FRP-confined concrete. The model could be easily implemented in a fiber element model for flexural analysis of cyclic loaded beam-columns in conjunction with a strain gradient approach.