变色颜料

变色颜料严格地讲,应属于无机颜料,但许多色颜料都是和传统的有机颜料复合使用,使传统的颜料、涂料工业以及防伪油墨受到了极大的挑战,充满了商机。本文综述了变色颜料的最新发展,重点介绍了变色颜料的结构、光可变机理、随视角变化的CIELAB色彩空间坐标图及加工工艺。     

新型铒变色颜料的合成及其应用

用饵的氧化物,添加其它稀土氧化物及过渡金属氧化物,合成出新型的陶瓷变色颜料。本文从理论上进行了分析;通过实验得出较佳的合成温度和配比;并探讨了这几种颜料在透明其釉中的适应性。     

几种新型铒变色颜料的研究

用饵氧化物并添加其它稀土氧化物及过渡金属氧化物合成出了新型陶瓷光致变色颜料。在进行理论分析的基础上,通过试验得出较佳的合成温度和配比。     

几种新型铒变色颜料的研究

用铒氧化物并添加其它稀土氧化物及过渡金属氧化物合成出了新型陶瓷光致变色颜料。在进行理论分析的基础上,通过试验得出了较佳的合成温度和配比。     

新型Ag_mCu_nHgI_4可逆热致变色颜料的研究

将Cu(NO3 ) 2 和AgNO3 溶液以不同比例同时加入K2 HgI4水溶液中合成了系列AgmCunHgI4(m +n =2 )可逆热致变色颜料。研究发现 :随着Ag和Cu比例的改变 ,颜料变色温度呈现出一定的变化规律 ;当m和n的比例接近 1∶1时 ,变色温度达到最低 35℃ ;降低环境温度 ,可以缩短产品的复色时间 ;差示扫描量热分析 (DSC)图谱中颜料的相变温度与目测变色温度表现出相同的规律性。在分析AgmCunHgI4颜料变色机理的基础上 ,结合晶体微观结构 ,推测得出晶体的微观对称性越低 ,颜料的变色温度越低的结论     

热敏变色纤维材料

详细介绍了热敏变色材料的发展和目前的研究情况 ,常用变色剂的类型及其变色机理和热敏变色纤维的制造方法。     

可逆热致变色材料的变色机理及应用

本文介绍了热致变色材料的类别和发展趋势,着重介绍了可逆热致变色材料的变色机理及其应用。     

单变色不可逆示温涂料的研制

分析以CuCO3和Fe4[Fe(CN)6]2为变色颜料，阐述了单变色不可逆示温涂料的变色原理和制法。通过正交试验讨论了各种因素对涂层变色温度的影响。     

有机颜料取代有毒重金属彩色颜料

含有有毒重金属的无机颜料取代有毒重因对人类健康构成严重危害,因而受到健康安全和环境保护法规的严格限制。国外通过“正确调整”思路改进和全新的有机颜料,很好地解决了性能／成本平衡,从而有效地取代了部分黄色,橙色和红色有毒无机彩色颜料。     

A rapid estimation of pigment content in virgin olive oils by a solvent-free method

In this work, a fast method was proposed for estimating the virgin olive oils (VOOs) carotenoids and chlorophylls concentration using color measurement. The pigment content by conventional spectrophotometry method and CIELAB color (L*, a*, and b*) at different degree of sample thickness (from 5 to 50 mm) of one hundred VOOs were measured. Oil carotenoids and chlorophylls content were correlated with the color parameters for the different oil thickness studied to design the prediction models of the new method. The best regression coefficients (R²) were obtained for multiple linear regression model using the three independent variables (L*, a*, and b*) together measured at 5 mm of oil thickness. The R² were 0.9679, 0.9515, and 0.9644 for predicting carotenoids, chlorophylls, and total pigments, respectively. External validation of these prediction models was satisfactory (relative error < 0.1). Therefore, this new solvent-free colorimetric method is a useful method for determination of carotenoids and chlorophylls content in VOOs. Practical applications: The simple colorimetric method developed in this study offers a fast and accurate alternative to current methods published in the literature to estimate the pigment content in VOOs. It is a rapid (less than 1 min) and cheap method, with the advantage of ease of operation, no sample pretreatment and solvent-free, thus environmentally friendly. This methodology can potentially be used by trained “nonprofessional analytical skilled” people in small laboratories or olive oil mills with limited technical facilities. Therefore, the technique is highly plausible as an alternative to determine the pigment content in VOOs. Finally, future works with this methodology could be carried out to online control of VOOs pigments content in the oil extraction process.     

Assessing the affective feelings of two‐ and three‐dimensional objects

The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of physical appearance attributes (in terms of color and shape) on our affective feelings of 2D and 3D objects. Twelve colors were studied, each consisting of 12 two‐dimensional and 12 three‐dimensional shapes. This resulted in 144 2D and 144 3D color‐shape combinations. Each color‐shape combination was assessed using 20 emotion scales in a viewing cabinet by a panel of observers with normal color vision. The results show that there are five underlying factors of these 20 scales, i.e., “activity,” “weight,” “heat,” “softness,” and “complexity”. The first three factors were mainly related to color and the other two were linked with shape. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 34, 75–83, 2009.     

五彩缤纷的颜料

颜料是涂料的重要组成部分。本文简要介绍了白色颜料、彩色颜料、体质颜料、金属颜料、珠光颜料、发光颜料及颜料工业的经济形势。     

Comparison of the metrics between the CIELAB and the DIN99 uniform color spaces using dental resin composite material values

The sizes for the perceptible or acceptable color difference measured with instruments vary by factors such as instrument, material, and color‐difference formula. To compensate for disagreement of the CIELAB color difference (ΔE^*_ab) with the human observer, the CIEDE2000 formula was developed. However, since this formula has no uniform color space (UCS), DIN99 UCS may be an alternative UCS at present. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between the CIELAB UCS and DIN99 UCS using dental resin composites. Changes and correlations in color coordinates (CIE L*,a*, and b* versus L₉₉, a₉₉, and b₉₉ from DIN99) and color differences (ΔE^*_ab and ΔE₉₉) of dental resin composites after polymerization and thermocycling were determined. After transformation into DIN99 formula, the a value (red–green parameter) shifted to higher values, and the span of distribution was maintained after transformation. However, the span of distribution of b values (yellow–blue parameter) was reduced. Although color differences with the two formulas were correlated after polymerization and thermocycling (r = 0.77 and 0.68, respectively), the color coordinates and color differences with DIN99 were significantly different from those with CIELAB. New UCS (DIN99) was different from the present CIELAB UCS with respect to color coordinates (a and b) and color difference. Adaptation of a more observer‐response relevant uniform color space should be considered after visual confirmation with dental esthetic materials. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 31, 168–173, 2006     

The feasibility of establishing new color image scales using the magnitude estimation method

Color image is one of the most important factors in art and design. In general, artists and designers apply their own personal image meanings into their work. However, the image meaning for a specific work is frequently in conflict with those of the general observer. Thus it is necessary and important to derive one set of merit color image scales which can be utilized to predict the color image meanings of works in parallel with the average person's perception and which can also serve as a guide for artists and designers. In this study, the psychophysical method (magnitude estimation method), usually used in visual measurement of color appearance, was employed to attempt to establish new color image scales to evaluate the color image meanings of works matching those of the average person. The results show that new color image scales WIP are developed, and the relativity between the latest color image scales WIP and the color attributes (say Lightness L*, Hue h, and Chroma C*) of the CIELAB color space is also discussed. The total mean value of coefficient of variation for the results of visual assessment in the experiment of evaluating the color image meanings of the 207 color specimens used, in general, is about 36, similar to that for those experiments conducted using the psychological method. Also, a good relationship between the new color image scales and the color attributes of the CIELAB color space can be found. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 32, 463–468, 2007     

浅谈闪光涂料用颜料--闪光铝粉及云母钛颜料

简述了闪光铝粉颜料、云母钛珠光颜料的光学原理、结构特点、分类及其涂料的配制 ,以及它们的性能对涂膜的影响     

苝系颜料及商品化技术

该文讨论了苝系颜料的品种、合成，结构特性、同质异晶现象、晶型及其应用性能等；介绍了苝系颜料的商品化技术，诸如：隐色体氧化、酸处理、溶剂处理、研磨技术、颜料衍生物处理、不同添加剂改性及共缩合技术等。     

由苊衍生的有机颜料产品及其开发应用

本文全面系统综述了由苊衍生的有机颜料产品,重点介绍了以苊为起始原料制得的苝系有机颜料、蒽醌稠环酮类蒽缔蒽酮有机颜料、苉酮系有机颜料,列出了主要品种的化学结构、化学名称、CAS登记号及欧共体登记号。简单介绍了它们的合成工艺路线和生产现状,展望了发展前景。     

Color reproduction in virtual lip makeup using a convolutional neural network

Recently, it has become possible to examine the suitability of cosmetic products by virtual makeup techniques so that shoppers can buy products online. The virtual makeup can also be utilized at offline stores to prevent possible sanitation problems associated with swatching. Faithful color reproduction is one of the most important factors in virtual makeup applications. Thus, the color difference between the virtual and real makeup results needs to be minimized. However, most previous studies on virtual makeup focus on the recommendation of makeup style rather than on the accuracy of color reproduction. This article proposes an accurate lipstick color reproduction method based on convolutional neural network. This study indicates that the proposed method using a convolutional neural network results in the minimum value of color difference compared with linear regression and multilayer perceptron algorithms.