小城镇总规阶段城镇空间形态优化探索——以安徽六安市诸佛庵镇为例

针对总体规划对城市(镇)空间形态调控乏力的问题,探讨总体规划编制中宜采用城市形态学、城市规划与城市设计相整合的城市(镇)空间形态研究方法,提出小城镇总体规划阶段城镇空间形态优化的构成与内容,并从城镇空间形态基础性研究和空间形态优化设计两方面具体分析了诸佛庵镇总体规划编制中城镇空间形态优化的初步探索。     

Using Exploratory Scenarios in Planning Practice

Abstract

Problem, research strategy, and findings: Despite growing interest by practitioners in using exploratory scenarios within urban planning practice, there are few detailed guidelines for how to do this. Through the discussion of five case examples, we illustrate different approaches to linking exploratory scenarios to different planning contexts. We conclude by observing that to directly inform a plan, regardless of the specific approach taken, exploratory scenarios in urban planning must incorporate stakeholder values and not only rely on expert judgment and analysis.

Takeaway for practice: Exploratory scenarios are effective for analyzing uncertainty within a planning process. However, exploratory scenarios can be incorporated into planning practice in different ways, ranging from workshops among experts that aim to cultivate general learning to complex projects that result in highly detailed scenarios and recommendations for plans. Practitioners can draw on the cases we present to inspire planning methods for particular projects, taking into account specific contexts and goals.     

Antal Palóczi and the beginnings of modern urban planning in the Kingdom of Hungary: the example of Bratislava and Novi Sad (1867–1918)

ABSTRACT

The period from 1867 to 1918 represents one of the most productive and intense eras of town building and modernization within the Kingdom of Hungary. From the beginning of modern urban planning, the leading Hungarian urban planners and theorists followed all the major themes of the era’s planning discussion. The modern urban planning principles, as well as the common urban design language (rings, avenues, city parks etc.) acted as a common platform for the town shaping in the entire country. Especially Budapest-based architect Antal Palóczi implemented very soon and with decisive success these commonly used strategies and solutions in his regulatory plans. Even these plans remained often unrealized as whole, their main ideas could be traced in the later urban planning solutions of the twentieth century despite the fact the later planners never referred to the first plans. The current study is the result of research and interpretation of newly discovered and unpublished plans and maps, which marked the beginning of modern urban planning at the beginning of the twentieth century in Pozsony, currently Bratislava and Újvidék, Novi Sad in present-day Serbia.     

Planning history in Australia: The state of the art

Over the last two decades, planning history in Australia has firmed as both a specific research field and pragmatic endeavour geared to planning practice. The emergence of an identifiable planning history strand across the borders of such disciplines as planning, political science, human geography, and history in the mid‐1970s gained much of its rationale from other developments at this time, including the academic legitimation of urban studies and urban history, an unprecedented level of governmental interest in urban and regional development, reassessment and reaction to traditional land use planning, and the benevolent imprimatur of the British Planning History Group. From the vantage point of the early 1990s, a substantive literature can now be critically surveyed. Diverse if not fragmented, parochial and sometimes quirky, the general nature of this body of work partly reflects the spatial isolationism and parochialism that have been hallmarks of Australian cultural and political development. Beyond the straitlaced general surveys of state, city and metropolitan planning, several established lines of inquiry are evident, notably colonial town layout, civic design, the impact of planning movements, evaluations of metropolitan planning, political conflict, and federal urban policy. The links with cognate fields such as housing, landscape architecture and, increasingly, environmental studies, are close. Alongside these general themes have come more distinctively Antipodean preoccupations like the planning of Adelaide and Canberra as well as the work of Walter Burley Griffin. Future challenges lie in more original research, integration, theory development, and policy relevance.     

新时期县域小城镇规划与建设中的问题分析与对策

现阶段,我国正大力实施城乡一体化规划和建设社会主义新农村,作为是连结城市和乡村的桥梁与纽带——小城镇建设正面临前所未有的发展机遇。本文结合笔者多年城市规划设计实践,详细总结分析阐述了小城镇规划与建设中存在的诸多问题及应对措施,并对新时期背景下小城镇规划与建设的具体思路和建议进行了深入探讨。     

可持续规划理念在北川新县城总体规划中的实践

北川新县城的灾后重建具有特殊性,在新县城的规划中针对灾后重建的特点,从选址、规划布局、风貌特色、绿化系统、绿色交通等方面贯穿了可持续发展的理念,促进北川新县城健康发展,使之成为可持续规划的典型探索与实践。     

《城乡规划法》下规划信息化建设的若干思考——以珠海市规划信息化建设为例

2008年1月1日,《城乡规划法》颁布实施。与《城市规划法》相比,该法强调城乡统筹,进一步鼓励采用先进的技术,增强城乡规划的科学性,提高城乡规划实施监督和管理的效能。新形势下如何利用规划信息化的管理手段贯彻《城乡规划法》的新要求,提升规划管理水平,值得规划信息化工作者深思。本文就《城乡规划法》颁布的几项重要内容,结合当前规划信息化的建设现状,提出了目前城市规划信息化建设存在及今后发展应该注意的几个问题,并结合珠海市城乡规划信息化建设的实例进行了阐述。     

实践·探索·总结·提高——四川省城乡规划设计研究院技术进步与发展历程回顾

四川省城乡规划设计研究院在规划模式、总体规划修编、城市远景轮廓规划指导性程序、城市(镇)历史文化遗存和传统风貌保护、城市风貌景观规划、城市土地使用控制规划、移民迁建规划、城市用地多因素综合分析、"空间管制与协调"规划、近期建设规划、风景名胜规划和小城镇规划共12个领域进行了积极的探索与总结,为规划业界的共同提高做出了贡献.     

《湖北省城镇体系规划》实施评估研究

首先选择《湖北省城镇体系规划》实施评估方法,相应提出本规划实施评估指标选取原则并构建评估指标体系;然后采用目标达成法,针对本规划的城镇经济社会发展、城镇空间结构、城镇规模结构、城镇职能结构、城镇基础设施5个目标领域分别进行评估,并据此提出评估结论及后续规划修编的合理化建议。     

小城镇灾后重建规划的四点思考——以绵竹市汉旺镇总体规划为例

灾后重建小城镇总体规划编制过程中,一个核心内容就是如何凸显城乡规划的公共政策导向。文章结合绵竹市汉旺镇总体规划实践,具体就落实科学发展观、加强公众参与、突出"安全"及"生态"和注重空间特色营造等四个方面进行了深入探讨,并形成了比较适应当前小城镇重建规划的工作思路与方法,希望对其他乡镇的重建规划有所启示。     

The urban grid and entangled planning cultures in Senegal

ABSTRACT

In Western (Eurocentric) research traditions of urban and planning histories, sub-Saharan Africa is generally denied an urban past, an urban settlement design culture, and especially an indigenous practice of grid planning. It is against this historiographic background that indigenous grid pattern settlements in Senegal are analysed, with relation to the gridded tradition of colonial settlement design. In light of both cultural sensitivities inherited in African studies and the diffusionist paradigm which seeks a supposed singular ‘origin’ for the grid plan – it is demonstrated that urban grid planning emerges independently in Senegal, before European colonization. In shifting the discussion from morphological essentialism regarding the genealogy of the grid towards a more interactive and processual approach of ‘entangled histories’, this article also provides insights into the dynamic criss-crossings between top-down and bottom-up cultures of urban planning. This Western-cum-indigenous formalistic entanglement is exemplified by analysing how such important contemporary Senegalese cities as Dakar, Touba, and Diourbel have been built. On the methodological level, we utilize a variety of secondary and primary sources, including archival material, an analysis of recent maps, satellite imagery, and direct observation.     

历史传承下的“城” “陵”视线关系量化研究——以陕西省咸阳市乾县为例

乾县县城即唐奉天古城,为乾陵的祀奉之城。历时千余年的古城格局与陵邑关系构成了乾县历史文化的主脉。以视线关系作为"城"、"陵"关系的切入点,通过对各时期县城空间格局的恢复模拟,运用GIS空间分析技术构建"城""陵"视线关系,并通过县城空间形态单元的划分与构建,借助视觉景观及形态类型学理论探讨不同时期城市空间格局中特定点视线与城市格局间的关系,并探讨其在旧城更新规划体系中的应用。对延续城市文脉、优化城市景观格局、凸显城市个性起到一定借鉴意义。     

面向规划事权的济南城乡统筹规划体系

在我国多级政府管理体制下,一级规划主管部门对应一级规划事权。城乡统筹规划如何面向规划事权是充分发挥规划职能、构建和谐社会不可回避的问题。济南市立足实际,面向管理需求,对应规划事权,划定市区为规划区,构建由宏观层面的城市总体规划、市区镇村体系规划,中观层面的中心城控制性规划、重点地区次区域规划,微观层面的修建性详细规划、新农村建设规划组成的城乡统筹规划体系,尤其是加强了承上启下的市区镇村体系规划、重点区域的南部山区保护与发展规划、覆盖乡村全域的新农村建设规划,实现市区暨规划区城乡规划的多层次统筹。     

县域小城镇规划中存在的问题分析与解决措施探讨

小城镇规划是县域城镇体系规划中的重要一环,本文结合笔者多年城市规划工作实践,并运用城市规划一般原理,详细分析了县域小城镇规划中存在的诸多问题,并针对性地提出了解决问题的措施与途径。     

从理想到现实——解读宁波东钱湖城市设计

在初期设想到理念形成、规划设计到具体实施的过程中,宁波东钱湖城市设计理想与现实在不断的权衡碰撞中逐步走向统一.EDAW公司通过不断向委托方、投资者、本地规划设计单位、公众阐述建设有特色的世界级旅游景点的规划思想,推进三个递进层次的规划设计,即东钱湖区域旅游概念性总体规划、东钱湖新镇总体规划、新镇中心规划设计,使规划理想得以实现.     

城乡统筹发展背景下县域镇村体系规划探讨——以广西扶绥县为例

城乡统筹是党的十六大提出的重要任务,也是实现科学发展观的首要任务,县域镇村体系规划是实现城乡统筹发展的重要手段。扶绥县域镇村体系规划作为广西境内单独编制的第一个县域镇村体系规划,以《广西壮族自治区县域镇村体系规划编制技术导则(暂行)》为指导,从规划深度、规划内容、发展战略及镇村职能体系、村庄布局等方面进行了有益的探索,以期对广西境内的县域镇村体系规划编制提供一些借鉴。     

Whiteness and Urban Planning

Abstract

Problem, research strategy, and findings: The ability of planning to address America’s urban problems of inequality, crime, housing, education, and segregation is hampered by a relative neglect of Whiteness and its role in shaping urban outcomes. We offer a justification for centering Whiteness within urban planning scholarship and practice that would examine its role shaping and perpetuating regional and racial injustices in the American city. The focus of planners, scholars, and public discourse on the “dysfunctions” of communities of color, notably poverty, high levels of segregation, and isolation, diverts attention from the structural systems that produce and reproduce the advantages of affluent and White neighborhoods. Planners and planning scholars frequently invoke a “legacy of injustice” with regard to concentrated poverty and disadvantage but not in regard to neighborhoods of White affluence. One is segregated and problematized and the other is idealized.

Takeaway for practice: Planners and planning scholars need to understand the role of Whiteness, in particular White affluence, to assess the potential impacts of planning interventions. Doing so will inform a wider range of planning approaches to problems of racial and spatial equity.     

大都市郊县村镇体系规划研究——以广州增城市为例

目前,我国总体上进入了以工促农、以城带乡和统筹城乡一体化发展的阶段。虽然县域村镇体系规划取代了传统的城镇体系规划,但由于区位、文化和经济基础的千差万别,县域村镇体系规划的编制内容和方法还需要进一步探讨。基于此,研究在分析村镇体系规划演变和大都市郊县发展特征的基础上,以广州市郊县增城市为例,提出与县域资源禀赋、大都市发展战略规划、大都市战略性发展平台规划、战略性基础设施规划、土地利用总体规划以及农村居民点发展实际相协调的观点,以期在大都市郊县村镇体系规划编制方面做出一些有益探索。     

Extension planning and the historic city: civic design strategies in the 1908–9 Copenhagen international competition

In shedding light on the 1908–9 competition for Greater Copenhagen this article examines the contest as an instrument for the accumulation and transmission of planning know‐how, ideas and innovations in relation to the development of town planning theory and practice in the Nordic Countries. Plans are considered as both technical and cultural graphics marks reflecting alternative and possibly contradictory images of the greater city or city of the future. The discussion focuses on the relationship between urban design's twin polarities: urban transformation and creation on the one hand; concern for conservation and urban continuity on the other. After considering the competition's international dimension, the article explores the civic art strand of design in northern Europe before 1914 and the idea of the historic city by investigating the conservation movement that flourished in Copenhagen when there were rapid changes in the physical fabric. The article, based on archive materials, analyses of awarded and non‐awarded entries alike, illustrates how architects, engineers and surveyors combined their design of the city's extensions with conservation schemes for both peripheries and centre. It is suggested that, at a time when Nordic municipal authorities were pressing for comprehensive town planning, planners strove to provide ways of protecting the existing built environment. This involved not only safeguarding an emerging ‘historic city’ in contrast to the new extensions, but also proposals for maintaining urban continuity in the peripheries.     

新型城镇化视角下对小城镇规划编制的思考--以江苏省徐州市为例

小城镇是城市与乡村的连接平台,是新型城镇化进程中的主力军,是实现城乡统筹发展的关键所在,完善的小城镇规划至关重要。然而,各小城镇在自然地理、社会经济、地域文化等方面存在差异,规划无统一衡量指标,需因地制宜地开展规划编制工作。通过论述徐州市小城镇规划存在的问题,分析城镇转型期规划编制的困境,提出规划引导,为做好小城镇规划编制工作提出对策、建议,以期为同类型小城镇规划发展提供借鉴和参考。