Architecturing large integrated complex information systems: an application to healthcare

The global enterprise-wide approaches help organizations to model and understand the enterprise key components and their relationships and manage the organizations’ transformations and change. However, many of these approaches lack of insights into how to manage complexities related to the multitude of applications developed in silos such as the various systems in health organizations that were designed independently from each other. This paper contributes to the solutions addressing this issue by proposing a methodology and tools to create foundations based on key components to help develop the information architecture at the heart of the enterprise architecture that can guarantee the evolution of the organization. These core components are a set of reusable Field Actions representing the non-contextual persistent information, a common canonical Corporate Conceptual Data Model capturing all the vital data in the organization, and Views or sub-schema of this global data model that represent information for different stakeholders in the organization. To show the effectiveness of the proposed approach and to gain more insights into its practical value, the architecturing approach is applied in the healthcare domain to create the information architecture and the enterprise architecture for the Quebec healthcare network.     

Data Architecture: Principles for Data

Data architecture principles guide the decision-making process about data and its related technologies through all levels in an organization, because they state an organization's values as well as guide product selection and implementation. For data, architecture principles are key in aligning the portfolio of enterprise data with business needs, form the basis for decisions regarding data, and define the processes for managing data through its life cycle within an enterprise. For data technologies, they are key in selecting products and define how these products are deployed and operate.     

Architecture analysis of enterprise systems modifiability: a metamodel for software change cost estimation

Enterprise architecture models can be used in order to increase the general understanding of enterprise systems and specifically to perform various kinds of analysis. The present paper proposes a metamodel for enterprise systems modifiability analysis, i.e. assessing the cost of making changes to enterprise-wide systems. The enterprise architecture metamodel is formalized using probabilistic relational models, which enables the combination of regular entity-relationship modeling aspects with means to perform enterprise architecture analysis. The content of the presented metamodel is validated based on survey and workshop data and its estimation capability is tested with data from 21 software change projects. To illustrate the applicability of the metamodel an instantiated architectural model based on a software change project conducted at a large Nordic transportation company is detailed.     

Justifying information Systems: Value Acquisition Versus Cost Reduction

Abstract

Data architecture principles guide the decision-making process about data and its related technologies through all levels in an organization, because they state an organization's values as well as guide product selection and implementation. For data, architecture principles are key in aligning the portfolio of enterprise data with business needs, form the basis for decisions regarding data, and define the processes for managing data through its life cycle within an enterprise. For data technologies, they are key in selecting products and define how these products are deployed and operate.     

基于共享基础数据的信息系统集成方案

为解决企业信息系统集成中跨系统数据访问难的问题,提出基于共享基础数据资源的企业信息基础设施建设的理论基础、整体框架和实施方案.通过分析企业各种应用系统中所涉及的共享基础数据,构建基于共享基础数据资源平台的企业信息系统整体框架,并简单介绍按此方法实施的一个企业信息化基础设施建设的实际例子.     

一种基于J2EE与XML的虚拟企业数据挖掘体系结构

虚拟企业在组织化、业务流程重组上具有高度的动态性。这就要求虚拟企业的数据挖掘系统的数据挖掘流程应具有快速的动态可重构性,传统的数据挖掘体系结构难于满足这种动态性要求。建立良好的数据挖掘体系结构是实现虚拟企业数据挖掘功能及性能的重要保证。该文结合J2EE与XML的优点,提出了一种基于J2EE与XML的虚拟企业数据挖掘体系结构,并对关键技术实现进行了分析。     

信息系统数据交换技术分析

数据交换是影响企业信息化管理发展的主要因素之一。它的目标是在异构环境(松散耦合、数据格式不同、跨平台、跨地域的分布环境)中实现数据的共享,从而有效地利用资源,提高整个信息系统的性能,加快信息系统之间的数据流通,实现数据的共享和集成。电力企业体系庞大,相关信息系统交互频繁,因此如何保证系统间的数据交换方便、快捷、安全、可靠执行,是电力企业信息部门的重要研究课题。本文以实现异构环境中数据交换为目标,详细分析论述了现有数据交换技术,并综合电力企业实际情况提出异构数据交换实现方案,对电力企业系统数据交换平台建设具有一定的参考价值。     

基于历史的服务与数据SOA架构研究

从企业信息系统发展的现状出发,结合面向服务架构的基本思想,提出一种使用历史信息统一管理企业服务和企业数据的架构．并对该架构的基本组成以及它能够带来的益处进行一定的阐述。     

An RM-ODP enterprise view for spatial data infrastructures

Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs) are large, open, distributed and standards-based information systems which intend to facilitate and promote the use of spatial data and spatial services on the Internet. Spatial data describe information tied with locations on Earth, while spatial services allow to manipulate spatial data following a Service Oriented Architecture. This paper proposes to model SDIs as federations of autonomous communities following the enterprise language of the ITU-T and ISO/IEC ‘Reference Model of Open Distributed Processing’ (RM-ODP), and the recently approved ‘Use of UML for ODP Systems Specifications’ (UML4ODP). The enterprise language of the RM-ODP provides a conceptual foundation to address several aspects of SDIs not previously considered from a systems architecture point of view. The use of UML4ODP provides a modeling language to facilitate the exchange of knowledge about SDI, and it is an opportunity to try this recent standard for a class of large and complex systems.     

公共物流供应链信息交换平台的设计与实现

为实现物流业务操作过程中供应链企业间快速、准确、低成本的信息交换,提出了构建公共物流供应链信息交换平台的解决方案.该平台基于面向服务的架构,以异构数据交换引擎、数据交换代理等技术,实现了供应链企业异构信息系统问端到端数据交换及零开发接入等服务功能.系统测试结果表明,该平台的功能及性能完全能够满足物流供应链企业信息交换的需要,系统具有良好的开放性及可伸缩性.     

数据仓库与数据挖掘的关系及其安全性问题

数据仓库与数据挖掘是当今新的技术热点,数据仓库是一种解决数据使用的高效技术,数据挖掘为之提供了更好的决策支持和服务,同时促进了数据仓库技术的发展。从数据仓库的相关技术和体系结构分析展开研究,分析了数据挖掘与数据仓库的关系,重点阐述了数据仓库的安全性问题,展望了数据仓库未来的研究方向。数据仓库和数据挖掘二者既相互结合、共同发展,又相互影响、相互促进。数据仓库越来越广泛地运用到各个领域中,成为企业获得竞争优势的关键武器。     

基于CORBA的广域数据交流系统的设计与实现

给出院 一个基于CORBA的新闻数据交流分布式系统的设计和实现，描述了使用CORBA开发分布式应用的方法与过程，也展示了CORBA在处理网络通信方面的特点。     

企业级数据仓库设计方法及其实施的关键因素研究

数据仓库是支持企业全局决策的有效技术．首先讨论了数据仓库的基本结构和组成，并给出了数据仓库系统的形式化描述；然后给出了基于软件工程思想的具有7个阶段的数据仓库设计方法，并详细讨论了各个阶段的主要工作和技术；最后，给出了成功建设数据仓库的关键因素的分类．     

数据仓库的联机维护与下查

提出了一种三层数据仓库体系结构,引入了“数据仓库基库”概念,不权使得传统数据库能够更容易地融入数据仓库系统,而且增强了整个系统的伸缩性。在此基础上,提出了３ＶＷＱ（Ｔｈｒｅｅ－Ｖｅｒｓｉｏｎ Ｗｉｔｈｏｕｔ Ｑｕｉｅｓｃｉｎｇ）算法来解决数据仓库的联机维护问题及其对下查的支持。该算法采用版本控制和补偿思想来协调数据库和数据仓库之间的数据更新,从而保证了联机维护与下查的一致性。     

基于Midrange平台的企业SOA集成框架设计

参照DoDAF企业架构设计标准,以Web服务作为互联企业上层集成架构、以Midrange中型系统作为底层集成架构,探讨如何应用SOA集成架构打破企业控制层与管理层、企业与企业间互通互联壁垒的新型管理模式和集成架构设计方法.论文通过案例分析和面向DoDAF V 2.0的系统视图-服务视图模型间的关系研究,提出一种基于Midrange平台的互联企业SOA集成架构层次框架,展示了Midrange平台在SOA企业集成架构中的优势.     

基于云计算的SOA企业架构设计

在企业信息系统开发中,如何将早期的遗留系统和彼此孤立的系统进行整合,以节省系统资源和提高运行效率,一直是软件行业不懈努力的一个方向。近年来出现的SOA和云计算技术从不同侧面解决了企业信息化面临的这些问题,但都有其不足之处,本文提出了一种在整体设计上采用SOA思想,具体实现上采用云计算技术的混合架构设计模式,在企业应用架构设计中具有很高的实用价值。     

Composing enterprise mashup components and services using architecture integration patterns

Enterprise mashups leverage various source of information to compose new situational applications. The architecture of such applications must address integration issues: it needs to deal with heterogeneous local and/or public data sources, and build value-added applications on existing corporate IT systems. In this paper, we leverage enterprise architecture integration patterns to compose reusable mashup components. We present a service oriented architecture that addresses reusability and integration needs for building enterprise mashup applications. Key techniques to customize this architecture are developed for mashups with themed data on location maps. The usage of this architecture is illustrated by a property valuation application derived from a real-world scenario. We demonstrate and discuss how this state-of-the-art architecture design method can be applied to enhance the design and development of emerging enterprise mashups.     

基于SEDA架构的异构数据库集成中间件系统

企业信息化过程中遗留下来大量异构数据源的应用系统,这些异构数据源在企业内部形成"信息孤岛",严重阻碍企业信息化进程.基于SEDA架构,采用中间件、缓存、负载均衡等技术,构建了一个异构数据库集成中间件系统,并在此基础上构建了一个便捷的数据库应用开发平台.使用该系统,在保护企业原有投资的同时,高效地解决了异构数据源的访问问题,企业能够在此基础上快捷地开发新的应用系统.     

e-Business systems integration: a systems perspective

Systems science has emerged as a meta-discipline and a meta-language, correspondingly, which can be applied to discuss issues in e-business systems and relevant enterprise architecture and enterprise integration. A lot of researches on enterprise architecture and enterprise integration in e-business systems have their theoretical findings and effective practices naturally influenced by systems theory and relative methodologies. This paper strives to review the contribution of systems theory to enterprise architecture and integration. It also tries to summarize methods or tools applied on enterprise systems level, and to investigate many crucial scopes, concepts and their interrelationship in e-business systems integration activities. Finally, this paper presents new prospects in enterprise architecture and integration for e-business systems. All of these may be useful to deal with the increase complex informatics issues of modern enterprises.     

支持业务过程重组和信息系统重构的企业建模

本文首先阐述了企业建模,业务过程重组（BRP）和信息系统重构的概念,并提出了企业建模与BPR以及信息系统重构之间的关系。然后通过详细分析传统企业建模方法的不足提出了“支持业务过程重组和信息系统重构的企业建模”的概念,并详细阐述了支持业务过程重组和信息系统重构的企业模型的主要内容及其建模体系,最后还介绍了基于上述模型的企业业务过程重组及信息系统重构的过程和步骤。