羽毛角蛋白/PVA复合纳米纤维膜的制备及表征

以羽毛角蛋白(FK)和聚乙烯醇(PVA)为原料,水为溶剂,通过静电纺丝技术制备了FK/PVA复合纳米纤维膜。探讨了复合纳米纤维中FK与PVA的相容性,研究了FK的添加对纤维膜微观形貌、结晶度、热稳定性、亲水性等性能的影响。SEM结果表明,在聚合物总质量分数为14%的条件下制备的FK/PVA复合纳米纤维,表面平整光滑,平均直径为250~320nm,FK含量越大,直径越小。FTIR结果表明,FK与PVA具有良好的相容性,分子间存在氢键作用力。XRD结果表明,FK的加入破坏了PVA分子的规整排列,复合纳米纤维膜的结晶度下降。TG分析与接触角测试结果表明,随着体系中FK配比的增大,复合纳米纤维膜的热稳定性和亲水性均得到提高。     

含有石墨烯和纳晶纤维素的聚氨酯复合纳米纤维

以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺/丙酮(DMF/CP)为混合溶剂,纳晶纤维素(NCC)辅助还原的氧化石墨烯(r GO)和热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)为原料,采用静电纺丝法制备了rGO/TPU复合纳米纤维,通过扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、激光粒度仪观察了rGO、NCC、复合纳米纤维膜的尺寸和形貌结构,并测试分析了纳米纤维膜的力学性能、热性能和亲水性。结果表明,当m(rGO)/m(TPU)=1.5/100时,复合纳米纤维表面光滑、直径均一,相应的复合纳米纤维膜断裂强度最大(31.98MPa),比纯TPU纳米纤维膜断裂强度(7.92 MPa)提高了303.79%。此外,随着rGO和NCC的加入,复合纳米纤维膜的热稳定性和亲水性增强。     

PVA基金属配合纳米纤维膜的制备及其性能研究

选用静电纺丝法制备的PVA纳米纤维毡为基体,与金属铜、铁离子发生配位反应,制备PVA基金属配合纳米纤维.采用原子吸收光谱分析仪研究了PVA纳米纤维膜吸附的金属离子含量,采用红外光谱(FT-IR)分析了PVA与金属离子的配合作用.同时研究了与金属离子配合对纳米纤维膜亲水性和力学性能的影响.实验结果表明,PVA纳米纤维与金...     

不同原料NCC对NCC/PVA复合膜性能的影响

分别以微晶纤维素、脱脂棉和漂白芦苇浆为原料,硫酸水解法制备纳米纤维素(NCC),与聚乙烯醇(PVA)简单共混流延成膜法制备NCC/PVA复合膜.m(NCC)/m总为7％时制备NCC/PVA复合膜,红外光谱分析结果表明复合膜中PVA分子链和NCC分子链间存在能提高两者相容性的氢键缔合作用力;热重分析结果表明复合膜的热稳定性与NCC热稳定性基本一致.扫描电子显微镜分析结果表明m(NCC)/m总为0.5％时制备NCC/PVA复合膜的表面和断面较为规整.3种原料中漂白芦苇浆NCC长径比最高(约为25),且m(NCC)/m总为0.5％时制备NCC/PVA复合膜拉伸强度最大,较PVA膜拉伸强度提高40.8％.3种原料NCC分别制备的3种NCC/PVA复合膜断裂伸长率,均较PVA膜断裂伸长率降低.随着m(NCC)/m总的增加,NCC/PVA复合膜透光率较PVA膜透光率降低;3种原料中微晶纤维素NCC/PVA复合膜透光率较PVA膜透光率降低最小.     

静电纺丝制备PEI/PVA纳米纤维膜负载甘草酸的研究

通过静电纺丝技术制备了聚乙烯亚胺/聚乙烯醇(PEI/PVA)复合纳米纤维,并用戊二醛作为交联剂使其疏水化,然后在交联后的PEI/PVA复合纤维膜上修饰了甘草酸。利用傅里叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对PEI/PVA交联前后的复合纤维膜以及甘草酸修饰的PEI/PVA复合纳米纤维膜分别进行了表征。SEM结果表明,交联后的纳米纤维形貌均匀且有明显的结节,而交联前和甘草酸修饰后的纳米纤维,表面光滑均匀,形貌没有发生明显的变化,且甘草酸修饰后的纤维直径在400~600nm之间。FT-IR表明利用静电纺丝技术可以制备甘草酸修饰的PEI/PVA复合纳米材料,利用此纤维材料,可以进一步的应用于肝癌的早期诊断和检测。     

聚乙烯醇/海藻酸钠复合纳米纤维膜的制备和交联改性

采用静电纺丝技术制备聚乙烯醇/海藻酸钠复合纳米纤维膜,利用氯化钙乙醇溶液进行交联改性。研究复合纳米纤维制备、交联工艺对材料表面形貌、耐水性、热性能等的影响。结果表明:纳米纤维直径在200~500nm之间,纤维平均直径随海藻酸钠含量的增大而增大,复合纳米纤维结晶度随海藻酸钠含量的增大而降低,热稳定性随海藻酸钠含量的增大而下降。交联改性后复合纳米纤维材料耐水性提高,纤维形貌保持,纤维之间粘结增多,材料不发生熔融相转变,热稳定性下降。     

TiO2改性静电纺复合超滤膜抗污染性能的研究

膜污染是制约超滤膜广泛使用的最重要因素之一,膜污染直接影响到膜的使用寿命及膜的分离性能.本文采用静电纺丝技术制备了PET/PVA纳米纤维复合超滤膜,通过溶剂浸泡处理复合膜,将PVA纳米纤维层溶胀并交联,形成具有抗污染性能的PVA表面致密层结构,所制备的复合纳米纤维超滤膜具有水通量损失率小、通量恢复率高的优点.通过在PVA中添加不同质量分数的TiO2进一步改善膜的亲水性和抗污染性能.使用死端过滤系统过滤10 mg/L腐殖酸溶液,测试结果表明:复合膜的分离性能和抗污染性能在一定范围内随着TiO2的增加而增大.亲水性TiO2的添加能够进一步增强PVA的亲水性,对复合膜抗污染性能的提高有重要作用.但是,TiO2的添加也会增大膜表面的粗糙度,不利于膜抗污染性能的提高,因此,TiO2有一个合宜的添加限度.     

聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖共混膜的制备及表征

用溶液共混法制备聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖(PVA/CS)共混膜,对共混膜进行了IR、DSC表征和吸水率、透光率、力学性能等进行测定.结果表明: PVA与CS分子链间在共混膜中有一定的相互作用,相容性好;CS的引入有利于改善PVA的吸水性、透光率和综合力学性能,但热稳定性有所降低.     

PBT/PVA复合纳米纤维膜的制备及性能研究

通过将聚乙烯醇(PVA)与聚对苯二甲丁二醇酯(PBT)不同比例混合进行静电纺丝,对所得PBT/PVA复合纳米纤维膜通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、单轴拉伸测试以及水接触角测试进行了表征。结果显示:PBT/PVA混合溶液的可纺性和所得纤维膜形貌随PVA含量增加而变化;纯PBT纳米纤维膜表现为较低的力学性能和疏水性(水接触角为135°),而少量PVA的混入(PBT/PVA=20/1或10/1)可以有效提高所得纤维膜力学性能和亲水性,尤其10/1的PBT/PVA复合纤维膜在力学性能提高的同时表现为超亲水特性(水接触为0°)。     

静电纺丝制备聚乙烯醇/再生柞蚕丝素蛋白复合纳米纤维

将聚乙烯醇(PVA)与再生柞蚕丝素蛋白(RWSF)共混,通过静电纺丝技术制备了PVA/RWSF复合纳米纤维,在保持材料降解性能和力学强度不变的前提下,获得了具有生物活性的表面。应用正交法优选出PVA/RWSF复合纳米纤维的最佳制备工艺参数。扫描电镜观察到,各组电纺膜中纤维的形貌较好,不同参数条件下纤维的直径和均匀程度有较大差别;方差分析表明,静电纺丝过程中纺丝液浓度、PVA/RWSF质量比和纺丝电压对纤维均匀性的影响显著;结合后期验证性实验确定PVA/RWSF复合纳米纤维最佳电纺参数为电纺液浓度0.09 g/mL、PVA/RWSF质量比90/10、纺丝电压18kV、推进速度1.5mL/h、接收距离14cm,此时制备的纤维均一、纤细,重复性好。     

Release of lysozyme from electrospun PVA/lysozyme-gelatin scaffolds

This article describes an electrospinning process in fabricating ultra fine fibers with core-shell structure. A biodegradable polymer, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), was used as the shell; lysozyme was a kind of antioxidant; and gelatin were used as the core.Morphology and microstructure of the ultra fine fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. As a comparison, composite nanofiber PVA/lysozyme-gelatin blend was prepared by a normal electrospinning process. In vitro drug release behaviors of the nanofibrous membranes were determined in phosphatebuffered saline (PBS) solution. It was found that core-shell nanofibers PVA/lysozyme-gelatin obviously exhibit higher initial release rates compared to that of PVA/lysozymegelatin blend nanofibers. The current method may find wide application in controlled release of bioactive proteins and tissue engineering.     

PVA纳米纤维的水稳定性与夹心净化材料的制备

聚乙烯醇(PVA)的水溶液通过静电纺丝,可以生成直径均匀的纳米纤维,但纤维的水稳定性较差,用于液体过滤时一般需进行预处理。文中采用热处理的方法提高PVA纳米纤维的水稳定性。测试结果表明,热处理后的PVA纳米纤维结晶度有所增加;在150℃热处理10min后纤维的结晶度最大,增加了12%。处理后的纤维在水中不溶解,只发生凝集和膨胀。通过热压技术将PVA纳米纤维制成夹心净化材料,当纤维密度为5g/m2时,该夹心材料对粒径1μm的PS微球的过滤效率为95.50±1.83%。     

AZO@C柔性纳米纤维的制备与性能

以聚乙烯醇(PVA)为原料,成功制备了新型掺铝氧化锌包覆碳结构(AZO@C)的柔性纳米纤维。首先通过静电纺丝制备PVA初生纳米纤维,经过热处理工艺提高纳米纤维的耐水性,然后采用水热合成法在其表面包覆一层锌铝氢氧化物,再经过在500℃高温条件下烧结,PVA表面包覆的锌铝氢氧化物发生脱水反应形成致密的掺铝氧化锌(AZO)纳米粒子,同时PVA纳米纤维在高温煅烧中被炭化,形成一种新型AZO@C纳米复合材料。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、热重分析仪(TGA)、扫描电镜(SEM)等对纳米纤维结构与性能进行测试及表征,AZO@C纳米纤维的平均直径为(320±45)nm。并通过太阳光下降解甲基橙实验证明了AZO@C柔性纳米纤维的光催化降解性能。     

Release of lysozyme from electrospun PVA/lysozyme-gelatin scaffolds

This article describes an electrospinning process in fabricating ultra fine fibers with core-shell structure. A biodegradable polymer, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), was used as the shell; lysozyme was a kind of antioxidant; and gelatin were used as the core. Morphology and microstructure of the ultra fine fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. As a comparison, composite nanofiber PVA/lysozyme-gelatin blend was prepared by a normal electrospinning process. In vitro drug release behaviors of the nanofibrous membranes were determined in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution. It was found that core-shell nanofibers PVA/lysozyme-gelatin obviously exhibit higher initial release rates compared to that of PVA/lysozyme-gelatin blend nanofibers. The current method may find wide application in controlled release of bioactive proteins and tissue engineering.     

Effect of graphene oxide nanosheets on the physico-mechanical properties of chitosan/bacterial cellulose nanofibrous composites

In this work, novel chitosan/bacterial cellulose (CS/BC) nanofibrous composites reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets are introduced. As cell attachment and permeability of nanofibrous membranes highly depend on their fiber diameter, the working window for successful electrospinning to attain sound nanofibrous composites with a minimum fiber diameter was determined by using the response surface methodology. It is shown that the addition of GO nanosheets to CS/BC significantly reduces the average size of the polymeric fibers. Their mechanical properties are also influenced and can be tailored by the concentration of GO. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reveals hydrogen bonding between the GO nanosheets and the polymer matrix. A decrease in the hydrophilicity of the electrospun nanofibers and their water vapor permeability with the addition of GO are also reported. The prepared nanofibrous composites are potentially suitable candidates for biomedical applications such as skin tissue engineering and wound dressing.     

静电纺丝法制备MWNTs/聚胺醚复合纳米纤维

用静电纺丝法制备MWNTs/聚胺醚复合纳米纤维,将收集到的无纺布通过SEM观察其微观形貌,并用Image-Pro Plus 6.0软件测量纤维的直径;分别用TG和XRD测试了复合纤维的热性能和结晶行为。结果表明,MWNTs含量较多的纺丝溶液受到的电场力较大,比较容易得到纤维,且得到的纤维直径较细;MWNTs含量为1%时溶液的可纺浓度为30%～34%;TGA分析表明,随碳管含量增加复合纳米纤维的热稳定性提高;XRD分析表明,碳管较好地分散于聚胺醚中。     

Synthesis and morphology of electrospun PVA/PLZT composite and single phase PLZT nanofibers

Polyvinyl alcohol/lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PVA/PLZT) composite nanofibers were prepared by the electrospinning method. The PLZT sol was prepared by using lead acetate trihydrate, titanium isopropoxide and zirconium propoxide molecular precursors based on sol-gel procedure. The influence of applied voltage, flow rate and needle-to-collector distance on the composite fiber morphology and diameters has been studied. The nanofibers were characterized by X-ray diffraction, TGA-DSC, FTIR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Single phase with perovskite structures PLZT nanofibers were also obtained by calcining the PVA/PLZT nanofibrous mat at 650 °C for 2 h. A linear correlation was observed between the single perovskite phase evolution and the calcination temperature.     

Electrospun single-walled carbon nanotube/polyvinyl alcohol composite nanofibers: structure-property relationships

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers and single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT)/PVA composite nanofibers have been produced by electrospinning. An apparent increase in the PVA crystallinity with a concomitant change in its main crystalline phase and a reduction in the crystalline domain size were observed in the SWNT/PVA composite nanofibers, indicating the occurrence of a SWNT-induced nucleation crystallization of the PVA phase. Both the pure PVA and SWNT/PVA composite nanofibers were subjected to the following post-electrospinning treatments: (i) soaking in methanol to increase the PVA crystallinity, and (ii) cross-linking with glutaric dialdehyde to control the PVA morphology. Effects of the PVA morphology on the tensile properties of the resultant electrospun nanofibers were examined. Dynamic mechanical thermal analyses of both pure PVA and SWNT/PVA composite electrospun nanofibers indicated that SWNT-polymer interaction facilitated the formation of crystalline domains, which can be further enhanced by soaking the nanofiber in methanol and/or cross-linking the polymer with glutaric dialdehyde.     

Fabrication and characterization of hybrid nanofibers from poly(vinyl alcohol), milk protein and metal carbonates

Porous three dimensional nanofibrous membranes were fabricated from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), milk protein and inorganic salts such as calcium carbonate (CaCO3) or magnesium carbonate (MgCO3). Microscopic investigations showed that the fibers have smooth morphology with an average diameter of 300-500 nm and a surface area of 5.29 m2g(-1). Thermal analysis of the composite nanofibers showed a decrease in glass transition temperature as compared to PVA nanofiber. Incorporation of CaCO3 and MgCO3 into the nanofiber matrix was confirmed by energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The cytocompatibility of electrospun composite nanofiber sheets was evaluated using human lung fibroblasts (IMR-90). There was an increase in cell attachment and cell density on milk protein incorporated to PVA-CaCO3 and PVA-MgCO3 fibers within a week of cell seeding. The cytocompatibility and increase in cell adhesion property of the hybrid nanofiber may provide significant advantages for such materials in biomedical applications.     

静电纺纤维素纳米晶体/壳聚糖-聚乙烯醇复合纳米纤维的制备与表征

通过探索纤维素纳米晶体（CNC）添加量对壳聚糖-聚乙烯醇（CS-PVA）基体性能的影响,为静电纺CNC/CS-PVA复合纳米纤维的制备提供理论支撑。以CNC、CS和PVA为原料,采用静电纺丝法成功制备不同CNC含量（质量分数）的静电纺CNC/CS-PVA复合纳米纤维,并通过SEM、TGA和FTIR等分析手段对CNC/CS-PVA复合纳米纤维的微观结构和性能进行了表征。结果表明：添加CNC后静电纺CNC/CS-PVA复合纳米纤维直径变大,表面变粗糙,力学性能和热学性能提高;随着CNC含量的增加,静电纺CNC/CS-PVA纤维的杨氏模量（E）和抗拉强度（σ）先增强后减弱,而外延起始温度继续上升。当CNC含量为3wt%时,静电纺CNC/CS-PVA复合纳米纤维力学性能最好,相比于CS-PVA复合纳米纤维,E和σ分别提高了43.9%和24.8%;当CNC含量为20wt%时,静电纺CNC/CS-PVA复合纳米纤维直径分布不均匀,可以观察到单根纤维表面存在少量的球状结构物质,同时外延起始温度达到328.83℃;FTIR分析得出,CNC与CS和PVA之间只存在分子间的相互作用而没有发生化学反应;随着溶液的酸性减弱,碱性增强,不同CNC含量的静电纺CNC/CS-PVA复合纳米纤维稳定性逐渐提高,而CNC含量对其稳定性影响不大。