BN对Sialon复相陶瓷性能的影响

本文分析讨论了不同 BN 含量对热压 BN-Sialon 复相陶瓷材料力学性能及热学性能的影响。结果表明,BN 粉末的加入极大地提高了 Sialon 陶瓷的抗热震性,并使材料的高温强度有所提高。     

抗热震陶瓷研究进展

简单介绍了陶瓷材料抗热震性的评价方法，分析了陶瓷材料改善陶瓷抗热震性途径，综述了各种抗热震陶瓷的性能以及主要用途。     

BN对Sialon复相陶瓷性能的影响

本文分析讨论了不同ＢＮ含量对热压ＢＮ－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ复相陶瓷材料力学性能及热学性能的影响。结果表明，ＢＮ粉末的加入极大地提高了Ｓｉａｌｏｎ陶瓷的抗热震性，并使材料的高温强度有所提高。     

反应烧结Si／SiC复相陶瓷的的高温性能

研制的Ｓｉ／ＳｉＣ复相陶瓷强度达到３００～５００ＭＰａ，随温度升高，材料高温强度和韧性显著提高，１２００℃强韧性达最大值。高温性能研究表明，这种材料具有良好的抗热震性、抗熔盐腐蚀性能和抗氧化性。通过控制硅含量和合金化处理，能够大范围调探材料高温电导性能。研究结果表明，反应烧结Ｓｉ／ＳｉＣ复相陶瓷制备工艺简单，成本低，在１３５０℃以下性能优良，是一种应用领域广泛、适于大规模工业化生产的工程陶瓷材料。     

可加工复相陶瓷材料的研究现状与发展

介绍可加工复相陶瓷的研究发展现状。着重介绍可加工BN系复相陶瓷的研究现状与发展。主要论述可加工BN系复相陶瓷的制备工艺过程及力学性能和可加工性能等。对可加工复相陶瓷材料的研究发展方向作分析和预测。     

陶瓷材料抗热震性研究进展

阐明了陶瓷材料抗热震性研究的重要意义，系统总结了脆性陶瓷抗震性的评价理论，热震断裂机制和设计制造高抗热震陶瓷材料的新近研究成果，并由此得出制作高抗热震陶瓷材料的工程技术途径。     

高强隔热刚玉-镁铝尖晶石-莫来石多孔陶瓷材料的制备

以氧化铝、石英粉和电熔镁砂为主要原料,以纸浆废液为结合剂,通过原位反应烧结制备复相高强隔热陶瓷,研究MgO添加量对所制备多孔陶瓷的显气孔率、抗折强度、耐压强度和抗热震性能的影响。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和电子万能试验机对材料的物相组成、显微结构和力学性能进行表征,并对多孔陶瓷的显气孔率和抗热震性能进行测试。结果表明:5%(质量分数)电熔镁砂与氧化铝、石英粉在1450℃下原位反应烧结3h可制备得到刚玉-镁铝尖晶石-莫来石多孔复相陶瓷,耐压强度达270.25MPa,抗折强度超过45MPa,同时显气孔率达26.46%,常温导热系数为1.469W·m^-1·K^-1,隔热性能良好,且3次热震后的残余抗折强度保持率超过27%,是极具应用前景的工业窑炉内衬材料。其中MgO含量变化会直接影响该多孔陶瓷三相组成、相形态、气孔孔径及分布,使得多孔陶瓷抗折强度、耐压强度和抗热震性能呈现非单调变化的规律。     

Al2O3-TiC复合陶瓷切削刀具的研制

以Al2O3 -TiC复合陶瓷为对象,对其配方组成、制备工艺、显微结构及刀具成型工艺、切削性能等进行了研究试验,认为工程陶瓷材料(尤其是氧化铝基陶瓷材料)用作切削刀具材料的关键在于提高其强度与韧性.结果表明:Al2O3-TiC复合并引入适量的金属相,辅之以细晶强化、热压烧结等手段,将有效提高其强度与韧性,改善其抗热震性能,并在此基础上研制出了具有较强适应性的ATM复合陶瓷刀具.     

可加工三元层状导电陶瓷Ti3SiC2的研究进展

TbSiC2陶瓷材料具有良好的综合性能,如极好的导电、导热能力,优良的可加工性,高的抗氧化性、耐化学腐蚀性,出色的抗热震性、高温强度和高温塑性,良好的自润滑性等。本文从结构、性能以及制备方法等方面对国内外层状陶瓷Ti3SiC2如的研究进行了综述,并对其应用前景进行展望。     

微裂纹复相陶瓷材料的抗热震机制

简要评述了材料内自发微裂纹对抗热震性能的影响及理论评价误差,定性分析了微裂纹化复相材料的抗热震行为机制。     

Investigation of the physical and mechanical properties of hot-pressed machinable Si3N4/h-BN composites and FGM

A new design method of machinable ceramic composites was proposed, which applies the graded-structure concept to the design of machinable Si₃N₄ ceramics. Silicon nitride/hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) ceramic composites and functionally graded materials were fabricated by hot pressing at 1750 °C for 2 h, varying the alignment of the amount of hexagonal BN using powder layering method. The improved machinability of Si₃N₄/h-BN composite can be attributed to addition of layered structure hexagonal BN. Hexagonal BN possesses excellent cleavage planes perpendicular to the c-axis. Ease of machining depends on degree of crystal interlocking; hence volume content of h-BN crystals and their aspect ratio affect machinability. The texture of h-BN and β-Si₃N₄ was observed during hot pressing sintering. Physical and mechanical properties of Si₃N₄/h-BN with different content of h-BN were investigated, such as bulk density, Vickers's hardness, flexural strength, and elastic modulus. All of these properties are important for the design of the machinable Si₃N₄/h-BN FGM (Functionally Graded Materials).     

Fabrication and characterization of machinable Si3N4/h-BN functionally graded materials

A new design method of machinable ceramic composites was proposed, which applies the graded-structure concept to the design of machinable Si₃N₄ ceramics. Silicon nitride/hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) functionally graded materials (FGMs) were fabricated by hot pressing at 1750°C for 2 h, varying the alignment of the amount of hexagonal BN using powder layering method. The improved machinability of Si₃N₄/h-BN composite can be attributed to addition of layered structure hexagonal BN. Hexagonal BN possesses excellent cleavage planes perpendicular to the c-axis. Ease of machining depends on degree of crystal interlocking; hence volume content of h-BN crystals and their aspect ratio affect machinability. Such design can improve the machinability of composite, and at the same time can make the mechanical properties of Si₃N₄ ceramic not to be sacrificed too much. The texture of h-BN and β-Si₃N₄ was observed during hot pressing sintering.     

AlN添加量对BN基复合陶瓷热学性能与抗热震性的影响

以BN、SiO₂、AlN为原料, 采用热压工艺制备出BN基复合陶瓷。研究了AlN添加量对复合陶瓷热学与抗热震性能的影响。结果表明: 随着AlN添加量的增加, 复合陶瓷的热膨胀系数呈现先降低后升高的趋势。当AlN的添加量为5vol%时, 复合陶瓷的平均热膨胀系数最小, 为2.22×10^-6/K; 复合陶瓷的热导率则随着AlN添加量的增加呈先升高后降低的趋势, 当AlN的添加量为10vol%时达到最大值。未添加AlN的复合陶瓷热震后的残余强度随着热震温差的增大而升高; 随着AlN的引入, 复合陶瓷热震后的残余强度呈下降的趋势。对于添加5vol%AlN的复合陶瓷, 经1100℃热震后其残余强度为219.7 MPa, 强度保持率为88.9%, 抗热震性良好。     

Thermal shock resistance of ultra-high temperature ceramics including the effects of thermal environment and external constraints

The thermal shock resistance of ceramics depends on the materials mechanical and thermal properties, also is affected by component geometry and external factors and so on. Therefore, the thermal shock resistance of ceramic materials is the comprehensive performance of their mechanical and thermal properties corresponding to the various heat conditions and external constraints. In the present work, a thermal shock resistance model of the ultra-high temperature ceramics which considered the effects of thermal environment and constraints was established. With this model, the influence of constraints on the thermal shock resistance and critical fracture temperature difference had been studied and an effective idea to improve thermal shock resistance for ceramic material and structure was found. Furthermore, the model was validated by finite element method.     

掺杂改性C/C复合材料研究进展

陶瓷掺杂改性碳/碳(C/C)复合材料在保持C/C复合材料原有优异高温力学性能及尺寸稳定性等特性的前提下,显著提高了C/C复合材料的高温抗氧化、抗烧蚀性能,且其具有可设计性和良好的抗热震性能等优势,是新型高超声速飞行器和新一代高性能发动机热防护部件的理想候选材料。综述了国内外在SiC陶瓷掺杂改性C/C复合材料,ZrC,ZrB2超高温陶瓷掺杂改性C/C复合材料以及TaC,HfC超高温陶瓷掺杂改性C/C复合材料等方面的最新研究进展和应用情况,并分析了陶瓷掺杂改性C/C复合材料目前研究及应用中存在的主要问题和今后潜在的研究发展方向。     

陶瓷-金属双连续相复合材料的发展现状与未来

陶瓷-金属双连续相复合材料作为一种采用空间连续网络构型设计的复合材料,具有耐摩擦磨损、抗热震性高、热膨胀系数低等特点,具有广阔的应用前景.其中,多孔陶瓷预制体作为双连续相复合材料中的结构增强相,其本征特性对复合材料的整体性能有重要影响.本文系统分析了现阶段在多孔陶瓷的制备方法与表面改性两个领域内的主要进展,并对陶瓷-金...     

碳化锆陶瓷复合材料的制备、显微组织与性能

碳化锆(ZrC)陶瓷复合材料具有熔点高、密度低、耐烧蚀的优点, 在超硬、航天防热、新能源等领域应用前景广阔。本文概述了ZrC金属陶瓷和复相陶瓷、纤维增强ZrC复合材料的制备方法。着重介绍了粉末烧结、先驱体转化、反应浸渗等工艺的应用, 并讨论了不同制备工艺下复合材料显微组织的特点。在总结两类材料力学性能和烧蚀性能的基础上, 分析了各自的影响因素, 并指出ZrC金属陶瓷和复相陶瓷韧性低, 纤维增强ZrC复合材料烧蚀层易剥落的问题。最后总结展望了ZrC陶瓷复合材料相关研究的发展趋势。     

Erhöhung der Thermoschockbeständigkeit von Sinterglas und Keramik über das Verbundwerkstoffkonzept

Increasing the Thermal Shock Resistance of Sintered Glass and Ceramics by the Composite Materials Concept The thermal shock resistance of brittle materials such as glass and ceramics is one of their weaknesses. Pores and above all incorporated second phases in these materials alter these properties which are decisive for thermal shock behavior, and may therefore increase this behavior in a precalculable manner. The present paper will first theoretically demonstrate when and why porosity leads to an improvement in thermal shock resistance. The thermal shock resistance for porous borosilicate sintered glass and porous eutectic calcium titanate ceramic are calculated and compared to experimental values. They confirm

• that low porosities lead to an improvement in thermal shock resistance
• that the thermal shock resistance has a maximum at a certain porosity and
• that above certain porosities the presence of pores deteriorates the thermal shock resistance.

If one considers porous materials as a special case of composite materials then relations valid for composite materials can be transferred to porous materials (“composite material concept”) and viceversa. This is investigated using the examples of borosilicate sintered glass with incorporated antimony particles and eutectic calcium titanate ceramic with incorporated paladium particles. In the case of the glass-antimony composite material, improvements in thermal shock resistance of about 15% with 10 vol% antimony incorporation were calculated and confirmed experimentally, while for calcium titanate-paladium composite materials a 15% improvement in thermal shock resistance was already achieved with about 5 vol% of the metallic phase.     

氧化铝基陶瓷复合材料的阻力曲线行为及其抗热震性能

采用压痕-弯曲强度法获得了Al₂O₃-SiC_W和Al₂O₃-TiC_P陶瓷基复合材料的裂纹扩展阻力曲线(R-曲线),并测试了材料的抗热震性能,分析了材料的阻力曲线行为与其抗热震性能之间的内在联系。结果表明:材料的阻力曲线行为与抗热震性之间存在明显的相关性。热震引起材料强度的下降幅度与其阻力曲线的陡峭程度及上升幅度有关。阻力曲线越陡峭,上升幅度越大,抗热震性也越好。其中Al₂O₃-SiC_W复合材料显示出更为优越的抗裂纹扩展能力与抗热震性能。扫描电镜观察及理论分析显示:晶须的拔出与桥联补强增韧机制是产生这一现象的主要原因。     

Theoretical and experimental considerations on the thermal shock resistance of sintered glasses and ceramics using modelled microstructure-property correlations

The thermal shock resistance of brittle materials such as glass and ceramics is one of their weaknesses. Pores and other incorporated second phases in these materials alter these properties which are decisive for thermal shock behaviour, and may therefore increase this behaviour in a precalculable manner. It has been theoretically demonstrated when and why porosity leads to an improvement in thermal shock resistance. The thermal shock resistance for porous borosilicate sintered glass and porous eutectic calcium titanate ceramic have been calculated and compared to experimental values. The results confirm that low porosities lead to an improvement in thermal shock resistance, that the thermal shock resistance has a maximum at a certain porosity, and that above certain porosities, the presence of pores deteriorates the thermal shock resistance. If porous materials are considered as a special case of composite materials, then relations valid for porous materials can be transferred to composite materials and vice versa (composite concept). This has been investigated using the examples of borosilicate sintered glass with incorporated antimony particles and eutectic calcium titanate ceramic with incorporated paladium particles. In the case of the glass-antimony composite material, improvements in thermal shock resistance of about 15% with 10 vol % antimony incorporation, were calculated and confirmed experimentally, while for calcium titanate-palladium composite materials, a 15% improvement in thermal shock resistance was already achieved with about 5 vol % metallic phase.Deceased.