用Timoshenko梁修正理论研究功能梯度材料梁的动力响应

采用Timoshenko梁修正理论研究了功能梯度材料梁的动力响应问题,利用静力方程确定了功能梯度材料梁的中性轴位置,在此基础上应用Timoshenko梁修正理论建立了功能梯度材料梁的振动方程,求得其自振频率表达式及其在简谐荷载作用下强迫振动的解析解。讨论分析了中性面位置、梯度指数等因素对功能梯度材料梁的动力响应的影响,并用有限元法验证了Timoshenko梁修正理论。通过实例计算,得到了中性轴位置对功能梯度材料梁动力响应有较大影响的结论。     

一阶剪切理论下功能梯度梁与均匀梁静态解之间的相似关系

基于一阶剪切理论,研究了功能梯度材料Timoshenko 梁的静态弯曲解与对应的均匀材料梁的解的线性转换关系。通过比较功能梯度材料梁和均匀材料梁的无量纲控制方程,发现了它们弯曲解的线性相关性。在给定材料弹性模量沿横向非均匀变化规律后,可将功能梯度材料Timoshenko 梁在静载荷作用下的弯曲变形解用相同尺寸、相同载荷以及相同边界条件下的均匀材料Timoshenko 梁的弯曲变形解线性表示。这样,可将非均匀Timoshenko 梁弯曲问题的求解转化为对应的均匀材料Timoshenko 梁弯曲问题的求解和转换系数的计算,从而使得求解过程得以简化。     

用Timoshenko梁修正理论研究泡沫金属铝合金梁的动力响应

采用Timoshenko梁修正理论研究了泡沫金属铝合金梁的动力响应问题。应用Timoshenko梁修正理论建立了泡沫金属铝合金梁的振动方程,求得了其自振频率表达式及其在简谐荷载作用下强迫振动的解析解。通过实例计算,把球形泡沫铝合金梁与其它泡沫铝合金梁进行了对比分析,得出了球形泡沫金属铝合金梁的动力性能优于其它泡沫铝合金梁的动力性能。     

轴向运动功能梯度Timoshenko梁稳定性分析

由Hamilton原理建立轴向运动功能梯度Timoshenko梁运动微分方程组,通过引入新未知函数,将方程组化为该函数的四阶偏微分方程。用WDQ法获得简支FGM Timoshenko梁特征方程及复频率与轴向运动速度变化关系。分析梁随轴向运动速度变化的失稳形式,并与均质材料梁进行比较。分析梯度指标、梁长高比对FGM Timoshenko梁动力稳定性影响。     

黏弹性Pasternak地基上两跨连续Timoshenko梁横向自振特性分析

以黏弹性Pasternak地基上的Timoshenko梁为研究对象，研究其在两端简支、两端固支、简支-固支边界条件下的单跨地基梁及两跨连续地基梁(等跨和不等跨两种工况)的自振频率、衰减系数和模态。基于回传射线矩阵法，根据各种约束条件下的节点耦合条件，推导横向振动频率方程，通过观察两跨连续地基梁与单跨地基梁的频率方程，并通过具体算例，研究两跨连续地基梁与单跨地基梁自振频率之间的联系与区别，进一步给出前三阶模态。结果表明：两等跨连续地基梁自振频率方程可分为两个部分，且这两部分分别与两端简支和简支-固支边界条件下单跨地基梁的频率方程形式类同；其奇数阶自振频率与两端简支边界条件下单跨地基梁的偶数阶自振频率相等，而其偶数阶自振频率则与两端固支边界条件下单跨地基梁的偶数阶自振频率相同；不等跨的两跨连续Timoshenko地基梁的模态函数曲线幅值随阶数的增加降低最快。     

热冲击下轴向运动FGM梁的自由振动分析

基于Timoshenko梁理论研究两端夹紧、一端夹紧一端简支、两端简支三种不同边界条件下的轴向运动功能梯度材料(FGM)梁在热冲击载荷作用下的自由振动响应。利用Hamilton原理推导热冲击下轴向运动FGM梁的自由振动控制微分方程,并采用分离变量法求解一维热传导方程。通过微分求积法(DQM)在梁的长度方向进行离散,将原方程转化为四阶广义特征值问题,求解FGM梁自由振动的无量纲固有频率并进行特性分析。考虑了不同热冲击载荷,不同梯度指数和不同轴向运动无量纲速度对FGM梁自振频率的影响。结果表明:热冲击载荷越大,对降低FGM梁的固有频率的效果越明显;在轴向运动速度和热流输入不改变的情况下,逐渐增大材料梯度指数会使FGM梁的固有频率随之减小;FGM梁对热冲击短时间内有减缓作用,相对于均匀材料一阶失稳所需时间更长,受到热冲击的FGM梁在轴向运动时也更快达到失稳状态。     

考虑尺度依赖的平面正交各向异性功能梯度微梁的自由振动分析

基于一种新修正偶应力理论建立了微尺度平面正交各向异性功能梯度梁的自由振动模型。模型中包含两个材料尺度参数,能够分别描述两个正交方向上不同程度的尺度效应。当梁的几何尺寸远大于材料尺度参数时,本文模型亦可自动退化为相应的传统宏观模型。基于哈密顿原理推导了运动控制方程并以简支梁的自由振动为例分析了几何尺寸、功能梯度变化指数等对尺度效应产生的影响。算例结果表明:采用本文模型所预测的梁自振频率总是大于传统理论的结果,即捕捉到了尺度效应。尺度效应会随着梁几何尺寸的增大而逐渐减弱并在几何尺寸远大于尺度参数时消失;高阶自振频率所体现出的尺度效应较低阶自振频率更加明显。此外,功能梯度变化指数对尺度效应也有一定的影响。     

基于压弯耦合效应下预应力梁的竖向自由振动研究

基于大位移广义变分原理,考虑梁的压弯耦合、剪切应变能和转动惯量的影响,建立了预应力梁的不完全广义势能泛函,通过对位移变分,推导出预应力梁自由振动微分方程。并以预应力混凝土简支梁和悬臂梁为例,通过引入边界条件,求出了自由振动频率的解答。对比Bernoulli-Eular梁和Timoshenko梁,详细分析了轴向荷载、剪切效应和转动惯量对自振频率的影响,研究发现,轴向压力荷载可使梁的自振频率降低,反之增大。剪切变形的影响约为转动惯量的3倍,随着主模态阶数的增加和长细比L/r的减小,轴向荷载、剪切变形和转动惯量的影响非常显著。因此,对于预应力混凝土梁,当跨高比L/h≤8,或长细比L/r≤28时,必须考虑轴向荷载、剪切变形和转动惯量的影响,通过与Bernoulli-Eular梁和Timoshenko梁的精确解相比较,证明该文的解答是正确的。     

考虑剪切变形影响的斜梁桥自振频率的解析方法

斜梁桥振动频率没有显式解,给使用《公路桥涵设计通用规范》方法计算冲击系数带来不便。考虑斜梁桥振动时的弯扭耦合效应,分别采用修正的Timoshenko梁理论建立其弯曲振动的动态刚度矩阵,采用Saint-Venant扭转理论建立其自由扭转振动的动态刚度矩阵,结合斜支承边界条件,导出斜支承坐标系下的动态刚度矩阵,提取弯矩-转角的刚度方程,根据其奇异条件建立关于斜梁桥自振频率的超越方程,采用二分法对超越方程进行求解以得到自振频率。该文分析了一座标准A型单跨斜箱梁桥考虑与不考虑剪切变形影响时的前5阶振动频率随斜交角的变化,比较了正交简支初等梁和正交简支深梁、斜支初等梁和斜支深梁的前5阶频率。结果显示:斜梁桥基频随斜交角的增大而增大、第2阶频率随斜交角的增大而减小;斜梁桥振动频率的计算应采用考虑剪切变形影响的深梁理论。     

轴向功能梯度变截面Timoshenko梁自由振动的研究EI北大核心CSCD

功能梯度材料可以提高结构的强度、改善质量分布和保证工程结构的完整性,因此轴向功能梯度变截面梁已广泛应用于土木、机械和航空工程。提出了用插值矩阵法计算轴向功能梯度Timoshenko梁自由振动固有频率;基于Timoshenko梁理论,将轴向功能梯度Timoshenko梁自由振动固有频率的计算转化为一组非线性变系数常微分方程特征值问题;运用插值矩阵法可一次性地计算出轴向功能梯度变截面梁各阶振动固有频率,并可同时获取相应的振型函数。该方法对于材料梯度函数和截面几何轮廓的具体形式无任何限制条件,计算结果与现有结果对比,发现吻合良好,表明了该方法的有效性。     

功能梯度梁静力与动力分析的格林函数法

功能梯度梁静动态响应的数值分析方法一般局限于有限元法,存在有限元法的固有缺点,有必要发展新的数值求解方法。将功能梯度梁静力分析的控制微分方程转化为与匀质材料梁静力分析控制微分方程相一致的形式,并利用匀质材料梁静力问题的格林函数,开展功能梯度梁的静力分析。在此基础上,进一步推导获得功能梯度梁的柔度矩阵,据此建立功能梯度梁的运动方程,开展功能梯度梁的动力特性分析和动力响应分析。数值算例表明,采用格林函数法可以高效准确地分析功能梯度梁的静力响应与动力行为,验证了方法的计算精度与效率。     

Elasticity Solution of a Cantilever Functionally Graded Beam

This paper considers the plane stress problem of a cantilever functionally graded beam subjected to linearly distributed load. The material properties of the functionally graded beam are assumed to vary continuously through the thickness, according to a power-law distribution of the volume fraction of the constituents. First, the partial differential equation, which is satisfied by the stress functions for the axisymmetric deformation problem is derived. Then, stress functions are obtained by proper manipulation. A numerical example is finally presented to show the effect of material inhomogeneity on the elastic field in a functionally graded cantilever beam.     

Analytical solution for a functionally graded beam with arbitrary graded material properties

The plane stress problem of an orthotropic functionally graded beam with arbitrary graded material properties along the thickness direction is investigated by the displacement function approach for the first time. A general two-dimensional solution is obtained for a functionally graded beam subjected to normal and shear tractions of arbitrary form on the top and bottom surfaces and under various end boundary conditions. For isotropic case explicit solutions are given to some specific through-the-thickness variations of Young’s modulus such as exponential model, linear model and reciprocal model. The influence of different grade models on the stress and displacement fields are illustrated in numerical examples. These analytical solutions can serve as a basis for establishing simplified theories and evaluating numerical solutions of functionally graded beams.     

Analytical solution of a cantilever functionally graded beam

The problem of a cantilever functionally graded beam subjected to different loads is studied. In terms of Airy stress function a general two-dimensional solution is presented for a cantilever functionally graded beam, assuming that all the elastic moduli of the material have the same variations along the beam-thickness direction. Explicit expressions of analytical solutions to some specific examples under different boundary conditions are obtained to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed general solution technique. This solution will be useful in analyzing functionally graded beam with arbitrary variations of material properties and it can serve as a basis for establishing simplified functionally graded beam theories.     

Free vibration analysis of functionally graded beams with non-uniform cross-section using the differential transform method

Free vibrations of non-uniform cross-section and axially functionally graded Euler–Bernoulli beams with various boundary conditions were studied using the differential transform method. The method was applied to a variety of beam configurations that are either axially non-homogeneous or geometrically non-uniform along the beam length or both. The governing equation of an Euler–Bernoulli beam with variable coefficients was reduced to a set of simpler algebraic recurrent equations by means of the differential transformations. Then, transverse natural frequencies were determined by requiring the non-trivial solution of the eigenvalue problem stated for a transformed function of the transverse displacement with appropriately transformed its high derivatives and boundary conditions. To show the generality and effectiveness of this approach, natural frequencies of various beams with variable profiles of cross-section and functionally graded non-homogeneity were calculated and compared with analytical and numerical results available in the literature. The benefit of the differential transform method to solve eigenvalue problems for beams with arbitrary axial geometrical non-uniformities and axial material gradient profiles is clearly demonstrated.     

热-力-粘弹耦合多孔FGVM梁的动力学特性

研究了初始轴向机械力作用下三参数Winkler-Pasternak粘弹性地基上多孔功能梯度粘弹性材料(FGVM)梁在热环境中的自由振动特性.考虑满足热传导方程的稳态温度分布以及材料性质的温度相关性,采用Kelvin-Voigt模型并由含孔隙率修正的混合幂率梯度分布来表征内含均匀孔隙FGVM梁的材料属性.基于n阶广义梁理...     

A moving interface crack between two dissimilar functionally graded strips under plane deformation with integral equation methods

In this paper a finite interface crack with constant length (Yoffe-type crack) propagating along the interface between two dissimilar functionally graded strips with spatially varying elastic properties under in-plane loading is studied. By utilizing the Fourier transformation technique, the mixed boundary problem is reduced to a system of singular integral equations that are solved numerically. The influences of the geometric parameters, the graded parameter, the strip thickness and crack speed on the stress intensity factors and the probable kink angle are investigated. The numerical results show that the graded parameters, the thicknesses of the functionally graded strips and the crack speed have significant effects on the dynamic fracture behavior of functionally graded material structures.     

Thermal stress in rotating functionally graded hollow circular disks

The analysis of thermoelastic problem of a rotating functionally graded hollow circular disk is made. The hollow disk is assumed to have varying material properties along the radial direction. An analytical method is presented to investigate steady thermal stresses in a functionally graded circular annulus rotating with constant angular velocity about its central axis. The associated boundary value problem is reduced to a Fredholm integral equation. The thermal stresses and radial displacement are obtained by numerically solving the resulting equation. A comparison of the numerical results with the exact ones for material properties of special power-law profile confirms the effectiveness of the method. For generally varying material parameters, numerical results are presented graphically to show the effects of gradient parameter, temperature change, angular velocity and thickness of the disk on the distribution of thermal stresses and radial displacement.