静电纺丝制备PVDF多孔纳米纤维及其在吸油中的应用

采用静电纺丝和PEO模板相结合加工制备了具有超疏水性能的PVDF多孔纳米纤维.通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察所制备的PVDF纤维具有均匀微纳米二级孔道显微结构,测得该多孔纳米纤维表面接触角高达158°,呈现良好的超疏水特性.研究发现,将PVDF多孔纳米纤维作为溢油吸附材料具有良好的吸油效能,其对润滑油、柴油、植物油和汽油的...     

静电纺丝制备超疏水/超亲油空心微球状PVDF纳米纤维及其在油水分离中的应用

采用静电纺丝技术制备了超疏水超亲油具有空心微球结构的聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)纳米纤维。通过扫描电镜(SEM)对样品的表面形貌及纤维直径的变化进行了表征。通过视频显微镜对纳米纤维表面与水的接触角和水滴照片进行测量与拍照。研究了不同结构的PVDF纳米纤维对润滑油的吸附性能。结果表明:PVDF/N,N-二甲基甲酰胺/H_2O静电纺丝溶液中水含量达到2.5%时得到具有空心微球结构的纳米纤维,纤维表面的水接触角为153.55°,其吸油率达到21.48g/g。     

熔体微分电纺PLA/OMMT可降解纳米纤维膜制备及污染处理

采用无溶剂的熔体静电纺丝技术制备可降解聚乳酸(PLA)纳米纤维,是一种很有前景和挑战性的绿色制备技术。其制备的纳米纤维膜孔隙率高、吸附能力强,可高效地处理环境污染问题。借助自制的熔体微分电纺装置,在PLA中引入了有机改性蒙脱土(OMMT),在260℃下制备了PLA/OMMT纳米纤维膜。探究了OMMT含量对PLA纤维形貌、吸油性能、空气过滤性能及降解性能的影响,并获得了最佳的OMMT配比含量。研究表明:加入OMMT后PLA热稳定性提高,结晶度大幅降低。OMMT质量分数为2%时制备的纤维,其直径为450nm。该纤维膜吸油倍率为133.5g/g,是市售PP无纺布的4~5倍,保油倍率为84.2g/g,具有良好的重复使用性能。针对粒径≥0.3μm尘埃粒子的空气过滤效率为99.31%,达到欧标H11过滤等级。且相比于纯PLA纤维膜降解性能提高,减少了二次污染,符合工业化绿色环保要求。     

静电纺PLA/PCL复合纳米纤维膜的制备及性能研究

为了减轻溢油事件给生态环境和人们生产生活带来的影响，以天然可降解聚乳酸(PLA)和聚己内酯(PCL)为材料，采用静电纺制备不同共混比的PLA/PCL复合纳米纤维膜用于疏水吸油。利用扫描电子显微镜观察纤维表面形貌，并测试不同共混比PLA/PCL纤维膜的直径、拉伸性能、水接触角、吸油倍率和保油率。研究结果表明，随着PCL添加量的增加，纤维直径减小，断裂强度减小，而纳米纤维膜的断裂伸长率则从原来的72.53%增加到了118.45%,具有良好的韧性；共混后的PLA/PCL纳米纤维膜的水接触角最高可达140.56°,相比纯PLA纳米纤维膜水接触角增加了2.66°,对机油、花生油和菜籽油的最大吸油倍率分别为47.10g/g、41.13g/g和37.93g/g,对机油的保油率最高可达76.16%,具有良好的疏水亲油性能。     

熔体静电纺丝制备吸油材料

频繁发生的海洋溢油事故不仅造成能源损失,而且严重破坏了生态环境。处理海洋溢油时主要采用聚丙烯吸油棉物理回收的方法。利用熔体微分静电纺丝装置制备出的超细聚丙烯纤维毡吸收机油和花生油的最高吸油倍率分别为132g/g和94g/g,是商用聚丙烯吸油棉的4~5倍。同时电纺纤维具有良好的可重复使用性,5次使用后的吸油倍率仍保持为95g/g。     

炭纳米纤维在接近室温下对低浓度NO的催化氧化（英文）

采用聚丙烯腈(PAN)作为静电纺丝前驱体,通过静电纺丝法制备了炭纳米纤维,经预氧化和炭化处理,得到了孔隙率高、比表面积大的PAN基炭纳米纤维(PCNFs)。通过控制前驱体溶液的浓度,可以得到不同直径的PCNFs。制备的样品在室温(20℃)下能去除低浓度的NO (5×10~(-5))。结果表明,炭纳米纤维的微观结构可以影响其对NO的催化性能。CNFs直径越小,微孔越发达,比表面积越大,吸附和催化氧化效果越好。     

炭纳米纤维在接近室温下对低浓度NO的催化氧化

采用聚丙烯腈(PAN)作为静电纺丝前驱体,通过静电纺丝法制备了炭纳米纤维,经预氧化和炭化处理,得到了孔隙率高、比表面积大的PAN基炭纳米纤维(PCNFs).通过控制前驱体溶液的浓度,可以得到不同直径的PCNFs.制备的样品在室温(20°C)下能去除低浓度的NO(5×10?5).结果表明,炭纳米纤维的微观结构可以影响其对...     

工艺参数对喷气式静电纺的产量和纳米纤维形貌的影响

以提高PAN纳米纤维的产量为目的,根据喷气静电纺丝的原理,设计了一种新型静电纺丝装置。研究了不同通气速度、溶液输入速度、电压等工艺参数对纳米纤维毡的产量和面积的影响。研究发现,该静电纺丝装置极大地提高了纳米纤维的产量,使产量达到普通针头产量的二十倍以上。通过研究电压对纳米纤维毡的产量和面积以及纳米纤维的微观形貌的影响,发现纳米纤维的产量随电压的增加而增加,在电压为33kv时达到最大值;纳米纤维的形貌随着电压增加,直径从528.42nm减小到243.25nm,标准偏差从43.25%减小到28.02%。当通气速度为800ml/min,溶液输入速度为8ml/h,纺丝电压为33kv时,纳米纤维毡的产量达到最大值2.8g/h。     

动态线性电极静电纺PVA纳米纤维的可纺性

为了解决传统针式静电纺针头易堵塞不易产业化的问题,采用铜丝动态线性电极静电纺丝技术对PVA纳米纤维的可纺性进行研究。利用扫描电子显微镜研究了PVA溶液浓度、电压和纺丝距离对PVA纤维形貌及直径分布的影响。结果表明:随PVA溶液浓度降低,溶液粘度和电导率减小,纤维直径及其分布变小。且随纺丝距离增大,纤维直径变细,纤维形貌变好。当PVA浓度为10%(质量分数),电压80 kV,距离30 cm时,可制备出形貌良好的纳米纤维,其直径为433 nm,产量高达 6.8 g/h ;当PVA浓度为5%(质量分数),电压80 kV,距离30 cm, 可纺最细纤维直径为96 nm。本研究可为未来PVA静电纺纳米纤维膜的规模化制备提供参考。     

针对静电纺丝SiC纤维纳米化的溶液参数优化设计

一维SiC纳米材料不仅具有陶瓷材料高强度、高模量、优异的化学稳定性和高温稳定性等优势,还拥有高比表面积、可设计的微结构和可控介电性能,在电磁吸波领域有着重要应用价值。静电纺丝技术是一种制备连续纳米纤维的有效方法,目前利用该方法制备SiC陶瓷纤维的研究还处于初期探索阶段,适用的溶液体系和参数比较混杂且缺乏系统研究,特别是以SiC纤维纳米化为目标的纺丝溶液体系优化设计还未见报道。本研究以SiC纳米纤维的纺丝前驱体聚碳硅烷(PCS)溶液为研究对象,系统分析了溶剂种类、高分子助纺剂种类和浓度、溶液配比和粘度、添加剂种类和添加量对纺丝纤维形貌和微结构的影响规律,进一步确定了以氯仿为溶剂、聚己内脂酯(PCL)为助纺剂、乙酰丙酮铪(Hf(acac)_4)为添加剂的纺丝溶液体系。为了获得结构连续、形貌均一的SiC纳米纤维,PCL的最优浓度约为0.087 5 g/mL,PCS最优浓度为0.125～0.15 g/mL,添加剂Hf(acac)_4的浓度不超过0.025 g/mL。经过纺丝溶液参数的优化,成功获得了平均直径为340 nm的柔性SiC纳米纤维薄膜。     

Electrospun PCL/PLA/HA based nanofibers as scaffold for osteoblast-like cells

Polycaprolactone (PCL), poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) are frequently used as materials for tissue engineering. In this study, PCL/PLA/HA nanofiber mats with different weight ratio were prepared using electrospinning. Their structure and morphology were studied by FTIR and FESEM. FTIR results demonstrated that the HA particles were successfully incorporated into the PCL/PLA nanofibers. The FESEM images showed that the surface of fibers became coarser with the introduction of HA nanoparticles into PCL/PLA system. Furthermore, the addition of HA led to the decreasing of fiber diameter. The average diameters of PCL/PLA/HA nanofiber were in the range of 300-600 nm, while that of PCL/PLA was 776 +/- 15.4 nm. The effect of nanofiber composition on the osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cell adhesion and proliferation were investigated as the preliminary biological evaluation of the scaffold. The MC3T3-E1 cell could be attached actively on all the scaffolds. The MTT assay revealed that PCL/PLA/HA scaffold shows significantly higher cell proliferation than PCL/PLA scaffolds. After 15 days of culture, mineral particles on the surface of the cells was appeared on PCL/PLA/HA nanofibers while normal cell spreading morphology on PCL/PLA nanofibers. These results manifested that electrospun PCL/PLA/HA scaffolds could enhance bone regeneration, showing their marvelous prospect as scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.     

In vitro evaluation of electrospun gelatin–glutaraldehyde nanofibers

The gelatin–glutaraldehyde (gelatin–GA) nanofibers were electrospun in order to overcome the defects of ex-situ crosslinking process such as complex process, destruction of fiber morphology and decrease of porosity. The morphological structure, porosity, thermal property, moisture absorption and moisture retention performance, hydrolytic resistance, mechanical property and biocompatibility of nanofiber scaffolds were tested and characterized. The gelatin–GA nanofiber has nice uniform diameter and more than 80% porosity. The hydrolytic resistance and mechanical property of the gelatin–GA nanofiber scaffolds are greatly improved compared with that of gelatin nanofibers. The contact angle, moisture absorption, hydrolysis resistance, thermal resistance and mechanical property of gelatin–GA nanofiber scaffolds could be adjustable by varying the gelatin solution concentration and GA content. The gelatin–GA nanofibers had excellent properties, which are expected to be an ideal scaffold for biomedical and tissue engineering applications.     

聚-DL/L-丙交酯(30DL/70L)纳米纤维的电纺研究

对生物可吸收聚-DL/L-丙交酯(30DL/70L)体系进行了静电纺丝.研究了聚-DL/L-丙交酯(30DL/70L)的浓度,加料速度,电压,喷头与接收体之间的距离等因素对纤维形态的影响,制备出纳米纤维膜,并用扫描电镜(SEM)等对纤维膜进行表征.结果表明,电纺溶液浓度和溶剂对纤维直径影响比较明显,减小电纺溶液浓度和采用复合溶剂CHCl3/DMF可得到更细的纳米纤维;一定范围内适当的增加电压、减小距离和减小加料速度有利于减小纤维直径.在聚-DL/L-丙交酯(30DL/70L)浓度为5g/100mL溶剂、加料速度1mL/h、喷头与接收体之间的距离6cm、电压15kV电纺条件下,可制备直径50nm左右的聚-DL/L-丙交酯(30DL/70L)纳米纤维膜.     

利用静电纺丝技术制备纳米黏土/聚乳酸复合纳米纤维与其表征

利用静电纺丝技术制备了纳米黏土/聚乳酸(PLA)复合纳米纤维,并将该复合纳米纤维收集成无纺布薄膜,采用SEM和TEM观察了复合纳米纤维的微观形貌和结构,分别利用XRD和TGA测试了复合纳米纤维的结晶行为及热学行为,并分析了复合纳米纤维薄膜的拉伸力学性能随纳米黏土含量的变化关系。结果表明:当PLA含量为10wt%、纳米黏土含量为1wt%、CHCl3与DMF体积比为3∶1溶剂条件下,所制备的纳米黏土/PLA复合纳米纤维的细度和均匀性均得到改善;XRD测试结果表明,纳米黏土成功附着在PLA中。TGA和力学测试结果表明,纳米黏土/PLA复合纳米纤维的热稳定性和力学性能相对于纯PLA纤维有较大幅度提高,当纳米黏土含量为1wt%时,其初始分解温度提高了60℃,拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和弹性模量分别提高了111.3%、74.9%和20.0%。     

碳纳米纤维气凝胶的制备及其吸油性能

先用静电纺丝-液相接收技术制备蓬松的聚丙烯腈(PAN)三维纳米纤维，然后将其进行热稳定化处理得到超轻纳米纤维气凝胶(CNFAs)。CNFAs内部是碳纳米纤维交叠形成的开孔网络，发生80%应变后能回弹到原形。用聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)气相沉积疏水化处理后，CNFAs的水接触角增大到145°。研究了静电纺丝纳米纤维的原始堆积密度对CNFAs的体积收缩率、密度、吸油容量以及循环吸附量的影响，结果表明：这种气凝胶的机械性能优异。纳米纤维合适的初始堆积密度为4 mg·mL^-1，制备出的CNFAs对油类污染物的吸附量可达到自重的185倍；用燃烧和挤压方法10次循环回收吸附饱和的CNFAs，其吸附容量仍保持稳定。     

Characteristics of curcumin-loaded poly (lactic acid) nanofibers for wound healing

Curcumin (Cur) is a well-known extract of the root of Curcuma longa L. that has multi biological functions such as anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and wound healing properties. In the present study, poly (lactic acid) (PLA) nanofibers were used as a carrier for Cur because PLA nanofibers are biocompatible and have a high-specific surface area and high porosity, which can enhance the functional properties of Cur. The chemical and biological characteristics of Cur/PLA blended nanofibers containing varied amounts of Cur were examined. An increase from 0.125 to 6.250 wt% Cur in PLA caused a decrease in the diameters of the nanofibers from 971 ± 274 to 562 ± 177 nm. At Cur concentrations of <1.250 wt%, PLA and Cur showed good miscibility in the blended nanofibers, as shown by FTIR analysis and tensile tests. The inclusion of Cur in the blended nanofibers at concentration as low as 0.125 wt% promotes the attachment and proliferation of cells. The in vivo wound healing capability of Cur-loaded PLA nanofibers was assessed in a mouse model; treatment with Cur-loaded PLA nanofibers significantly increased the rate of wound closure (87 %) by day 7 compared with that of PLA nanofibers (58 %). The results of this study suggest that Cur-loaded nanofibers with appropriate Cur concentration are nontoxic and have potential as component of wound-healing patches.     

Water Resistance and Barrier Properties Improvement of Paperboard by Poly(Lactic Acid) Electrospraying

This research attempted to improve water resistance and barrier properties of paperboard by electrospraying the material with poly(lactic acid) (PLA). The focus was to reduce the amount of PLA in the coating process and to achieve the thinnest possible PLA coating layer. PLA solutions were prepared at 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% (w/v) in chloroform. PLA solution (10 ml) was sprayed onto the paperboard. The results showed that water and oil contact angles of paperboard were significantly increased after electrospraying. Water and oil absorption was significantly reduced, especially when using PLA concentration of 1%. PLA concentrations below 1% produced too few PLA particles on the surface for full coverage, whereas concentrations above 1% led to an uneven agglomeration of PLA particles on the substrate. The results also showed that water vapour transmission rate and oxygen transmission rate of paperboard were significantly reduced at PLA concentration of at least 1%. On the basis of electrospraying technique, the amount of PLA can be significantly reduced to achieve results comparable to other common coating methods. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯)@海藻酸钠复合纤维膜的制备及其对Pb2+和Cu2+的吸附性

采用三氯甲烷和N,N二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）为溶剂,制备聚（3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯）（P（3HB-co-4HB））纺丝溶液,并通过静电纺丝技术制备P（3HB-co-4HB）纳米纤维膜,用海藻酸钠（SA）对P（3HB-co-4HB）纳米纤维膜进行包覆,获得P（3HB-co-4HB）@SA复合纤维膜。利用SEM、比表面积仪、原子吸收光谱分别表征了P（3HB-co-4HB）@SA复合纤维膜的纤维形态、比表面积、溶液残留液离子浓度。结果表明:纺丝液浓度在12%时,P（3HB-co-4HB）纤维成纤性好;随着静电压增大,P（3HB-co-4HB）纤维直径先减小后增大。P（3HB-co-4HB）支架材料可以使SA的比表面积提高约3.9倍,P（3HB-co-4HB）@SA复合纤维膜对Cu2+离子、Pb2+离子最大吸附量分别为26.25 mg/g和36.25 mg/g,折算为SA的吸附量分别为364.58 mg/g和503.47 mg/g。