30℃民50℃RECl3—Fu—H2O体系的相平衡研究：（RE=Ce,Sm,Nd,Dy）l

用恒温溶解度法研究了ＲＥＣｌ３－Ｆｕ－Ｈ２Ｏ三元体系在３０℃与５０℃的相平衡，共给制了八张相图，第张相图中只有一个Ｆｕ与简单稀土氯化物水合物的共饱点，在全浓度范围内没有发现新配合物。最后，对结果作简单明剖析。     

25℃和100℃时H3BO3—Na2SO4—NaCl—H2O体系的相平衡

测定了２５℃和１００℃时,Ｈ３ＢＯ３－Ｎａ２Ｓｏ４－ＮａＣｌ－Ｈ２Ｏ体系的固液平衡数据并绘成相图,应用相图分析了ＮａＣｌ作盐析剂分离Ｈ２Ｂ作盐析剂分离Ｈ３ＢＯ３的生产过程,为硼砂硫酸酸化制取Ｈ３ＢＯ３的生产工艺改进提供了一定的理论基础。     

化学复合镀(Ni-Cu-P)-PTFE工艺

研究了化学复合镀（Ｎｉ－Ｃｕ－Ｐ）－ＰＴＦＥ复合材料制备工艺,表明,控制温度在７８－８５℃,ＰＴＦＥ的添加量为１５－２０ｇ／Ｌ,Ｎｉ＾２＋／Ｃｕ＾２＋＝５．６－６．９,添加适量表面活性剂,能够镀覆表面良好的复合材料,工艺稳定。     

25℃马来酸-丁二酸-水+硫酸体系的固液平衡

测定了２５℃时马来酸－丁二酸－水＋硫酸体系固液平衡数据,并绘制了相图。以相图为依据,分析了丁二酸的电解和结晶分离过程,为确定最佳工艺条件和生产步骤提供了依据。     

节能材料──L－90导热胶泥

节能材料──Ｌ－９０导热胶泥一、产品性能：最高使用温度（℃）：１９０施工环境温度（℃）：０～２１导热系数λ（ＫＪ／ｍ．ｈ．℃）：常温１２．５６８０℃　１０．８９，电阻率（Ω．ｃｍ）：４０粘结强度（ＭＰａ）：Ｃｕ－Ｃｕ１０．５４，Ｆｅ－Ｆｅ１４．３７固...     

负载型双金属催化剂对邻硝基苯胺液相催化加氢的研究

研究了活性碳负载的Ｐｄ、Ｐｄ－Ｆｅ、Ｐｄ－Ｓｎ、Ｐｄ－Ｎｉ、Ｐｄ－Ｃｕ、Ｐｄ－Ｐｂ催化剂对邻硝基苯胺催化加氢。活性大小依次为：Ｐｄ－Ｓｎ／Ｃ〉Ｐｄ－Ｆｅ／Ｃ〉Ｐｄ－Ｎｉ／Ｃ〉Ｐｄ／Ｃ〉Ｐｄ－Ｃｕ／Ｃ￣Ｐｄ－Ｐｂ／Ｃ，先浸Ｐｄ后浸Ｆｅ与Ｐｄ、Ｆｅ共浸制备的Ｐｄ－Ｆｅ／Ｃ具有相同催化活性，ＸＰＳ研究表明两种金属间存在的较强的相互作用。考察了温度对反应的影响及无溶剂反应时压力的影响。     

赝二元系CaF2-LiAlF4相图

通过差热分析（ＤＴＡ）和Ｘ射线粉末衍射（ＸＲＤ）方法研究了赝二元系ＣａＦ２－ＬｉＡｌＦ４的相平衡关系,该赝二元系在ＣａＦ２：ＬｉＡｌＦ４为１：１处形成一致融熔化合物ＬｉＣａＡｌＦ６,其熔点为８１４℃,并分别在ＬｉＡｌＦ４摩尔分数为８８％主４４１％处出现两个共晶点,其共昌温度分别６９２℃和７８３℃,对照该体系的相图,按摩尔比ＬｉＦ：ＣａＦ２：（ＡｌＦ３＋ＣｒＦ３）＝１：１：１的组成配料,采用密闭条件     

聚砜制膜液的相平衡及其与制膜的关系

测定了含不同浓度Ｈ２ＳＯ４的聚砜制膜液的分相曲线，用Ｆｌｏｒｙ－Ｈｕｇｇｉｎｓ理论对该体系进行相平衡推算，将Ｈ２ＳＯ４的影响归纳于Ｆ－Ｈ交互作用参数对相图的影响中，计算值与实验值吻合较好，考察了聚砜分子量改变对相图的影响关系，发现分子量的改变只对低浓度区的相图略有影响。高浓度区的相图没有变化，分析了Ｈ２ＳＯ４对制膜液的作用，得取了一些对制膜的实用意义的结论，并在相图指导下制备了两种外压式聚砜管式膜     

空调蓄冷剂液固相图理论计算与实验研究

用ＵＮＩＦＡＣ法计算脂肪酸二元低共熔体液固平衡相图。测其凝固点，绘出实测相图，测出比热及相变潜热，并进行５０次冻熔实验。证明该蓄冷剂冷度小，凝固时不分层，可逆性好，对ＵＮＩＦＡＣ法某些参数进行修正后，计算相图与实测相图符合较好。     

TEAN-H_2O 二元体系的 TX 和 HX 相图

用ＤＳＣ研究了ＴＥＡＮ－Ｈ２Ｏ二元体系的低温热行为，建立了该体系的液化温度与组成关系的ＴＸ－二元相图和低共熔物表观熔融焓与组成关系的ＨＸ－二元相图。发现该二元体系是一个典型的具有简单低共熔物的二元体系，其低共熔温度为－１６．２℃，低共熔物组成为ＴＥＡＮ－Ｈ２Ｏ＝１０／９０（ｍｏｌ／ｍｏｌ）。过冷体系在升温过程中有结晶现象，其结晶焓与ＴＥＡＮ浓度有线性关系。ＴＥＡＮ浓度小于２５ｍｏｌ％时，具有玻璃化转变过程，其转变温度不随试样浓度的改变而变化，平均值为－９１．２℃，而在ＴＥＡＮ浓度大于２５ｍｏｌ℃时，未发现玻璃化转变。     

三元体系Na2CO3-NaF-H2O 298.15 K和318.15 K相平衡研究

在稀土提取工艺和氟化钠制备过程中会产生含碳酸钠和氟化钠的废水。研究了三元体系Na₂CO₃-NaF-H₂O的相平衡,为回收氟化钠和碳酸钠提供理论指导。采用等温溶解平衡法研究了三元体系Na₂CO₃-NaF-H₂O在298.15 K和318.15 K的相平衡关系,测定了该体系各物质组分的溶解度以及平衡液相的密度和pH,并根据溶解度数据绘制相图以及物化参数-组分含量的关系图,利用X射线衍射（XRD）对固相进行分析表征。实验研究表明：该体系无复盐和固溶体生成,属于水合物I型相图。相图包含1个全液相区、2个单盐结晶区、1个混合结晶区、1个全固相区以及3条单变量溶解度曲线、1个共饱点。碳酸钠对氟化钠具有较强的盐析作用。温度不变时,碳酸钠质量分数越高溶液密度越大、pH越大;碳酸钠质量分数不变时,温度越高溶液密度越大、pH越小。     

EXTRACTION OF RARE EARTH METALS WITH 2-ETHYLHEXYL PHOSPHONIC ACID MONO-2-ETHYLHEXYL ESTER IN THE PRESENCE OF DIETHYLENETRIAMINEPENTAACETIC ACID IN AQUEOUS PHASE

Abstract

The extraction equilibria of rare earth metals with 2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (commercial name, PC-88A, henceforth abbreviated as HR) dissolved in n-heptane were measured at 303 K. It was found that rare earth metals are extracted with the dimer of the extractant, (HR)₂, as follows.

The extraction equilibrium constants of metals were obtained and compared with the extraction equilibrium constants obtained by di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (henceforth D2EHPA).

Furthermore, the extraction equilibria of rare earth metals with PC-88A in the presence of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (henceforth DTPA) in an aqueous phase were also measured to discuss the effect of DTPA on the extraction of rare earth metals.     

Kinetics of rare earth incorporation and its role in densification and microstructure formation of α-Sialon

The reproducible sintering and microstructure formation of α- and α/β-Sialons is a precondition for the production of such materials with reproducible properties.The Rietveld method was used for quantitative analysis of the phase composition and the kinetics of incorporation of the rare earth into the α-Sialon structure. The analysis showed that in the early stages of sintering more rare earth cations were incorporated into the grains than would be expected from the equilibrium conditions. This was observed for all investigated rare earths (Y, Nd and Yb) with different ionic radii. The consequences for sintering and microstructure formation are the fast disappearing of the transient liquid and the formation of polytypes. The use of excess of rare earth in comparison to the stoichiometric Sialon composition results in a stable residual liquid. It allows reproducible densification, anisotropic grain growth and materials with high fracture toughness.     

氧化镁和氧化铈复合部分稳定氧化锆泡沫陶瓷的显微结构

分别以纯ZrO2,97%(质量分数,下同)ZrO2 3%MgO,96%ZrO2 3%MgO 1%富铈稀土3种成分制得3组泡沫陶瓷样品,以钢液浇注实验评价高温性能.用X射线衍射仪分析相组成.用环境扫描电镜和能谱分析仪观察陶瓷的显微结构.结果表明:96%ZrO2 3%MgO 1%富铈稀土复合部分稳定ZrO2具有很好的高温性能.稳定剂不但可部分稳定形成一定量四方相与立方相的ZrO2,而且对ZrO2泡沫陶瓷烧结起促进作用.这是由于CeO2中Ce4 半径更接近Zr4 ,CeO2在ZrO2中有较大固溶度,因而对ZrO2的稳定与烧结传质起到更强的促进作用.     

Isothermal section of CaO-SiO2-La2O3 system within specific region at 1673–1473 K

So far, the relevant phase equilibrium relations and the type of equilibrium phase fields in the CaO-SiO₂-La₂O₃ basic slag system phase diagram are still unknown, which restricts the smelting process and application in materials of rare earth elements. In the current work, phase equilibrium relations within specific region of CaO-SiO₂-La₂O₃ system at 1673–1473?K were studied experimentally by using the thermodynamic equilibrium experiment followed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). According to the experimental results, the existence of ternary compound CaO·3SiO₂·2La₂O₃ was determined, it is confirmed to be a solution solid phase. The sub-solidus phase relations between different solid phases were also determined. Finally, the isothermal sections of CaO-SiO₂-La₂O₃ system within specific region at 1673?K, 1573?K and 1473?K were obtained, respectively. The experimental results can not only enrich the phase diagram information of silicate system, but also have practical significance for the application of rare earth in materials.     

乙烯-乙烷在不同吸附剂上的吸附平衡研究

以活性炭负载Cu（Ⅰ）为原料，添加适量稀土化合物，制备成NA型和NJ型配合吸附剂。实验测定了乙烯-乙烷混合气在NA型、NJ型吸附剂和活性炭上的吸附平衡等温线，并对乙烯、乙烷两种气体的等温线模型进行了拟合。结果表明，配合型吸附剂对乙烯有很好的平衡选择性，有利于乙烯-乙烷的分离，具有工业应用前景。     

负载稀土元素的Cu^＋-13X吸附噻吩的性能研究

研究了负载稀土元素的Cu^＋-13X对噻吩的吸附性能,实验分别从静态吸附、固定床动态吸附以及吸附剂再生后的吸附性能三方面进行研究。研究结果表明,负载稀土元素的Cu^＋-13X,其静态、动态以及再生吸附能力都比Cu^＋-13X有所提高。特别是负载稀土元素的Cu^＋-13X再生后对噻吩的固定床动态吸附,其吸附量可以达到新鲜吸附剂的90．3％,这相对与于Cu^＋-13X再生后对噻吩的吸附效果有很大的提高。     

稀土掺杂硼铝硅酸盐玻璃形成和析晶性能

首先考察了稀土氧化物和氧化钡共掺入Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2玻璃的形成区范围、稀土氧化物掺入量对玻璃形成区的影响,然后利用差热分析手段分析了不同组分稀土氧化物对玻璃热稳定性的影响,最后采用XRD和TEM/EDS对在玻璃放热峰初始温度Tx附近热处理的玻璃样品进行了分析. 结果表明,当稀土掺入量逐渐增加时,玻璃形成区范围先扩大后缩小. 在Tx热处理温度附近,玻璃的失透主要由分相造成,稀土离子大量富集在富硼铝相中,热处理温度越高,玻璃的分相越明显;当继续在900℃下进行处理后,XRD谱图中出现了明显的析晶峰,通过分析比较认为主要析晶产物可能为类NdAl2.07(B4O10)O0.6结构的SmAl2.07(B4O10)O0.6晶体.     

Rare Earth Metal Extraction by Liquid Surfactant Membranes Containing a Calixarene Carboxylate Derivative: Permeation Acceleration Effect of Sodium Ions

ABSTRACT

Calixarene carboxylate derivatives were used as a mobile carrier for rare earth permeation in a liquid surfactant membrane (LSM) system. The effect of alkali metal ions on the extraction behavior of rare earth metals in both liquid-liquid extraction and LSM systems has been studied. The addition of sodium ions considerably enhanced the extraction ability of rare earth metals in the extraction equilibrium. Furthermore, the presence of alkali metal ions in the material solution affected the rate of rare earth permeation in LSMs. The most accelerative transport of rare earth metals by LSMs was achieved by the addition of sodium ions. This acceleration effect of sodium ions was predominant in a tetracarboxylate calixarene whose cavity size just fits the ionic diameter of sodium ions. The sodium-loaded calix[4]arene derivative showed good performance as an effective mobile carrier for rare earth metals in the presence of sodium ions.     

超临界CO2—共轭亚油酸乙酯萃取体系研究

利用带有视窗的相平衡装置对共轭亚油酸乙酯在超临界CO2中的溶解度进行了测定。并通过对相平衡釜内体系相态变化的观测,进一步研究超临界相行为。采用Chrastil经验方程对共轭亚油酸乙酯在超临界CO2中的溶解度进行模拟。共轭亚油酸乙酯体系计算值与实验值平均误差为2.43%。