Heat and Mass Transfer Analogy Studies of Binary Liquid Mixture in Comparison with Eteanol-n-Heptane Evaporating to Air

ABSTRACT

An expenmental and theoretical study of heat and mass transfer analogy and a comparison of that to a binary liquid mixture evaporation is presented. Common organic solvents, ethanol and n-heptane, were used to form an alcohol - hydrocarbon mixture. Studies were carried out in a horizontal rectangular channel having air flow velocities of 0.2 – 0.9 m/s. Heat transfer coefficients were measured with a copper plate resistor and mass transfer coefficients with a square pool. The heat and mass transfer analogy is presented for a system having two evaporating compounds with a fixed value of air flow and verified by measuring and comparing mass transfer coefficients for distilled water with air flow velocities of 0.2 - 0.9 mls. An illustrative example of the use of the theory for industrial ventilation is presented.     

Conditions of the Thermal Explosion under Forced Convection of a Reacting Mixture

Conditions of origination of the thermal explosion in a cylindrical chemical reactor equipped by a certain number of symmetrically located stirrers ensuring forced convection of the reacting mixture are considered in the approximation of an infinite Peclet number and under the assumption of laminar motion of the fluid. The critical value of the thermal explosion parameter (Frank-Kamenetskii parameter) is found as a function of the number of stirrers and the distance between the centerlines of the stirrers and reactor. As the number of stirrers increases, the calculations predict a lower probability of the thermal explosion, and the critical value of the parameter can severalfold exceed its classical value. It is found that the thermal explosion parameter substantially depends on the location of the stirrers, responsible for heat removal from the reactor. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 41, No. 5, pp. 49–54, September–October, 2005.     

脂肪酸降膜蒸发传热研究

在垂直降膜管上进行脂肪酸混合物降膜蒸发传热的实验研究 ,分析了进料流量、热通量和操作压力等因素对传热性能的影响。建立了数学模型 ,并进行数值求解。实验结果表明 ,在层流情况下 ,流量的增加不利于传热 ,热通量和操作压力的增加对表面蒸发传热有利。将模型计算结果与实验结果比较 ,发现模型较好地预测了实验结果     

Effects of anisotropic scattering of radiation in laminar forced convection in a parallel-plate duct

Effects of anisotropic scattering to heat transfer in hydrodynamically-developed, thermally-developing steady laminar forced flow of a gray fluid between two infinite parallel plates are investigated for the case when the inlet temperature of the fluid is less than the wall temperature. An implicit finite difference scheme is applied to solve the energy equation, while the high order P_N method is used to solve the radiation part of this problem. The effects of the anisotropy, the conduction-to-radiation parameter, the optical thickness, the reflectivity of the plates and the inlet temperature on the local Nusselt number are studied.     

International Heat and Mass Transfer Forum

ABSTRACT

Results from three experimental studies are reviewed in order to examine the relationship between the heat and mass transfer coefficients in the combined infrared and convective drying process. These results demonstrared that the heat     

存在非均匀内热源的多孔介质内自然对流传热传质的数值研究

采用数值方法分析了具有非均匀分布内热源的竖直同心套管内多孔介质中的传热传质,浮力比N由1.5变为-1.5后,流体由顺时针流动变为逆时针流动且流体速度加快。｜N｜〈1时边界层的发展主要由热浮力控制。管隙中心处浓度分布在R=0.8处出现一个最小值。     

对流传热过程强化与能耗分析

为了强化对流传热,工程上普遍采用提高流体流速和改变管路流体力学特性的方法,但在强化传热的同时,增加了能耗.通过实验分析了流体流速对光滑直管和螺旋槽管传热效果的影响,得到了滞流区和湍流区的传热关系式和阻力与流速的函数关系式.通过对比相同流速下光滑直管和螺旋槽管强化比与阻力的情况,得到了两种流型下强化比以及阻力与流速的关系式,为工程设计和生产操作提供了理论参考.     

具有非均匀内热源的多孔介质中自然对流传热传质的数值研究

采用数值方法分析了具有非均匀分布内热源的竖直同心套管内多孔介质中的传热传质,内热源分布系数M较大时,造成流场中心的逆时针环流向中心挤压。浮力比N由1.5变为-1.5后,流体由顺时针流动变为逆时针流动且流体速度加快。Nusselt数在Z=0.7处出现转折。随M增大内壁面Nusselt数变化范围增大,并且转折点前移。上壁面Sherwood数也呈先增大后减小的趋势,并且在R=0.9处出现转折。     

Simultaneous Momentum,Heat, and Mass Transfer with Color Change during Paddy Storage in Silo

Abstract:

A theoretical model has been developed to describe heat, mass, and momentum phenomena in cylinder-shaped silos where paddy is stored. Calculation based on the model predicts local temperature and moisture within the silo as a function of time and space. This information is then coupled with known kinetics of color change to predict yellowness or whiteness generated during storage. The model is evaluated using the published data. Natural air currents and the corresponding moisture migration are small for short storage periods and more extensive for long-term storage. The calculated result shows the similar trend to the published data in that moisture migrates from the central region, where the grains experience high temperature, to the outer regions, where the grains have lower temperatures. Paddy near the wall and on the top of the silo has relatively lower whiteness than at inner areas for storing it at 15% wet basis, this low luminosity is in part motivated by relative humidity, which is relatively high at such areas. At elevated initial moisture contents, paddy at the inner areas has lower whiteness due to large accumulation of heat from grain respiration, hence, it is a predominant effect on the color change, while the humidity plays a minor role.     

气隙式膜蒸馏传递过程的研究

本文用气隙式膜蒸馏装置测定了膜两侧流体的温度、流量及料液浓度对膜蒸馏通量的影响,并从理论上描述了传热、传质过程,建立了可以预测膜蒸馏过程渗透通量的数学模型.实验结果与模型预测吻合较好.     

气泡在热液相介质中上升时的传热与传质

本文对气泡在热液相介质中上升时的传热与传质进行了分析,建立了数学模型,并进行了数值解,其结果可以说明气液相界面蒸发的特征。本文还通过实验对理论模型进行了验证。     

液滴在热液相介质中上升汽化时的传热与传质

本文分析了液滴在不互溶的液相介质中上升汽化时的传热和传质,导出了数模,进行了数值求解,获知在泡滴与液相接触的汽液边界处温度下降和浓度升高,存在着溶液的过冷(或过饱和)边界层。实验结果与数模计算结果表明,该模型能够较好地预測液滴汽化的整体特性。     

Heat and Mass Transfer Relationship in Combined Infrared and Convective Drying

Results from three experimental studies are reviewed in order to examine the relationship between the heat and mass transfer coefficients in the combined infrared and convective drying process. These results demonstrared that the heat     

Analysis of laminar flow forced convection heat transfer with uniform heating in the entrance region of a circular tube

A new integral or boundary-layer solution for laminar flow heat transfer in the combined entrance region of a circular tube is presented for the case of constant wall heat flux. The solution is based on the hydrodynamic inlet-filled region concept originally proposed by Ishizawa (1966) and later adopted by Mohanty and Asthana (1978) to hydrodynamically developing flow through a circular tube. Unlike available boundary-layer solutions, the new analysis provides results which join smoothly and asymptotically to the fully developed values. Results for the Nusselt number were found to agree favorably with available numerical solutions.     

Mass Transfer Characteristics of Binary Heavy Metal Ions Mixture in Gas Sparged Dialysis Cells

The effect of air sparging on mass transfer of a mixture of two heavy metals ions (Cu and Ni) was studied in dialysis cells by measuring the conductivity of dialysate solution. The variables studied were the air velocity and heavy metal ion concentrations ranging between 300 mg L^?1 and 1000 mg L^?1. A mass transfer equation was derived to represent an overall mass transfer coefficient for ion mixture. The presence of gas enhanced the rate of mass transfer by increasing the overall mass transfer coefficient. Also, an equation was developed for the transfer of ionic mixture that agreed with the previous studies on mass and heat transfer in the bubble stirred systems. The increase in mass transfer coefficient ranged from 83.4-196% for the mixture of two heavy metal ions above the natural convection value depending on the experimental conditions. Overall, a new model was developed for mass transfer in Binary solution for industrial purposes. The novelty of this process is that it was applied for the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters as compared to other different types of salt solutions.     

环形管内涡旋流动特性及传热机理研究

对不同初始旋流强度的空气介质在环形管内涡旋流动特性及传热机理的试验研究，得到了表示涡流喷嘴位置及方向的几何参数与传热系数及压力降的关系。实验表明，涡旋流动有明显的强化传热作用。     

竖直平面上的传热传质复合自然对流

用数值方法研究了竖直平面上因热及物质扩散引起的传热传质复合自然对流,得到了速度、压力、温度和浓度的分布及传热传质速率随浮力比的变化规律。研究结果表明：Ｎｕ与Ｓｈ在随浮力比Ｂ的变化过程中出现最小值,此时的浮力比Ｂｍｉｎ仅是Ｐｒ／Ｓｃ的函数;流型取决于浮力比和Ｐｒ／Ｓｃ,根据流型不同可在Ｂ－Ｐｒ／Ｓｃ坐标系中将流场划为４个区域。     

垂直管内不互溶液滴群直接接触汽化传热

在一气升式外循环实验设备中研究了冷剂正戊烷与热流体水在垂直管内直接接触汽化传热过程。根据单液滴不互溶冷剂汽化关联式，推导出多液滴汽化过程中局部和平均体积传热系数表达式，表达式较好地解释了实验结果。讨论了冷剂表观流速、冷剂与热流体间的传热温差对体积传热量ｑｖ和体积传热系数ａｖ的影响；以及冷剂表观流速对冷却温差的影响。     

A Numerical and Experimental Study of Natural Convective Heat and Mass Transfer from a Vertical Porous Plate

A finite difference scheme for solving the problem of natural transport of heat, mass, momentum and species concentration along vertical porous plates is presented. Several drying related problems are numerically solved, by including a gas-injection boundary condition directly into the governing equations. The effect of variable physical properties is investigated by means of direct comparison against experimental data obtained through holographic interferometry. The relative importance of wall diffusive and convective fluxes is examined. Sherwood and Nusselt numbers can be accurately obtained by means of the proposed techniques.