一种实用的5阶电荷泵锁相环性能分析与设计仿真

本文在分析5阶锁相环基本原理和线性化数学模型的基础上,给出了一种实用的4阶环路滤波器的设计方法,用Matlab编程计算锁相环的参数;用ADS工具对系统性能进行仿真,仿真结果与预期结果相吻合;比较了具有相同环路带宽和相位裕度下的高阶锁相环的杂散性能。这对5阶电荷泵锁相环的系统设计和仿真有一定的指导意义。     

高性能锁相环中电荷泵电路研究

本文分析了电荷泵型锁相环中电荷泵电路的工作机制和过冲问题,在此基础上提出了低噪声电荷泵设计技术,有效减小了电荷泵的过冲效应,提高了锁相环中电荷泵电路的稳定性。     

电荷泵锁相环的VHDL-AMS行为建模与仿真

片上系统SOC是集成电路IC设计的一个重要方向.越来越多的SOC集成有模拟和数字设计.VHDL-AMS语言为模拟和混合信号系统提供了一种统一的建模仿真方法.本文在详细分析电荷泵锁相环结构的基础上,建立了一个完整的电荷泵锁相环AMS模型.仿真结果表明本文所建立的模型能准确反映出实际锁相环的有关特性.     

Lyapunov在电荷泵锁相环设计中的应用

状态空间方程描述的控制系统分析中广泛应用Lyapunov理论分析稳定性.因此,本文以具有一个零点的三阶电荷泵锁相环为例,建立了电荷泵锁相环的状态空间描述方程,并运用Lyapunov理论对其进行稳定性分析,且推导了其跟踪阶跃响应的能力.为了验证该方法的正确性,本文最后利用Verilog-AMS语言编写了电荷泵锁相环的行为级模型.模型仿真结果表明,控制系统的Lvapunov理论确实可以用来分析电荷泵锁相环的稳定性和阶跃响应.     

一种实现快速锁定的锁相环的研究

本文对电荷泵型锁相环（CPPLL）结构里传统的固定电荷泵电流模式进行了改进，有效减少了锁相环系统的锁定时间。本文提出的PLL设计．在0．6μm标准CMOS工艺、3．3V工作电压下，使用应用广泛的高速鉴频鉴相器（r11SPC）结构、差分电荷泵电路实现。经过Spectre仿真，改进后的锁相环锁定时间减少为改进前时的112。     

一个改进型CMOS电荷泵锁相环的设计

本文针对传统电荷泵电路的非理想效应,对CMOS锁相环中的电荷泵电路进行了改进,设计了一种采用电流控制技术的新型pump-up电荷泵.采用标准chartered 0.35um/3.3V模型,通过Cadence Spectre仿真,仿真结果显示,该锁相环有效地抑制了电荷共享和电流失配非理想特性的影响,消除了锁相环输出抖动,可稳定输出13.56MHz时钟信号,稳定时间小于11.2us,功耗小于 18mW.     

一种用于高速PLL的CMOS电荷泵电路的设计

通过对电荷泵电路中存在的电荷注入、时钟馈通、电荷共享等现象的分析,设计了一个新型的高速电荷泵锁相环.电荷泵的设计是根据Mentor Graphics的eldo平台仿真CMOS0.35um技术.工艺,.仿真采用3.3V电源电压供电,功耗为0.47mW.仿真结果表明,该电荷泵电路可以很好地满足高速锁相环电路的要求.     

电荷泵中电流失配的讨论

电荷泵锁相环在电子通讯技术中的应用非常广泛,本文分析了电荷泵的工作原理以及它对锁相环性能的影响,讨论了电荷泵中的电流失配现象,给出了从晶体管尺寸和电路结构两方面减小电流失配的方法。     

基于MA型分布式算法的高阶FIR滤波器设计及其FPGA实现

针对利用现有分布式算法在FPGA上实现高阶FIR滤波器时,存在资源消耗量过大和运行速度慢等问题,提出一种新型高阶FIR滤波器的FPGA实现方法。首先综合采用多相分解结构、流水线等技术对高阶FIR滤波器进行降阶处理,然后采用提出的基于二输入开关和加法器对的分布式算法结构(MA型DA结构)实现降阶后的FIR滤波器。利用ISE10.1在Xilinx Xc2vp30 7ff896 FPGA开发板上实现了一系列8阶到256阶的串行和并行结构FIR滤波器。实验结果表明,该方法有效地减少了系统的资源消耗,提高了系统的时序性能。     

三阶电荷泵锁相环的分析与仿真

在分析锁相环基本原理和线性化模型的基础上,给出了基于锁相环系统环路带宽和相位裕度的环路滤波器参数的计算公式.结合具体的参数计算,给出系统参数,然后用ADS工具对系统进行仿真,结果表明利用给出的方法来设定锁相环的参数,通过反复几次的调节能得到一组很好的系统参数,仿真结果于预期的相吻合,对三阶电荷泵锁相环的系统设计和仿真有一定的指导意义.     

电荷泵锁相环电路建模与仿真

电荷泵锁相环是一种能够跟踪输入信号相位变化的闭环自动跟踪系统,此类电路具有负反馈闭环特点,系统状态多,工作特性复杂,其设计与仿真分析一直是电子设备时钟系统的难点问题。针对上述问题,研究了电荷泵锁相环电路的设计步骤与仿真分析方法。首先,推导电荷泵锁相环各模块的数学模型;其次,建立了各模块电路仿真模型,仿真分析了环路稳定性以及各模块对环路整体性能的影响。研究结果为电荷泵锁相环电路的设计与仿真提供了理论依据,对实际电路设计具有一定参考价值。     

Boundary stabilization of a cascade of ODE‐wave systems subject to boundary control matched disturbance

In this paper, we are concerned with a cascade of ODE‐wave systems with the control actuator‐matched disturbance at the boundary of the wave equation. We use the sliding mode control (SMC) technique and the active disturbance rejection control method to overcome the disturbance, respectively. By the SMC approach, the disturbance is supposed to be bounded only. The existence and uniqueness of solution for the closed‐loop via SMC are proved, and the monotonicity of the ‘reaching condition’ is presented without the differentiation of the sliding mode function, for which it may not always exist for the weak solution of the closed‐loop system. Considering that the SMC usually requires the large control gain and may exhibit chattering behavior, we then develop an active disturbance rejection control to attenuate the disturbance. The disturbance is canceled in the feedback loop. The closed‐loop systems with constant high gain and time‐varying high gain are shown respectively to be practically stable and asymptotically stable. Then we continue to consider output feedback stabilization for this coupled ODE‐wave system, and we design a variable structure unknown input‐type state observer that is shown to be exponentially convergent. The disturbance is estimated through the extended state observer and then canceled in the feedback loop by its approximated value. These enable us to design an observer‐based output feedback stabilizing control to this uncertain coupled system. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Disturbance Observer Based Dynamic Output Feedback Controller Design for Linear Uncertain Systems

For linear multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems with mismatched parameter uncertainties and matched nonlinear perturbations, a compensator‐based controller based on the disturbance estimation algorithm is considered in this paper. We design a reduced‐order high‐gain observer to estimate the effect of matched perturbation, and introduce the estimation information into the controller design. Using singular perturbation theory, the proposed control law can guarantee robust stability of the closed‐loop system. Moreover, the peaking phenomenon in the control input during the transient time can be effectively avoided using our method. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed method is illustrated by a numerical example.     

Fixed‐order robust H∞ control and control‐oriented uncertainty set shaping for systems with ellipsoidal parametric uncertainty

In this paper, sufficient conditions for robust output feedback controller design for systems with ellipsoidal parametric uncertainty are given in terms of solutions to a set of linear matrix inequalities. A polynomial method is employed to design a fixed‐order controller that assigns closed‐loop poles within a given region of the complex plane and that satisfies an H_∞ performance specification. The main feature of the proposed method is that it can be extended easily for control‐oriented uncertainty set shaping using a standard input design approach. Consequently, the results can be extended to joint robust control/input design procedure whose controller structure and performance specifications are translated into the requirements on the input signal spectrum used in system identification. This way, model uncertainty set can be tuned for the robust control design procedure. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Closed loop experiment design for linear time invariant dynamical systems via LMIs

All stationary experimental conditions corresponding to a discrete-time linear time-invariant causal internally stable closed loop with real rational system and feedback controller are characterized using the Youla-Kucera parametrization. Finite dimensional parametrizations of the input spectrum and the Youla-Kucera parameter allow a wide range of closed loop experiment design problems, based on the asymptotic (in the sample size) covariance matrix for the estimated parameters, to be recast as computationally tractable convex optimization problems such as semi-definite programs. In particular, for Box-Jenkins models, a finite dimensional parametrization is provided which is able to generate all possible asymptotic covariance matrices. As a special case, the very common situation of a fixed controller during the identification experiment can be handled and optimal reference signal spectra can be computed subject to closed loop signal constraints. Finally, a brief numerical comparison with closed loop experiment design based on a high model order variance expression is presented.     

一种新颖的闭环频域辨识方法及其在大滞后系统Smith预估控制中的应用

提出了一种大滞后系统的频域辨识方法并将其用于 Smith预估控制 .这种辨识方法不需要困难的信号设计和单独的信号发生设备 ,能够以闭环的方式测试系统指定相位处的频率特性并最终得到系统的传递函数模型 .由于所提出的辨识方法的特点 ,它非常适用于 Smith预估控制方案 ,实现对工业过程中大滞后系统的有效控制 .对一个高阶大滞后过程的仿真取得了非常好的效果 ,表明了所提出方法的有效性     

基于Backstepping设计的不确定非线性系统的预测控制

本文的目的是针对一类带有不确定性的单输入单输出的仿射非线性系统,设计一种非线性预测控制器.用反步设计思想获得具有待定参数的控制器表达式,然后用预测控制在线优化获得控制器的参数.用这种方法设计的控制器更易使闭环系统稳定,且闭环系统具有良好的动态特性.连续发酵过程的仿真结果也验证了控制器是有效的.     

Equivalent transfer function method for PI/PID controller design of MIMO processes

In this paper, a novel engineering oriented control system design method for multivariable processes is presented. By employing the concepts of energy transmission ratio and effective relative gain, an equivalent transfer function matrix for closed loop control system can be obtained. Based on the equivalent transfer function matrix, both off-diagonal decoupling controllers and main loop diagonal controllers can be easily designed using the existing PI/PID tuning rules. The main advantages of the method are that: (1) the overall control system performance is better compared with the existing decoupling control methods; (2) it is very simple which can be easily understood and implemented by field control engineers; and (3) the control system is robust, it can still work with satisfactory performance even under significant model mismatches. Several multivariable industrial processes with different interaction characteristics are employed to demonstrate the simplicity and effectiveness of the design method.     

基于FPGA的智能控制器设计及测试方法研究

通过模糊自整定PID控制器的设计,本文提出了一种基于VHDL描述、DSPBuilder和Modelsim混合仿真、FPGA实现的智能控制器设计及测试新方法。首先,通过MATLAB仿真,得出智能控制器的结构和参数。然后,基于VHDL进行智能控制器的数字化实现及其开环测试。在此基础上,通过分析一般智能控制器的测试特点,采用DSPBuilder构建闭环测试系统,Modelsim运行DSPBuilder生成文件来验证QuartusII中所做VHDL设计的测试方法。实验表明,该测试方法能有效模拟控制器的激励输入信号,适用于需闭环测试检验控制品质的智能控制器设计。     

EFFECTIVE DECENTRALIZED TITO PROCESS IDENTIFICATION FROM CLOSED‐LOOP STEP RESPONSES

In this paper, a new identification method performed in the time domain based on the decentralized step‐test is proposed for two inputs and two outputs (TITO) processes with significant interactions. In terms of parameter identification, the coupled closed‐loop TITO system is decoupled to obtain four individual single open‐loop systems with the same input signal. As in the SISO case, new linear regression equations are derived, from which the parameters of a first‐ or second‐order plus dead‐time model can be obtained directly. The proposed method outperforms the existing estimation methods for multivariable control systems that use step‐test responses. Furthermore, the method is robust in the presence of high levels of measurement noise. Simulation examples are given to show both effectiveness and practicality of the identification method for a wide range of multivariable processes. The usefulness of the identified method in multivariable process modeling and controller design is demonstrated.