基于FPGA的大面阵CMOS相机高速率电子学系统设计

目前深空遥感探测多采用CCD作为高分辨率相机的传感器,相较于CCD,面阵CMOS驱动更简单、功耗更低、抗辐射能力更强,是深空遥感探测目前的发展趋势。为此,本文基于CMOSIS公司生产的型号为CMV20000,图像分辨率为5 120×3 840的CMOS探测器,设计完成了一个大面阵CMOS高分辨率相机,图像分辨率为5 120×3 840。详细阐述了以FPGA为核心的电子学系统的整体结构,结合CMV20000的工作模式和时序电路,实现了高分辨图像的高速传输以及数据校正。试验结果表明,设计的相机系统方案合理,解决了CMV20000数据无法对齐的数据校正问题,系统运行稳定可靠,安装光学系统后能够获取高质量图像。     

Continuous variable structure controller for BLDDSM positioncontrol with prescribed tracking performance

The continuous, accurate, and robust sliding mode tracking controller based on a disturbance observer for a brushless direct drive servo motor (BLDDSM) is presented. Although the conventional sliding mode control (SMC) or variable structure control (VSC) can give the desired tracking performance, there exists an inevitable chattering problem in control which is undesirable for a direct drive system. With the proposed algorithm, not only are the chattering problems removed, but also the prescribed tracking performance can be obtained by using the efficient compensation of the disturbance observer. The design of the sliding mode tracking controller for the prescribed, accurate, and robust tracking performance without the chattering problem is given based on the results of the detailed stability analysis. The usefulness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through the computer simulations for a BLDDSM under load variations     

时序控制器TCON的研究与设计

阐述了TFT-LCD的显示原理、系统结构和时序控制器TCON的设计方案。该模块设计主要为减少中、小尺寸TFT-LCD时序控制器的芯片管脚数,提高通用性,与一般TCON只能驱动2～3种分辨率的面板相比较,该设计支持8种显示模式。实现对TFT-LCD面板的时序控制,产生源驱动器模块和门驱动器模块所需要的各种控制信号、Vcom的极性控制及显示模式控制,实现对模拟RGB信号的显示控制,源驱动器和门驱动器的时序控制信号可兼容多家LCD面板的时序要求。支持16:9和4:3的TFT-LCD面板。该设计可灵活应用于市场上大部分的中、小尺寸TFT-LCD面板。产品可应用于车载电视、便携式DVD等。     

基于FPGA的超声波传感器前端电路设计

超声波传感器广泛应用于风速、风向的测量,前端电路的设计直接关乎系统性能的好坏.为达到稳定的驱动效果,驱动电路采用了低压驱动方式.为能接收稳定、准确的超声波信号,设计了接收及信号处理电路,进行接收抗干扰限幅处理、前置放大、带通滤波、自动增益控制放大和电压比较,将所接收的超声波交变电压信号转换成可供FPGA 直接使用的数字信号.实验结果验证,各个电路模块的设计均满足系统要求.     

大口径SiC主镜主动支撑研究及促动器设计

大口径轻量化SiC主镜是一种新型主镜,之前没有成功的支撑案例作为参考。通过对各类大口径主镜的主动支撑技术的优劣进行分析,确定利用液压并联力促动器的支撑方式对SiC轻量化主镜进行支撑,并利用自由谐振模式定标方法研究了某4 m SiC主镜的校正力需求,计算发现该主镜对力促动器的校正力分辨率要求为0.1 N。针对这一需求,详细分析了影响机械式力促动器精度的主要因素,并进行了相应的设计,采用步进电机作为动力源,通过大减速比减速器驱动滚珠丝杠输出微米级微位移,并利用复合弹簧系统将位移转化为作用力,最终设计并加工出一款高精度力促动器,并对促动器进行了测试,发现该促动器的输出力范围-400～400 N,位移分辨率0.96 m,力分辨率0.05 N,可以满足主动支撑对力促动器的需求。     

基于HSI模型的全彩LED驱动电路设计

为了改善LED模组的照明质量,实现对LED模组色温的调节,通过分析LED模组的驱动电路技术,提出一种基于HSI模型的全彩LED驱动电路的设计方案。该驱动电路利用三色比例调节达到所需要的颜色,并采用PID调节方式,以保证调节的稳定。另外还可以调节输出光的色温和光强,达到了良好的照明效果。     

高Q超导谐振腔的实验研究

针对频率标准用超导腔的设计,通过理论分析及CST仿真优化得到了一种高Q纯铌超导谐振腔的设计。所设计超导腔工作模式为TM010模,谐振频率为4.452GHz,Q值在液氦温度4.2K时达到3.4×107,在减压降温到2K左右时达到1.9×109,实验结果与设计结果一致,验证了设计的正确性和实验装置的可行性。     

Tunable mode converter using electromagnet-induced long-period grating in two-mode fiber

We present an in-fiber mode converter that changes the propagation ratio of two core modes. A dynamic long-period grating is constructed in a two-mode fiber by the combination of an electromagnet with a nonmagnetic spring coiled around a stiff iron rod. The fundamental mode is converted to the LP₁₁ mode according to the voltage applied on the electromagnet. The mode-conversion wavelength can be tuned by stretching the coil spring. Compared to the coupling result with leaky cladding modes, the mode-conversion bandwidth expands from 5 nm to 90 nm and the drive voltage decreases almost by half.     

基于二维模型的静电梳状结构平稳性分析

微静电驱动器作为MEMS中一个重要的功能实现器，是当前MEMS中研究的热点。文章基于二维模型结合垂直平移刚度及转动刚度两方面综合考虑，对静电微驱动结构单元的面不平稳性及最大静态位移进行了研究分析。其最大静态位移与叉指间距，初始重叠长度以及弹性系数比有关，分析了理论结果并通过FEM进行验证。     

面阵电荷耦合器件错位成像的建模与仿真

为了定量研究面阵电荷耦合器件(CCD)错位成像技术图像质量的提高以及CCD像元填充因子对图像质量的影响,建立了仿真不同像元填充因子的面阵CCD错位成像的数学模型。以Matlab为平台,不考虑噪声的干扰,对ISO12233标准分辨率测试卡子图像进行了仿真,结果表明,CCD像元填充因子为100%时,与普通成像模式相比,对角错位、四点错位成像模式图像的灰度平均梯度分别提高了2.9970、3.4136,拉普拉斯能量分别提高了0.5676、0.7478,且CCD像元填充因子为其他值时,相较于普通成像模式,对角错位、四点错位成像模式图像的GMG和EOL均得到提高;采用四点错位成像模式时,与填充因子为100%的面阵CCD相比,填充因子为69%、44%、25%的面阵CCD四点错位模式图像的灰度平均梯度分别提高了1.433 0、3.337 3、5.153 2,拉普拉斯能量分别提高了0.638 0、1.704 4、3.196 8,且采用其他成像模式时,填充因子为100%、69%、44%、25%的图像的GMG和EOL均不断提高。研究表明,面阵CCD错位成像技术能够提高图像质量,且四点错位成像模式图像质量优于对角错位成像模式;在满足信噪比指标要求的前提下,对于面阵CCD同一成像模式,像元填充因子越小,图像质量越高。     

A 10-MHz SOI-Based Face Shear Square Micromechanical Resonator

A 10-MHz face shear (FS) square micromechanical resonator based on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology is presented in this paper. In order to examine the improvement of quality factor as well as motional resistance Rx in this structure, the center-stem anchor is employed in this study. The benefit of anchoring the square in the center, which is the nodal point, is that the energy losses through the anchor can be minimized. Hence, a quality factor value of 2.0 million and the motional resistance of 8.2 kΩ can be obtained with an FS mode resonator via finite element (FE) simulation. The results show the significance of the FS mode in this design, not only in its structure but also in its square-extensional mode and Lame-mode. Additionally, an SOI-based fabrication process is proposed to support the design.     

A programmable multi-channel CMOS pulser chip to drive ultrasonicarray transducers

This paper describes the development of a 16-channel programmable pulse generator Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). The General Purpose Pulser Chip (GPPC-16) can supply pulses delayed by up to 0.5 ms with a 1 ns time resolution. By employing novel design techniques, this has been achieved in standard CMOS technology. The design employs a CMOS delay line in conjunction with a phase-locked-loop. In this way a 16-phase clock is generated, which can drive 16 programmable counters. Currently the chip is being used to drive ultrasonic transducer arrays. The construction of these piezoelectric polymer arrays is also briefly discussed     

麦弗逊悬架在ADMS中嵌入遗传因子的优化研究

基于麦弗逊汽车悬架动力神经结构中的麦弗逊汽车悬架动力神经结构运动参数与数据优化瓶颈,利用基于麦弗逊汽车悬架动力神经结构空间结构和麦弗逊汽车悬架动力神经结构运动性能建立麦弗逊汽车悬架动力神经结构运动模型。同时利用数学运算数学运算几何定位节点的关联函数。同时利用汽车遗传因子方法进一步优化麦弗逊汽车悬架动力神经结构运动模型,并嵌入在Adams中。仿真实验表明：在Adams中嵌入汽车遗传因子后可有效控制定位节点的滑移量。所设计的ADAMS嵌入汽车遗传因子的优化设计方法,能够在汽车汽车悬架动力参数与数据优化时快速实现,证明了所建立模型的正确性和优化设计方法的有效性。     

基于截获因子评价的双基前视SAR成像LPI设计

降低雷达辐射信号被截获概率,是保障机载平台战场生存与作战效能发挥的重要方面。本文结合双基雷达在低截获（LPI）方面的优势,提出了基于截获因子评价的移不变双基前视条带合成孔径雷达（SAR）成像LPI探测设计方法。考虑利用截获因子评价双基SAR成像的LPI性能,针对移不变双基前视条带SAR成像模式,简要分析了成像分辨率,推导了截获因子表达式,在保证成像性能前提下,以降低截获因子为目标设计了LPI探测方法,并进行了仿真验证。实验结果表明,本文提出的方法能明显改善机载火控雷达SAR模式的抗截获性能。     

Stability and Performance of Single-Bit Sigma-Delta Modulators Operated in Quasi-Sliding Mode

Single-bit sigma-delta modulators operated in the quasi-sliding mode are investigated. Sufficient conditions for the existence and stability of this mode of operation are derived. The derived stability conditions, along with an accurate prediction of its performance, enable a high-order modulator to be exactly designed. A fifth-order modulator is designed to convert audio-band signals with an effective resolution of 20 bits to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed analysis and method of design.     

Computer-aided design and analysis of direct-driven wheel motordrive

This paper presents the computer-aided design (CAD) and performance analysis of a novel direct-driven wheel brushless DC motor drive for electric vehicles (EVs). The proposed motor is a permanent magnet square-wave motor, whose rotor with rare earth magnets forms the exterior of the motor, which can be fitted with a wheel tire to realize the direct drive for each wheel of an EV. The interior stator with its windings is rigidly mounted onto the suspension and frame structure of the vehicle. In order to achieve the direct drive without any mechanical transmission for EVs, the wheel motor has been designed as a low-speed high-torque motor. The design and optimization of the motor geometry was achieved with the aid of finite-element electromagnetic field analysis. Simulation studies on the transient performance of the motor drive were also carried out. This involved the creation of the motor transient model and formulation of a motor control strategy to ensure the wheel motor drive runs efficiently in the entire permitted speed and load range. The application of CAD techniques in the design of this very unconventional drive is described in this paper     

一种新型白光LED模组驱动电路的设计

为了改善白光LED模组的照明质量,实现对白光LED模组色温的调节,通过分析白光LED模组的驱动电路技术,提出了一种新型白光LED模组驱动电路的设计方案。该驱动电路中利用PWM方式驱动RGB三色LED,并通过光强反馈来分别控制三色LED的PWM信号。该电路具有稳定输出光功率的功能,另外还可以调节输出光的色温和光强,达到了良好的照明效果。     

Nonlinear robust control of a vector-controlled synchronousreluctance machine

This paper presents the implementation of Slotine's approach of sliding mode control for position control of a vector-controlled synchronous reluctance machine. A comparison is undertaken between the performance of a fixed gain controller and two sliding mode controllers for both the regulator and servo cases. Invariant performance is obtained using Slotine's approach of sliding mode control compared to a fixed gain controller. Robustness to parameter variation is an important feature of this technique. This can be achieved through the control law design, assuming parameter variation bounds are known. These improvements are demonstrated for variations in the load inertia. Machine inductance ripple affects the quality of achievable position control. A state-space model for the machine to incorporate this effect yields drive simulation results that agree with presented experimental results     

Finestructure in the spectra of GaAlAs heterostructure lasers

An experimental setup allowing high resolution measurements to be performed on the emission lines of injection lasers is described. Axial and transverse mode laser structures can be observed as they change under dc input current variations and modulation signal influence. A resolution limit of 80 MHz is obtained. Results show a new finestructure ripple on the emission lines of GaAlAs heterostructure lasers which is distinct from the transverse mode structure. Axial mode amplitude limiting and simultaneous spectral widening are observed with increasing laser drive currents.     

Beam quality of photonic-crystal fibers

In this paper, we investigate the beam quality of photonic-crystal fibers (PCFs) with one, three, and seven missing airholes. The beam quality factor M/sup 2/ of a PCF is generally larger than unity, even if it is single mode. The results are especially important for the design and measurements of single-mode PCF lasers. A comparison between an M/sup 2/ measurement of the laser beam and the reported numbers can establish whether a PCF laser is operating as single mode or is contaminated by higher order modes.