表面粗糙度对零件耐磨性能的影响

本文通过实验研究了表面粗糙度在摩擦过程中的变化规律,分析了表面粗糙度对零件耐磨性能的影响。     

基体表面粗糙度对镀铬轴机械电解镜面抛光的影响

机械电解镜面抛磨镀硬铬层轴类零件时，通常从电、液参数，工件，工具转速等着手，优选出最佳参数。但在试验中发现，零件基体表面粗糙度对抛光效果有着非常重要的影响，甚至决定抛光的成败。通过对比试验发现，零件基体表面粗糙度越低，抛光效果越好；反之，则差。     

新型滚光刀在数控车床上的推广应用

表面粗糙度是机械加工企业加工零件质量好坏的一个重要指标。尤其是表面粗糙度要求特别高的零件,必须在磨床上加工才能保证质量。这样不但增加生产成本,而且降低加工效率,直接影响到产品的进度,这是很多制造企业的一大心病。我们通过对问题的分析,采用普通车刀和滚光刀分别进行车削加工,检测零件的表面粗糙度,发现用滚光刀加工在零件表面粗糙度相对较高的情况下可以实现"以车代磨"的效果,提高了加工效率,挖掘滚光刀的优点并加以推广。     

零件加工质量（尺寸和表面粗糙度）在线检测技术研究

章研究零件加工质量在线检测的方法和关键技术。在分析在线检测工作尺寸和表面粗糙度检测方法及特点的基础上,建立检测工件尺寸的神经网络和检测表面粗糙度的模糊神经网络,并且建立了零件加工质量在线检测系统。实验表明该方法能够正确地实时检测工件的尺寸变化和工件表面粗糙度。     

喷丸材料及粒径对300M钢原始表面粗糙度的影响

过去的研究忽视了零件表面原始粗糙度对喷丸后形成的粗糙度的重大影响,而表面粗糙度又是考核喷丸质量的重要指标。采用车削、精车削和磨削3种加工方式在300M钢表面形成3种粗糙度,采用不同喷丸工艺,测定了300M钢喷丸前后的表面粗糙度,观察了材料表面形貌,研究了喷丸对300M钢表面粗糙度的影响。结果显示,铸钢弹丸对材料表面形貌...     

谈表面粗糙度标注的新标准

表面粗糙度是反映零件表面微观几何形状 误差的尺寸特征量,是评定零件表面质量的指标 之一,它的大小直接影响零件的使用性能。能否 正确合理地标注表面粗糙度,对提高设计质量是 很重要的。其标注的依据是GB/T131-93《机械 制图 表面粗糙度符号、代号及其注法》。为了更 好地贯彻新标准,应当通过新旧标准异同的对比     

浅析机匣加工中岛屿表面向心粗糙度的加工技术

本文介绍了某高压压气机机匣零件加工过程中岛屿表面向心(同心圆纹)粗糙度的加工技术,可达到岛屿表面Ra0.8的向心粗糙度要求。该岛屿表面与配套的装配零件贴合,可以起到气流密封的作用。与通常的垂直铣削表面不同,本文采用多轴联动的加工中心,使主轴回转中心与被切削表面在互相垂直的基础上倾斜1°,使用类似同心圆型或螺旋形的切削路径,便可形成该类粗糙度,并且具有较高的粗糙度质量。     

左右侧吊耳工艺分析

左右侧吊耳是某型机的关键零件,该零件毛料为模锻件,材料为40Cr Ni Mo A。该零件不仅尺寸精度、技术条件要求极高,而且机加表面粗糙度Ra0.1.6的要求也相对苛刻,给工艺制造带来了很大困难。加工左、右侧吊耳小端面槽时,表面粗糙度一直无法满足设计要求。     

表面粗糙度及表面形状的测量与描述

用足够的放大倍数研究零件表面时，发现所有的固体表面都是不平的。在最小的情况下，可认为表面粗糙度是以单个的原子或分子的尺寸呈现的。例如，当我们仔细将云母样品分层时，表面就可能是以分子组成光滑表面的。而实际工程中用的准确度最高的抛光表面所呈现的粗糙度尺寸也远远大于原子的尺寸。研究表面粗糙度及表面形状，最理想的测量方法应是扫描显微镜或原子力显微镜法，它们能解决单个原子的问题。但对大多数工程实际来讲，更适合的方法是研究表面形貌。一、表面粗糙度及表面形状的测量1．接触测量法表面光度仪，其基本原理如图1所示。…     

N-3M立式炮塔铣床盘铣刀的改进

该文介绍N-3M立式炮塔铣床在加工平面时,使用盘铣刀加工平面零件时机床、刀具产生较大振动,工件表面粗糙度差,吃刀量较浅的问题,经过改进后得出的直柄小型盘铣刀适合N-3M立式炮塔铣机床的使用,可以解决加工平面零件时出现的刀具与主轴的振动和背吃刀量的问题,提高了零件表面粗糙度,满足加工平面零件的需求,提高生产效率和加工质量。     

SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF SPUTTERED SILICON. II. MODEL VERIFICATION

Experimental verification of the mathematical surface roughness model for sputtered silicon was performed. The beam shape and its significant level of intensity were determined first by measuring the topography of craters sputtered by focused ion beam (FIB). Then the beam function was generated for various combinations of beam parameters. The material function was developed both by theoretical and experimental analysis. These two functions were then used in the model to calculate the theoretical surface roughness. Microsurface analysis was formed by FIB sputtering of a (100) silicon wafer. The surface roughness at the bottom of the sputtered features was then measured using an atomic force microscope. The theoretical surface roughness was found to be within ±1 and ±5 nm of the measured surface roughness with the measurement uncertainty (standard deviation) of about ±0.36 and ±0.85 nm for R_a and R_t, respectively.     

Grinding surface roughness measurement based on the co-occurrence matrix of speckle pattern texture

Surface speckle pattern intensity distribution resulting from laser light scattering from a rough surface contains various information about the surface geometrical and physical properties. A surface roughness measurement technique based on the texture analysis of surface speckle pattern texture images is put forward. In the surface roughness measurement technique, the speckle pattern texture images are taken by a simple setup configuration consisting of a laser and a CCD camera. Our experimental results show that the surface roughness contained in the surface speckle pattern texture images has a good monotonic relationship with their energy feature of the gray-level co-occurrence matrices. After the measurement system is calibrated by a standard surface roughness specimen, the surface roughness of the object surface composed of the same material and machined by the same method as the standard specimen surface can be evaluated from a single speckle pattern texture image. The robustness of the characterization of speckle pattern texture for surface roughness is also discussed. Thus the surface roughness measurement technique can be used for an in-process surface measurement.     

航空发动机叶片粗糙度测量方法研究

航空发动机叶片表面弯扭大,加工过程中难以保证表面粗糙度一致。针对现阶段粗糙度测量方法在测量叶片时缺少测量位置和方向的定义,导致测得的粗糙度值无法判定叶片粗糙度合格性的问题,开展了叶片粗糙度测量方法研究。基于叶片实测截面数据,利用坐标测量机上搭载的粗糙度测头,通过对不同类型的叶片进行多位置多方向的粗糙度测量实验,分析不同位置、不同方向的粗糙度测量结果差异,得到了叶片粗糙度测量方法。本方法将叶片粗糙度与叶片型面相关联,解决了叶片粗糙度的测量位置和测量方向缺乏规范的问题。研究结果对准确、有效、规范地评估叶片表面质量的合格性具有重要意义。     

A low‐cost and reliable optical inspection system for rapid surface roughness measurements of polycrystalline thin films

Excimer laser crystallization is a well‐known industrially used technique to produce high‐performance polycrystalline silicon thin films on the commercially available inexpensive glass substrates for the development of high‐performance low temperature polycrystalline silicon thin‐film transistors in active matrix flat panel displays. A rapid optical measurement system for rapid surface roughness measurement of polycrystalline silicon thin films was developed in this study. Two kinds of thicknesses of polycrystalline silicon thin films were used to study rapid surface roughness measurements. Six different incident angles were employed for measuring surface roughness of polycrystalline silicon thin films. The results reveal that the incident angle of 20° was found to be a good candidate for measuring surface roughness of polycrystalline silicon thin films. Surface roughness (y) of polycrystalline silicon thin films can be determined rapidly from the average value of reflected direct current voltage (x) measured by the optical system developed using the trend equation of y = –8.9854x + 91.496. The maximum measurement error rate of the optical measurement system developed was less than 5.72%. The savings in measurement time was up to 83%.     

表面粗糙度比较样块Ra测量结果的不确定度评定

对表面粗糙度比较样块Ra测量结果的合成不确定度和扩展不确定度的分析与计算进行了阐述。该方法对表面粗糙度测量结果的不确定度评定有一定参考价值。     

Machine vision assisted characterization of machined surfaces

This paper demonstrates the feasibility of using an inexpensive machine vision system to compute non-contact, optical parameters for the characterization of surface roughness of machined surfaces. Two parameters were selected for online analysis, where surface roughness is measured during the rotation of a specimen on a lathe. The sensitivity of the vision-based optical parameters to differences in surface roughness, ambient light and spindle speed of a lathe during measurement was evaluated. Statistical analysis of data collected through experimentation revealed that the vision parameters can discriminate different surface roughness heights and are insensitive to changes in ambient lighting and speed of rotation during measurement. The results of the experimental analysis were used to conclude the feasibility of using machine vision for the evaluation of surfaces.     

表面粗糙度国际比对自动测量系统关键技术研究

基于中国计量科学研究院的表面粗糙度基准计量装置,开展了视觉定位系统、自动操作系统和多自由度位移系统的研究,从而实现依据国际比对协议规定流程的自动化测量。实验验证表明：该系统可有效实现表面粗糙度的自动化测量,满足国际比对的要求。在对国际比对规定的表面粗糙度标准器的测量实验中,该系统的自动定位测量的重复性为4.2 nm,相比于手动定位测量提高了2.6倍,有效地减少了测量过程中引入的人为误差。     

基于激光二维散射原理在线测量表面粗糙度

针对现有零件表面粗糙度测量仪器操作复杂,现场测量能力差的问题,提出一种基于激光二维散射的在线测量方法,该方法不仅可以测量表面粗糙度的统计参数,而且可以反映出表面纹理的形貌特征.在测量中,用无衍射激光光束作光源,用高精度的CCD摄像机作位移传感器,利用Matlab进行表面粗糙度测量数据采集与处理,使表面粗糙度在线检测成为...     

Effect of surface roughness on measurement of light distribution in intralipid suspension

Light distribution in the biological tissue phantom intralipid suspension with different interface roughness was measured for quantitative understanding of surface roughness effect. The results show that the surface roughness strongly affects light distribution inside the approximately semi-infinite biological tissue phantom. The phantom surface possesses a certain degree roughness and the effect of the surface roughness on measurement results of light distribution in tissue is substantial, so the measurement of light distribution in biological tissue needs to take surface roughness into account.     

Development of a laser-scattering-based probe for on-line measurement of surface roughness

The design and properties of an optical probe for on-line measurement of surface roughness are discussed. Based on light scattering, a probe that consists of a laser diode, a measuring lens, and a linear photodiode array was designed to detect surface roughness, in which the light scattered from a test surface at a relatively large scattering angle phi (=28 degrees) can be collected to enhance measuring range and repeatability. A coaxial design that incorporates a dual-laser probe and compressed air makes the proposed system insensitive to the position of the test surface and to surface conditions such as the presence of debris, vibration, and lubricants that result from machining. The results from measurements of several sets of specimens have demonstrated the feasibility of measuring surface roughness by using light scattering. On-line measurement on a diamond-turning lathe has shown that the proposed technique is stable and compact enough to be applicable to on-line measurement of surface roughness of an engineering surface.