精炼脱臭中冷冻水真空系统和乙二醇型“干冰”冷凝真空系统的技术经济分析

介绍了冷冻水真空系统和乙二醇型"干冰"冷凝真空系统的工作原理及工艺特点,并进行了技术性能对比。对两种真空系统应用在不同规模精炼脱臭生产线的经济效益进行了对比,分析了两者的适用范围。结果表明:冷冻水真空系统更适用于中、小规模油脂精炼脱臭真空系统,乙二醇型"干冰"冷凝真空系统更适用于大、中规模油脂精炼脱臭真空系统。     

减少胶乳迁移改善鞋用纸板性能

探讨加入固着剂来减少胶乳在干燥过程中的迁移,固着剂加入量,以及浆种和施胶对鞋用纸板紧度、透气度和层间结合强度的影响。结果表明：加固着剂后,干燥基本上不会引起胶乳迁移,胶乳可在纸板中均匀分布,从而改善了纸板的性能。     

冷凝喷雾干燥在微胶囊化类胡萝卜素的应用研究

传统的高温喷雾干燥法生产微胶囊化类胡萝卜素干粉,虽然干燥速度快,时间短,产品具有良好的分散性和溶解性,生产过程简单和操作控制方便,适用于连续化工业生产,但也存在一定的局限性:产品颗粒细、堆积密度小、复水易抱团、温度高活性成份易发生异构及产品稳定性欠佳等问题突出.而冷凝喷雾干燥技术能成功解决类胡萝卜素产品的这些缺陷,为此研究了冷凝喷雾干燥工艺条件对番茄红素微胶囊化产品的影响,通过单因素分析和正交实验确定了类胡萝卜素冷凝喷雾干燥的最佳工艺条件:乳液黏度500～1000CP,乳液/淀粉流量比1/5,离心头转速900r/min,淀粉送风温度12.5℃,喷雾环孔径0.33mm,乳液温度45～55℃.     

多快好“省”看燃热

对于热水器来说,省时间就是即开即热。可以做到的热水器有即热式电热水器和快速燃气热水器。但真正实现出热水快、出水量充足、长时间供水,多快好"省"地满足舒适洗浴的需求,还是快速燃气热水器占优。目前快速燃气热水器最主要的节能技术就是冷凝式技术和预混燃烧技术,在选购燃气热水器时,不妨多关注带有这两种技术的产品。冷凝式技术冷凝式技术是针对余热回收的技术。普通的燃气热水器工作的时候,会排放出大量的烟气,温度高达     

试论制冷空调冷凝热回收的性能及研究

随着节能减排战略的不断深入,如何从制冷空调入手,通过对其冷凝热回收性能进行分析和研究,采用有效的手段提高其冷凝热回收效率对于推动制冷空调的节能减排工作具有十分重要的意义。鉴于此,文章从制冷空调冷凝热理论入手进行了分析,并就制冷空调冷凝热回收的可行性、种类及存在的问题与对策进行了研究,希望能为相关领域的研究提供借鉴。     

SYNP室外喷淋冷凝装置

根据北方的气候条件而研制的室外喷淋冷凝置的结构及技术特点,即采取夏季用水作换热剂和冬季用冷空气换热的新型冷凝工艺,保证了冷凝部份在低温环境下运行,冷凝效率得到大大提高,并对其经济效益进行了综合评价。     

冷凝温度变化对两相射流泵供液平板速冻机的影响

研究了在不同冷凝温度下平板速冻用两相射流泵的工作性能,分析了冷凝温度对模拟食品的冻结速率和平板速冻机系统总能耗的影响。通过改变冷凝温度,在稳定工况下测试引射系数,探究对射流泵性能的影响。结果表明:冷凝温度25℃时,引射系数最大为1.58,系统能耗比冷凝温度30,40℃时分别降低3.3%和10%,冻结速率提高12.5%和17.5%。     

R404A/R23复叠式超低温制冷系统试验

依托自建的R404A/R23复叠式超低温制冷试验台,采用控制单一变量的方法,研究蒸发温度与冷凝温度对复叠式制冷循环中压缩机压缩比、排气温度、吸气压力、制冷剂流量和制冷系数的影响。结果表明:当蒸发温度从-50℃降至-55℃时,系统制冷系数下降最快,达到2.1%;当冷凝温度从28℃升至30℃时,系统制冷系数下降最快为1.7%,且蒸发温度下降1℃比冷凝温度上升1℃对系统性能系数影响更大。另外,当蒸发温度为-55℃,冷凝温度为36℃时,压缩机排气温度达到最高90℃,此时,系统性能系数最低为1.5,所以,有效控制压缩机排气温度对系统安全和高效运行至关重要。     

国产冷凝式热水器首个行业标准即将出台

建设部城镇燃气标准技术归口单位中国市政工程华北设计研究院表示，国产冷凝式热水器首个行业标准己通过专家组审查，即将颁布。“冷凝式热水器的名称显得有些专业，不过它是当前最节能、最环保的热水器产品。”中国五金协会副秘书长柳润峰介绍，冷凝式燃气热水器是唯一能达到国家一级能效标准的热水器。与普通燃气热水器相比，冷凝器燃气热水器多增加了一级冷凝换热器，通过吸收高温烟气而预热冷水，利用普通燃气热水器作为废气排走的热量，热效率提高15％以上，比传统的燃气快速热水器具有更高的热效率，达96％以上。     

BM1纸板机在nekoski开车成功

芬兰纸张和纸板生产商M-real宣布:2002年9月,BM1纸板机在?nekoski开车成功。改造BM1纸板机的订单是M-real在2001年5月初与Voith签订的。它包括下列部分:湿部、带密闭汽罩的全套干燥部、带大汽罩的扬克式烘缸、带空气干燥器的涂布系统和卷纸机。定单内包括安装和开车。保持松厚度的脱水由一个3压区压榨部完成,其中第二压区采用NipcoFlex靴式压榨。在改造中,干燥部有三个层次安排:现有烘缸继续使用,增加新烘缸和冷缸。新安装了SpeedFlow装置,以便提高预施胶后涂布的质量。采用JetFlowF技术,使生产的纸张达到尽可能高的质量,在纸的正面涂…     

带式干燥技术和设备

本文介绍了一种新的干燥技术——C0ndebelt干燥技术的工作原理和技术特点，并分析了Condebelt干燥技术对纸幅质量的影响。     

涂布纸板微波干燥工艺研究

通过正交试验找出最佳参数，对微波干燥涂布纸板进行了研究，结果表明：（1）微波干燥对涂布纸板具有较好的适用性，干燥效率高，设备简单；（2）微波强度中等干燥效果好，应用时应采用间歇式加热或作纸板预加热；（3）微波干燥较普通干燥方式增加了涂布纸板的耐折度，对挺度，环压强度影响不大。     

细表面轻质刨花板生产技术

依据刨花制备、干燥、施胶、铺装、热压等工序的工艺特点,阐述采用大片薄刨花制备细表面轻质刨花板的工艺技术,重点是使大片薄刨花形态不被破坏,生产符合标准要求的高强度轻质刨花板。     

箱纸板形稳性影响因素的研究与控制

以牛皮箱纸板为例从三个方面探讨了对其形稳性的影响：①纸浆种类及其化学成份；②浆料打浆特性及施胶；③纸页成形及干燥过程。较为详细地论述了网槽型式、抄造定量、横幅不同部位、牵引力、干网的使用、大烘缸的使用与形稳性的关系。     

真空微波干燥金针菇的工艺研究

初步研究了微波真空干燥金针菇的工艺条件,分析了不同工艺参数下水分变化规律,对不同干燥方式下产品的理化指标和感官指标进行了评价。结果表明:在1.2kW、-75kPa、100g条件下干燥能较好地保留金针菇原有的营养物质且复水性较好。真空微波干燥的金针菇多项指标明显优于热风干燥且与冻干接近,干燥效率高。     

细木工板生产工艺初探

对细木工板生产中的芯条加工、干燥、胶拼和热压等工艺提出要求,并实施表板整张化,以保证细木工板质量。关键词：细木工板;芯条;干燥;表板整张化     

Towards understanding the enhancement of moisture diffusion during intermediate-infrared drying of peach pomace based on the glass transition theory

The aim of this study is to understand the moisture diffusion during intermediate-wave infrared radiation (IWIR) based on glass transition theory. Peach pomace was subjected by IWIR and hot air (HA) drying at 60, 70 and 80 °C. Compared to HA drying, IWIR showed high dehydration performance characterized by shorter drying time, higher drying speed and higher effective moisture diffusivity (D_eff). The variations of sample temperature and D_eff were presented in different patterns between HA and IWIR. The state diagram of peach pomace showed higher ΔT (T – T_g) of IWIR compared to HA in all conditions. A significant increase of ΔT value was observed during the mid-stage of IWIR process. These results demonstrated that IWIR is an effective method for pomace drying, which can keep high drying rate and a uniform dehydration process during the whole process by overcoming the diffusion-inhibitory effect.Industrial relevanceThis paper investigated the drying behavior and water diffusion between intermediate-infrared drying and hot air drying on peach pomace. The results revealed that compared to hot air drying, which is commonly used in industrial drying of pomace, intermediate-infrared drying is a more effective drying method for pomace characterized by shorter drying time, higher drying speed and higher effective moisture diffusivity. It can keep relative high drying rate during the whole dehydration process via overcoming the diffusion-inhibitory effect caused by case-hardening phenomenon. The results of this study suggested that intermediate-infrared radiation would be an effective method in industrial drying of fruit pomace alternative to hot air drying.     

Wet Pressing Models to Reduce Energy Consumption in Papermaking

Improved wet pressing reduces the need for drying and consequently energy needed in papermaking. Accordingly, it is desirable to optimize wet pressing, but the process is very complex with many interacting variables. It is therefore desirable to employ a mathematical model that accounts for the major variables to estimate the effects of changes in equipment and operating variables. This paper descibes such a model called the Decreasing Permeability Model (DPM). Mill and pilot plant applications over a wide range of basis weights for paper and paper board are described.     

Colour changes of Scots pine and Norway spruce

Surface of boards, dried with wet bulb temperature above 60 °C are often called discoloured caused by severe resinflow. Discolourisation was evaluated using a tristimulus colour analyser, for measuring the colour changes during drying at three different drying schedules; 50 °C, 60 °C and 70 °C wet bulb temperature. The colour properties were pictured by lightness (L^*), chroma (C^*) and hue (h°). Results showed that lightness decreased and chroma increased during drying. When comparing the three differnt drying schedules the lightness decreased and chroma increased with higher drying temperature. No significant change of hue during drying was noticed, but when comparing the three schedules, hue decreased with higher drying temperature. Drying time and drying temperature level effect the value of lightness more than any other colour properties Values of lightness and chroma returned to its original value after 3 mm planing, while the value of hue for sapwood of Scots pine decreased after 1 mm planing, but increased again after 3 mm, even more for series C (70 °C) than for series A (50 °C). For sapwood of Scots pine, lightness decresed and chroma increased more than for sapwood of Norway spruce, both during drying and with higher drying temperature. A hypothesis is that red-making (or blue) substance such as nutrients and extractives are transported toward the surface during drying and making the surface look more red. That leaves the yellow-making substance in the inner parts of the board and when planing the board, the surface will be more yellow than before.     

造纸污泥薄层干燥模型的研究进展

降低污泥含水率对其进行减量化处理是实现造纸污泥资源化利用的前提。本文针对造纸污泥减量化处理的热干燥过程,结合薄层干燥理论,分析了造纸污泥的干燥机理,回顾了造纸污泥薄层干燥特性与模型的研究进展,对比了不同干燥条件下污泥的薄层干燥模型,可以为造纸污泥干燥过程的动力学分析、设计和优化提供参考。