综采放顶煤采空区注氮防灭火模拟试验研究

采用物理模拟试验研究了综采放顶煤采空区注氮防灭火的适用性．综采放顶煤采空区注氮模型的相似性分析表明，在保证采空区流体动力相似的条件下，即可满足采空区注氮模拟条件．模拟结果表明，对２００ｍ长的综放面采空区注氮难以取得有效的惰化效果．现场观测表明，无煤柱开采的综放面，邻近采空区的漏风及自燃发火危险更大，应在漏风源处注氮，并配合堵漏和均压措施，彻底惰化漏风源．     

南屯矿63上10面综采放顶煤开采覆岩移动变形破坏特征研究

本文根据使用新技术－－双回路注（放）水系统在６３上１０工作面综采放顶煤开采覆岩 坏的探测结果，结合其它采矿方法的实测结果，应用断裂力学理论，研究了放顶煤开采覆岩移动变形破坏特征，为矿进安全生产提供了依据。     

综放开采上覆巨厚砾岩层离层和断裂力学模型及其应用

放顶煤开采上覆巨厚砾岩层变形移动直接影响到采场矿压显现，上覆巨厚砾岩层断裂下沉造成综放面出现大能量微震事件.基于河南省西部矿区某煤矿13230综放面地质采矿条件，利用相似模拟试验和理论分析研究了综放开采上覆巨厚砾岩层离层和断裂力学模型.基于巨厚砾岩层发育特征，以中部弱面为界将其划分为下位和上位砾岩层.相似模拟得到了综放开采砾岩层与下伏岩层之间离层的时空演化规律，将离层演化过程划分为“孕育阶段—加速阶段—缓慢扩展阶段—稳定阶段”4个阶段；模拟得到了砾岩层初次和周期垮落体为四棱柱体，推出了垮落体对综放面冲击能量计算式；建立了综放开采巨厚砾岩层离层和断裂力学模型，推出了离层量和砾岩层初次垮落步距计算式.现场微震系统监测结果表明，巨厚砾岩层下、上位砾岩层的初次和周期垮落产生的震动场都将对综放面煤岩体产生冲击，在综放面前方煤岩体出现大能量的矿震，其中下位砾岩层断裂时对综放面冲击最严重.研究结论对巨厚砾岩层下综放开采时地面减沉和井下冲击地压预测防治具有重要的指导意义.     

放顶煤工作面煤岩活动特点及其顶煤破碎机理

本文结合我国放顶煤开采的实践,对放顶煤工作面顶煤的破碎和移动规律及上覆岩层的活动规律进行了研究,指出了开采深度、煤层强度、支架支护强度及煤层厚度等是影响顶煤破碎和放顶煤效果的主要因素。同时指出了顶煤的破碎是顶煤与上覆岩层相互作用的结果,而支架仅起辅助破煤的作用。并在此提出了顶煤破碎分区。     

兖州矿区放顶煤开采覆岩破坏规律探测研究

在利用井下仰孔探测技术探测了三个矿井放顶煤开采覆岩破坏高度的基础上， 总结分析了导水裂隙带的形态特征及其最大高度发育过程， 所得结论对于进一步研究放顶煤开采覆岩破坏规律及安全生产具有重要的参考与实用价值．     

厚冲积含水层下悬移支架放顶煤开采可行性探讨

以曹庄煤矿的煤层赋存条件为依据，从放顶煤支架的选型、放顶煤开采的充分性和技术经济性等三个方面，对厚冲积含水层下悬移支架放顶煤开采的可行性进行了探讨。     

工作面不同推进方向条件下顶煤移动规律的研究

本文通过实验室相似模拟试验对在缓倾斜或近水平厚煤层综采放顶煤开采时，工作面不同推进方向条件下的顶煤移动规律进行研究，得出了不同条件下的顶煤移动规律，并从力学角度对顶煤块体的移动进行了分析，从而给出了顶煤移动规律的力学解释。     

工作面不同推进方向条件下顶煤移动规律的研究

本文通过实验室相似模拟试验对在缓倾斜或近水平厚煤层综采放顶煤开采时，工作面不同推进方向条件下的顶煤移动规律进行研究，得出了不同条件下的顶煤移动规律，并从力学角度对顶煤块体的移动进行了分析，从而给出了顶煤移动规律的力学解释。     

兖州矿区放顶煤开采覆岩破坏规律探测研究

在利用井下仰孔探测技术探测了三个矿井放顶煤开采覆岩破坏高度的基础上,总结分析了导水裂隙带的形态特征及其最大高度发育过程,所得结论对于进一步研究放顶煤开采覆岩破坏规律及安全生产具有重要的参考与实用价值.     

放顶煤采场矿压显现规律的研究

通过对放顶煤开采方法的实验室相似材料模拟研究和现场矿压实测资料的分析,文章提出了放顶煤采场上覆岩层移动规律和采场矿压显现特征,同时还建立了放顶煤采场矿压结构模型。     

Numerical analysis of application for induction caving roof

New method for handling roof of the base successive mining is proposed, which is induction caving in the roof. The key is that it is made certain to the station of the space-time in the induction caving roof, as the stress is released with the mining process. And applying the catastrophe theory, the influencing factors of induction caving roof are studied in the emptied areas, such as the mechanical property of the surrounding rock, the area of the gob,the scope and dimension of tensile stress. The results show that the key factor is the area of the gob to the method of the induction caving roof. Then according to the geology and the ore characteristic, the three dimension FEM mechanical model is built in Tongkeng Mine, the laws of the tensile stress are analyzed to the space and the time in the roof with the mining, then it is rational design to the mine step and time of the handing the roof.     

急倾斜放顶煤矿压显现规律的观测与研究

通过对宜洛煤矿李沟井伪俯料放顶煤回采工作面的矿压观测,从4个方面研究了急倾斜伪俯斜放顶煤工作面矿压显现规律;（1）工作面的初次来压、周期来压步距和来压强度;（2）沿工作面走向控制区内的顶板压力状况,以及生产工序对控制区内支柱载荷的影响;（3）研究了沿倾斜方向矿压显现特点,分析了与近水平煤层矿压显现不同的原因;（4）观测了上下巷矿压显现规律,并分析了上下巷压力不同的原因．用统计法对伪俯斜放顶煤采煤法和分层开采上下巷矿压显现作了对比。     

Numerical analysis of application for induction caving roof

New method for handling roof of the base successive mining is proposed, which is induction caving in the roof. The key is that it is made certain to the station of the space-time in the induction caving roof, as the stress is released with the mining process. And applying the catastrophe theory, the influencing factors of induction caving roof are studied in the emptied areas, such as the mechanical property of the surrounding rock, the area of the gob, the scope and dimension of tensile stress. The results show that the key factor is the area of the gob to the method of the induction caving roof. Then according to the geology and the ore characteristic, the three dimension FEM mechanical model is built in Tongkeng Mine, the laws of the tensile stress are analyzed to the space and the time in the roof with the mining, then it is rational design to the mine step and time of the handing the roof. Foundation item: Project(50490274) supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China     

宜昌磷矿地压显现规律及数值模拟

在调查宜昌神农、樟村坪、桃坪河等磷矿的地压显现情况的基础上,总结了宜昌磷矿地压显现规律,主要表现为:顶板易发生不规则块体冒落、板状冒落、窝状冒落、顶板下沉等破坏现象;矿柱易发生片落(或剥落)式破坏、劈裂破坏、剪切破坏,以及这些破坏形式的组合;底板易发生鼓胀及开裂变形.利用离散元软件3DEC,结合研究区工程地质条件,分析了宜昌磷矿地压显现机理,认为引起地压活动的原因可归纳为内因和外因两个方面.其中,矿山岩体赋存的地应力条件、地质构造及岩体结构是决定地压活动规律的内因,矿山开采活动、地下水是控制地压活动形式及剧烈程度的外因.建议因地制宜,选择合理的开采方式,并加强地压及变形监测.     

Similar material simulation of time series system for induced caving of roof in continuous mining under backfill

With the help of similar material simulation test,time series system for induced caving of roof in continuous mining under complex backfill in ore body No.92 of Tongkeng Tin Mine was studied. According to the similarity theory,a two-dimensional similar simulation test-bed was constructed. The stress and displacement that change along with the advance of mining were acquired and analyzed automatically by data system. The processes of continuous mining of ore-block in 5 intervals and artificial induced caving of roof were simulated. The results of the test show that ore body remained as safety roof in thickness of 15 m guarantees the safe advance of stoping work face. Caving of safety roof puts in practice at the first two mining intervals when the third interval of continuous mining is finished,and one interval as the safety distance should be kept all the time between stopping and caving. While mining in the last interval,pre-slotting should be implemented first of all,and the roof of the last two mining intervals is caved simultaneously. Only this kind of time series system can be an efficient and safe way for induced caving of roof in continuous mining.     

宝雨山矿放顶煤工作面矿山压力显现规律研究与分析

通过利用GSJ-1型矿压仪、DZ—WCI型单体液压支柱工作阻力检验仪及钢卷尺对宝雨山煤矿11103放顶煤工作面进行了全面矿压观测和研究,掌握了顶板运动规律、工作面矿压显现特征和顶板控制特征．对11103采煤面所使用的支护设备的可靠性和适应性进行了评价,为工作面设备的改进与更新提供了参考;确定了采动影响范围及支承压力分布规律,为合理选择工作面支护方式提供了依据．     

宝雨山矿放顶煤工作面矿山压力显现规律研究与分析

通过利用GSJ-1型矿压仪、DZ-WCI型单体液压支柱工作阻力检验仪及钢卷尺对宝雨山煤矿11103放顶煤工作面进行了全面矿压观测和研究,掌握了顶板运动规律、工作面矿压显现特征和顶板控制特征.对11103采煤面所使用的支护设备的可靠性和适应性进行了评价,为工作面设备的改进与更新提供了参考;确定了采动影响范围及支承压力分布规律,为合理选择工作面支护方式提供了依据.     

两硬综放面顶煤顶板冒放结构探讨

用深基点观测和理论分析的方法揭示坚硬顶板、坚硬煤层条件下综放开采顶煤顶板活动规律及其冒放结构，结论对生产有现实的指导意义。     

Rock mechanical investigation of strata loading characteristics to assess caving and requirement of support resistance in a mechanized powered support longwall face

Longwall mining is one of the most acclaimed and widely used in underground method for coal extraction. The interaction of powered supports with the roof is the key issue in strata mechanics of longwall mining. Controlled caving of rock mass is a prerequisite pro thriving exploitation of coal deposits by longwall retreat with caving technique and support resistance has evolved as the most promising and effective scientific tool to predict various aspects related to strata mechanics of such workings. Load density,height of caving block, distance of fractured zone ahead of the face, overhang of goaf and mechanical strength of the debris above and below the support base have been found to influence the magnitude of load on supports. Designing powered support has been attempted at the different countries in different methods. This paper reviews the mechanism of roof caving and the conventional approaches of caving behaviour and support resistance requirement in the context of major strata control experiences gained worldwide. The theoretical explanation of the mechanism of roof caving is still continuing with consistently improved understanding through growing field experiences in the larger domain of geo-mining conditions and state-of-art strata mechanics analysis and monitoring techniques.