高压水射流切割系统流化器密封套筒的裂纹特性分析

利用应变能密度与断裂准则对高压水射流切割系统流化器的密封套筒进行断裂力学推算,得出了理论上密封套筒的极限裂纹长度;利用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立实物模型,在LS-DYNA下对带有裂纹的密封套筒进行仿真分析验证;将带有裂纹的密封套筒装配到流化器上,进行了高压试验验证.计算结果表明,该密封套筒极限裂纹长度约为5 mm;仿真分析和高压试验证明了理论计算结果的正确性.     

短切玻璃纤维增强尼龙材料的摩擦与磨损

在环块式磨损试验机上研究了载荷、速度以及润滑介质等因素对自制短切玻璃纤维增强尼龙材料摩擦学行为的影响 ,利用扫描电镜对其磨损机理进行分析。发现 :材料的摩擦系数随载荷的增加而下降 ,达到最小值后 ,又随载荷的增加而持续上升 ,随着速度的增加 ,材料的摩擦系数增加 ;材料的磨损量则随载荷、速度的增加而持续增加 ;材料的磨损以粘着、疲劳为主。在润滑条件下 ,复合材料的摩擦系数大大降低 ;油润滑条件下 ,材料基本无磨损 ,但水润滑条件下 ,材料的磨损量反而比干摩擦条件下大。     

高压无油润滑压缩机密封材料的选择

按照无油润滑压缩机接触式滑动密封与润滑的原理，从实际运行的角度出发，提出了无油润滑密封材料的设计与选用要求，并针对国内外无油润滑材料的研究现状，提出了以C／C纤维填充PTFE复合材料，作为高压无油润滑压缩机接触式密封材料。     

聚酰亚胺对聚四氟乙烯基自润滑复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响

研究了不同聚酰亚胺(PI)含量的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)基自润滑复合材料的摩擦磨损性能,并分析了干摩擦和预浸油润滑两种条件下的磨损表面形貌和磨损机理.研究表明:PI的加入在于摩擦状态下能显著提高复合材料的减摩性能,并且随着含量的增加效果更加明显;但其抗磨损作用并不明显,其磨损量取决于复合材料的协同作用,而玻璃纤维和MoS2减磨作用明显;在预浸油润滑条件下,由于油润滑占主导地位,复合材料基体减摩效果不能充分体现.     

不同纤维增强和不同固体润滑剂改性PTFE复合材料的摩擦磨损性能

以碳纤维或玻璃纤维为增强纤维,二硫化钼(MoS_2)或石墨为固体润滑剂,制备了不同配方的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)复合材料;在干摩擦和油润滑条件下对复合材料进行了摩擦磨损试验,观察了其磨损形貌,并分析了不同增强纤维和固体润滑剂对复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明:在干摩擦条件下,当固体润滑剂相同时,与玻璃纤维增强的相比,碳纤维增强PTFE复合材料的磨痕宽度更小、摩擦因数更大,而当增强纤维相同时,MoS_2改性PTFE复合材料的磨痕宽度比石墨改性的小,摩擦因数比石墨改性的大;在油润滑条件下,当固体润滑剂相同时,碳纤维增强PTFE复合材料的磨痕宽度比玻璃纤维增强的小,摩擦因数比玻璃纤维增强的大,当增强纤维相同时,MoS_2改性PTFE复合材料的磨痕宽度比石墨改性的略低,摩擦因数比石墨改性的大。     

微米氧化铝/尼龙复合材料在不同条件下的滚滑摩擦磨损行为研究

以微米氧化铝(Al2O3)为增强剂,尼龙1010为基体,进行氧化铝/尼龙复合材料在干摩擦和水润滑条件下的滚滑动摩擦磨损实验。通过实验发现,水能降低氧化铝/尼龙复合材料的摩擦因数,但增大了磨损量。水润滑时,尼龙1010材料的摩擦因数为0.09,为干摩擦时的45%;氧化铝/尼龙复合材料的平均摩擦因数为0.1195,比尼龙增加了24.7%,是干摩擦时的42%。水润滑时尼龙1010的磨损量为干摩擦时的2.5倍,复合材料平均磨损量为干摩擦时2.8倍。     

不同条件下不同尼龙的摩擦磨损性能

分别制备了MC尼龙、含5％(质量分数)润滑油的MC油尼龙及35％(体积分数)碳纤维增强的复合MC尼龙,研究了3种尼龙在干摩擦、洁净水、干砂、水砂条件下的摩擦磨损性能.结果表明:MC油尼龙表面由于存在润滑油膜,4种条件下的摩擦因数和磨损率均最小;干摩擦和水润滑条件下,复合MC尼龙表面的纤维凸起使其磨损率和摩擦因数均较MC...     

稀油润滑的立式混流泵

国产立式混流泵传统采用水润滑橡胶轴承。根据某些用户的特殊介质条件要求（例如水中含砂或现场无清洁水源），研制了采用稀油润滑轴承的产式混流泵。解决了稀油润滑系统的关键即润滑油的密封问题。概述了油系统结构，轴承设计，轴承材料，密封形式等，油润滑系统装在泵上历经试验，运转成功。     

润滑条件对纳米SiO2填充尼龙复合材料摩擦学性能的影响

利用MM-200磨损实验机在干摩擦、水润滑和油润滑等条件下，研究了润滑条件对含量为10％的纳米SiO2填充尼龙1010复合材料与45^#钢对磨时的摩擦学性能的影响，并利用扫描电子显微镜对纳米SiO2-PA1010复合材料的磨损表面和磨损机理进行了观察和分析。结果表明水润滑时，纳米SiO2-PA1010复合材料的摩擦因数比在干摩擦时有一定程度的降低，但磨损量却比干摩擦时增加了很多；而在油润滑时，摩擦因数和磨损量均比干摩擦和水润滑时降低了许多；复合材料的磨损机制也随着润滑条件的不同发生了相应的变化。     

大比压油润滑条件下C/C复合材料的摩擦特性

研究C/C复合材料在油润滑下的摩擦磨损性能,测试C/C复合材料在大比压油润滑条件下的摩擦因数,并与干摩擦工况进行对比。结果表明:在载荷500~720 MPa、速度300~1 200 r/min工况下,油润滑条件下C/C复合材料的摩擦因数在0.1~0.17之间,而在干摩擦条件下摩擦因数在0.13~0.27之间,表明在油润滑条件下C/C复合材料表现出更优的摩擦特性;与油润滑相比,干摩擦条件下C/C复合材料表面的碳纤维显现出明显的磨损痕迹,表明C/C复合材料在油润滑条件下具有更好的耐磨性。     

注塑成型短玻纤增强复合材料各向异性弹性常数预测方法

针对注塑成型短玻纤增强复合材料,研究二阶纤维取向张量与纤维取向角度之间的连续函数关系,建立纤维均质化RVE模型。基于Taguchi正交试验设计方法,利用DIGIMAT软件对短玻纤增强复合材料RVE模型进行仿真试验,定量分析纤维质量分数（A）、纤维长径比（B）和纤维取向张量（C）对短玻纤增强复合材料力学性能的影响规律。考虑注塑成型过程中的纤维分层效应,提出了夹芯分层模型并进行铺层设计。基于灰箱理论和反求工程,选取纤维长径比、表层厚度比和芯层厚度比、表层纤维取向张量、纤维取向矢量旋转角四个影响因素,反演预测短玻纤增强复合材料PA66（GF50）正交各向异性弹性常数,与材料拉伸弹性模量E₃₃、泊松比u₃₁和泊松比u₃₂的试验结果对比,相对误差分别为0.80%、0.29%和1.35%。     

Tribological Behavior of Particles and Fiber-Reinforced Hybrid Nanocomposites

This article discusses the mechanical performance of alumina nanoparticles and randomly distributed short glass/carbon fiber-reinforced hybrid composites through microhardness and wear test. The open mold casting method was adapted to prepare the test coupons. The wear and friction behavior of composites sliding against hardened ground EN 32 steel in a pin-on-disc configuration is evaluated on a wear and friction tester. The microhardness properties of the neat epoxy, alumina nanoparticles, and alumina nanoparticle–embedded glass/carbon fiber–reinforced hybrid composites were determined. The morphology of the worn composites was analyzed with a scanning electron microscope. It was found that the particles as fillers contributed significantly to improve the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the polymer composites. This is because the fillers contributed to enhance the bonding strength between the fiber and the epoxy resin. Moreover, the wear and friction resistance of the glass/carbon fiber composites was increased by increasing the filler weight in the composite materials.     

碳纤维增强尼龙1010复合材料的摩擦磨损性能及磨损机理研究

以注塑成型法制备了尼龙1010及碳纤维(CF)增强尼龙1010复合材料，研究了CF含量和载荷对材料摩擦学性能和磨损机制的影响。结果表明，CF的加入可显著改善尼龙的摩擦学性能，以体积分数为20％的CF增强尼龙1010复合材料的耐磨性能最好。较低的CF含量下复合材料磨损表面主要受到对偶钢环上微凸峰的切削和犁沟作用，较高载荷时发生了热疲劳剥层磨损；随着CF含量增加，复合材料表面在较高载荷时产生明显疲劳断裂，并使对偶钢环产生较剧烈磨损。     

Tribological Studies of Nanoclay Filled Epoxy Hybrid Laminates

In this work, the tribological properties of a new class of hybrid composite material were examined. The hybrid composite consisting of glass fiber–reinforced epoxy polymer filled with nanoclay particles was prepared by vacuum-assisted resin infusion molding (VARIM). The effect of fiber content, fiber orientation, and nanoclay concentration on wear properties was examined. The results indicate that at higher fiber content (75 wt%), nanoclay addition in composites has less effect on the wear rate, whereas a significant positive effect was observed when nanoclay was filled in lower fiber content (25 and 50 wt%) composites. Microscopy examination reveals that nanoclay addition improves the wear properties of a matrix-rich phase at low fiber content with improved fiber matrix adhesion, whereas this effect was negligible in higher fiber content composites due to the reduced matrix concentration. The result also shows that the friction and wear of hybrids is a function of fiber orientation and epoxy–clay nanocomposite structure formation as studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.     

不同润滑状态下炭纤维对锡青铜摩擦磨损性能的影响

短碳纤维增强锡青铜(碳/锡青铜)复合材料分别在干摩擦和有油滑状态下与钢进行了滑动对磨试验,研究了试验条件及碳纤维含量等因素对复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响。试验结果表明,碳纤维对锡青铜摩擦磨损性能的影响行为与润滑状态有关,干摩擦时碳纤维的加入可以明显提高锡青铜的摩擦磨损性能,而有油润滑时碳纤维对锡青铜的摩擦磨损性能不仅没有改善,还会带来损害。     

短玻璃纤维和石墨填充PTFE的摩擦磨损特性研究

利用自主研制的往复式摩擦试验机对短玻璃纤维(SGF)及石墨填充聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)复合材料的摩擦磨损特性进行了研究,探讨了共混材料对PTFE摩擦学性能的影响。利用扫描电子显微镜对材料的磨损表面进行了观察和分析。研究结果表明,短玻璃纤维有效提高了PTFE的承载能力,石墨的加入起到了减小摩擦的作用,在较高载荷下,短玻璃纤维和石墨填充的PTFE复合材料表现出优异的抗磨性能。     

Synergetic Effect of Lubricant Additive and Reinforcement Additive on the Tribological Behaviors of PEEK-Based Composites under Seawater Lubrication

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)-based composites reinforced with lubricant additive (polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE) and reinforcement additives including carbon fiber (CF), glass fiber (GF), and bronze powder were prepared using a hot-press molding technique. The synergetic effects of different additives on the tribological behaviors of PEEK-based composites sliding against 316 steel under seawater lubrication were investigated systematically using a ring-on-block test rig. The results showed that lubricant additive PTFE can decrease the friction coefficient and consequently improved the wear resistance of PEEK under seawater lubrication, especially when the volume fraction of PTFE was about 20%. It was also found that the incorporation of CF can further improve the wear resistance of PEEK blended with 20% PTFE, especially under high load and high sliding speed. This suggested that a synergistic effect on improving the wear resistance of PEEK existed between PTFE and CF, which originated from good lubrication of PTFE, good reinforcement of CF, and good interfacial combination between CF and PEEK-20%PTFE. However, two other reinforcement additives of GF and bronze powder had an antagonistic effect but not a synergetic effect with PTFE; that is, the incorporation of the two additives greatly deteriorated the wear resistance of PEEK blended with 20% PTFE.     

玻纤增强改性酚醛树脂复合材料在水润滑轴承上的应用研究

以腰果壳油、聚砜为改性剂对酚醛树脂进行增强改性,将改性后的酚醛树脂通过湿缠绕方法和玻璃纤维粘合,制成了水润滑轴承外壳,并研究了玻璃纤维含量对水润滑轴承外壳压缩强度的影响。结果表明,玻璃纤维含量为45%时,制成的水润滑轴承外壳具有良好的拉伸强度、压缩强度和冲击强度,吸水膨胀极小,可用于水润滑轴承,是优良的水润滑轴承黄铜外壳替代材料。