基于粒计算的最简决策规则挖掘算法

传统的规则挖掘算法通常先约简属性再约简属性值. 该方法存在冗余计算, 当样本集增大时, 复杂性急剧增加. 对此提出一种基于粒计算的最简决策规则挖掘算法. 首先, 在不同粒度空间下计算条件粒与决策粒之间的粒关系矩阵; 然后, 将粒关系矩阵中隐含的信息H ₁、H ₂ 作为启发式算子, 按信息粒约简属性值; 最后, 去除冗余属性并设置终止条件, 实现决策规则的快速挖掘. 理论分析和实验结果表明, 所提出的算法可以获得更简洁的规则, 且规则的泛化能力更强.     

基于粒矩阵的多变量真值表快速约简算法

真值表化简可简化数字逻辑电路的分析与设计。在人工智能理论中, 命题逻辑值的判定和复合命题的等值关系判定也需要用到真值表及其化简。文中将真值表定义为逻辑信息系统, 用粒矩阵由粗到细描述不同粒度空间下的知识, 将真值表化简转化为通过粒矩阵运算实现的逻辑信息系统属性与属性值的约简, 从而提出多变量真值表快速约简算法。并将算法应用到发光二极管七段数字显示器的设计中, 实验分析表明文中算法的快速性和有效性。     

基于变粒度的大规模真值表快速知识约简

在大规模逻辑电路的分析与设计中,直接由大规模真值表得到最简逻辑函数表达式的过程往往比较复杂。针对此问题,提出了一种基于变粒度的大规模真值表快速知识约简算法。随着真值表的输入逻辑变量的粒度变化,通过引入标记矩阵和启发式算子,对大规模真值表进行知识约简,从而得到最简逻辑函数表达式。最后,通过实例分析并详述算法过程,且通过数据集进行对比实验,验证了该算法的快速性与有效性。     

粒计算中基于属性分类的形式概念属性约简

针对目前已有的形式概念属性约简算法的不足(如属性约简的时间复杂度偏高、属性及属性值比较过程中存在冗余计算、存储开销大等问题),结合粒计算思想,提出基于属性分类的形式概念属性约简模型.首先,通过定义两个算子来划分属性之间分类关系;然后,由属性分类关系制定约简规则,并在此基础上提出基于属性分类的形式概念约简算法,该算法在保持目前最低时间复杂度不变的情况下,减少了冗余计算和存储开销,提高了属性约简的计算效率;最后,通过实例和仿真实验对基于属性分类关系的形式概念属性约简算法的有效性进行了验证.     

全覆盖粒计算模型的公理化及其知识约简*

部分覆盖是粒计算理论框架下的第二种粒计算模型,全覆盖粒计算是部分覆盖的一种特例。为实现全覆盖粒计算模型中粒的计算,探究了全覆盖粒计算模型中所提逼近算子的公理化系统,提出了粒的中心、全覆盖粒度熵及全覆盖粒族熵的概念,探讨了基本粒和全覆盖粒重要性度量的方法,并提出了相应的约简与核的判定定理。基于所提定义、定理设计了全覆盖粒的约简算法和全覆盖粒族的约简算法,并从理论上分析了两个算法的复杂度。最后以客户根据专家意见购房为例,验证了所提算法的有效性。     

一种基于信息粒度的动态属性约简求解算法

动态属性约简是粗糙集理论的重要研究内容之一.针对动态决策表构造了一种基于信息粒度的动态属性约简模型,详细分析了决策表中出现新属性动态增加时信息粒度的增量式计算方法;在此基础上,以信息粒度作为启发信息,设计了一种动态属性约简求解算法,该算法能有效利用原决策表的属性约简结果和信息粒度来降低算法的计算复杂度,并使得约简结果具有较好传承性;最后通过算例分析和实验比较进一步验证了本算法的可行性和有效性.     

逻辑函数适于双逻辑实现的探测算法

提出一种判定逻辑函数是否适于双逻辑实现的探测算法,直接从XOR逻辑的特点出发,即2个汉明距离为2 的最小项可以由 XOR 逻辑表示.通过计算函数最小项之间的汉明距离分析其所具有的逻辑模式,给出探测适用于双逻辑实现的判断条件.该算法已用 C 语言实现,并应用于 MCNC benchmark 电路的判定测试,实验结果验证了其有效性.     

基于近似计算与多数覆盖技术的电路面积优化

针对基于最小项的近似计算技术不适合解决大规模电路面积优化问题,提出一种采用乘积项和逻辑覆盖的电路面积近似计算技术优化算法.利用基于乘积项的多数覆盖技术实现近似逻辑函数搜索,用逻辑覆盖不相交运算实现近似函数错误率计算,可以有效地避免因输入变量增加和最小项数量激增导致算法效率低下甚至无法工作的问题.文中算法用C编程并经MC...     

遗传算法与区分矩阵的属性约简算法

对于约简来说,其前提是保证知识库分类能力不变,由此引入弱约简的定义。利用区分矩阵能很容易计算出弱约简和遗传算法可以在全局寻优的优势,将染色体对区分函数的覆盖度作为适应度函数的参数,提出了一种基于遗传算法和区分矩阵的属性约简算法。算法中从粒计算的角度,重新度量粒度,对基于划分和覆盖的粗糙集决策表进行了研究。用k近邻算法通过准确率对弱约简效果进行评估。通过UCI数据集证明了该算法的有效性。该算法的时间复杂度是多项式的。     

粒计算中序决策表约简算法

为有效地处理序信息系统,基于粒计算理论提出一种新的序决策表约简算法。该方法首先将序信息系统转换为序关系矩阵,分析讨论序关系矩阵中粒计算模型和粒度度量方法,然后基于不同阶知识粒库,尝试在不改变序信息系统中序关系的前提下,从核属性集出发,结合启发式约简思路提出一种基于粒计算的序决策表约简算法。最后通过实例验证该方法的有效性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。