由任意形状轮廓线重建三维表面的方法研究

由一组二维轮廓线重建出物体的三维表面是医学数据可视化的一种主要绘制方式。当轮廓线比较复杂,例如当遇到非凸轮廓或相邻层轮廓线相差过大时,常用的三角化拼接方法就会失败。文章提出一种新的轮廓拼接方法能够处理任意形状的轮廓线。该方法的基本思想是对轮廓线进行凹凸性层次分析,然后将相邻轮廓线从外到内逐层拼接,从而构成一个三角化的物体表面。实验结果表明,该算法对于手动勾画和自动提取的轮廓线都可以给出较好的重建效果。     

基于多分割和口袋方法的最小二乘分类算法

提出了一种改进的最小二乘分类算法,该算法首先利用最小二乘算法对两类数据分类,然后计算每类的中心点,过中心点作已得到的分类线(面)的平行线(面),保留所作平行线(面)之间及线(面)上的数据,剔除其余数据,对剩余数据重新利用最小二乘算法分类,如此循环.在循环过程中利用口袋方法记录下具有最好的分类效果的分类线(面),循环结束后口袋中即为最佳分类线(面).实验结果表明,该算法有效的解决了原有最小二乘分类算法的缺陷,有着良好的分类效果.     

基于三维表面模型的任意切割算法*

通过对三维表面模型进行切割,人们可以方便地观察物体的内部结构。针对三维表面模型,提出了一种任意切割算法。任意切割过程首先是交互生成切割曲线,生成切割面;然后通过切割面对表面模型进行切割,在切割面上生成交线序列;再由交线序列与切割面边界生成封闭的边界轮廓,确定各边界轮廓间的包含关系;最后对边界轮廓包围的截面区域进行Delaunay三角剖分并着色,得到完整的剖面。实验结果证明了该算法的有效性和可行性。     

医学图像3维重建模型的虚拟剖切算法

对医学图像体数据及重构几何模型进行虚拟剖切,可以方便地看到内部的组织,便于观察和诊断,可用于医疗放射治疗规划.针对医学图像重建的表面几何模型,提出了对模型进行平面剖切、立体开窗及任意交互切割的算法.平面剖切和开窗是用剖切面或剖切体对重建模型施以剖切,在剖切面上生成边序列及顶点序列;由此边序列和顶点序列生成封闭的边界轮廓,确定各轮廓的包含关系;对封闭轮廓包围的截面区域进行Delaunay三角剖分,得到完整的剖切后的表面模型.任意交互切割过程是交互生成切割路径,确定切割边界,并沿切割边界对表面模型进行切割.实验结果证明了本文算法的有效性.采用本文算法可得到良好的虚拟剖切效果.     

三维物体表面三角划分的快速算法

通过三角划分从三维空间点集重建三维表面的方法 ,在实际应用中涉及到的数据量常常很大 ,因此对算法的计算速度有较高的要求 .基于三维重建时物体截面轮廓线序列中的相邻轮廓线基本相似的事实 ,提出了一种物体截面轮廓线点集之间的三角划分的快速算法 .该算法首先寻找轮廓线的控制点 ,并对每两条相邻轮廓线的控制点进行配对 ,然后将这样两条轮廓线之间的三角划分 ,分配在多个小的曲线段对之间进行 ,并且由于事先进行了控制点匹配 ,因此 ,在每个小的区域中就能够进行简化快速的三角划分 .经理论分析和实验 ,该算法与常规的全局优化算法相比 ,在视觉效果上基本一致 ,可在计算时间上却要少得多 ,说明本算法是有效的     

Accelerated Backward Warping

In this paper a plane-based backward warping algorithm is proposed to generate novel viwews from multiple reference images.First.depth information is employed to reconstruct space planes from individual refernce images and calculate the potential occluding relationship between these planes.Then the planes which represent each identical space plane from different reference images are compared with each other to decide the one with the best sample rate to be preserved and used in the later warping period while the other samples are abandoned.While the image of a novel view is produced,traditional methods in computer graphics,such as visibility test.and clipping,are used to process the planes reconstructed.Then the planes processed are projected onto the desired image form the knowledge on which plane the desired image pixels are warped from can be acquired.Finally,pixels‘ depth of the desired image is calculated and then a ackwared warping is performed from these pixels to the reference images to obtain their colors.The storage requirement in the algorithm is small and increases slowly with the number of reference images increases.By combining the strategy of only preserving the best sample parts and the backward warping algorithm ,the sample problem could be well tackled.     

Detail control in line drawings of 3D meshes

We address the problem of rendering a 3D mesh in the style of a line drawing, in which little or no shading is used and instead shape cues are provided by silhouettes and suggestive contours. Our specific goal is to depict shape features at a chosen scale. For example, when mesh triangles project into the image plane at subpixel sizes, both suggestive contours and silhouettes may form dense networks that convey shape poorly. The solution we propose is to convert the input mesh to a multiresolution representation (specifically, a progressive mesh), then view-dependently refine or coarsen the mesh to control the size of its triangles in image space. We thereby control the scale of shape features that are depicted via silhouettes and suggestive contours. We propose a novel refinement criterion that achieves this goal and address the problem of maintaining temporal coherence of silhouette and suggestive contours when extracting them from a changing mesh.     

Text region extraction in a document image based on the Delaunay tessellation

In this paper, Delaunay triangulation is applied for the extraction of text areas in a document image. By representing the location of connected components in a document image with their centroids, the page structure is described as a set of points in two-dimensional space. When imposing Delaunay triangulation on these points, the text regions in the Delaunay triangulation will have distinguishing triangular features from image and drawing regions. For analysis, the Delaunay triangles are divided into four classes. The study reveals that specific triangles in text areas can be clustered together and identified as text body. Using this method, text regions in a document image containing fragments can also be recognized accurately. Experiments show the method is also very efficient.     

基于平面的Warping技术

提出了一种基于平面的逆向Warping算法,用于根据多幅参考图像生成任意视点下的新图像.首先通过参考图像的深度信息来重建三维平面,然后寻找这些重建平面间的对应关系,并比较它们对空间平面同一部分的采样密度,以获得最好的采样结果.在生成新视点图像时,首先对那些采样密度最好的重建平面进行可见性判断,然后将其投影到新视点下,在此基础上求得目标图像上各点的深度,最后将目标图像上的点逆向Warping到相应的参考图像中,以获取它们的颜色值.同时,对于参考图像中不能被重建成平面的像素点,用正向Warping的方法对其进     

任意曲面的三角形网格划分

把曲面分为可展曲面和不可展曲面，对可展曲面用曲面展开算法展成平面，对不可展曲面用曲面分割算法转化成平面片，在平面上运用Ｄｅｌａｕｎａｙ三角划分法进行网格划分，然后把网格节点反映射到曲面上，从而实现任意曲面的三角形网格划分。     

减少相邻位平面间冗余度的加密图像可逆信息隐藏

目的 针对现有的加密域可逆信息隐藏算法在对位平面压缩时未能充分利用位平面间的相关性的问题,为了降低位平面的压缩率从而提高嵌入容量,提出一种减少相邻位平面间冗余度的加密域可逆信息隐藏算法。方法 算法将图像进行分块并将块的位置进行置乱,置乱并未改变位平面的块内像素的相关性,使得位平面的块同样利于压缩。将块置乱后的图像的高位平面与次高位进行异或操作后得到新的次高位平面,再用新的次高位异或比它低一位的位平面。依次对其余的低位平面进行同样的操作后得到新的低7个位平面,将它们与原始最高位相结合得到新的图像的8个位平面。使用BBE（binary-block embeding）算法对新的图像的位平面进行压缩为嵌入信息腾出空间。为了保证加密图像的安全性,对腾出空间后的图像进行异或加密。结果 对相邻位平面进行异或后使除了最高位平面外的低位平面更平滑,减少了不能使用BBE算法压缩的块及压缩的不好的块的个数,更有利于用BBE算法对图像进行压缩。提出的算法与现有的基于位平面压缩的算法相比得到了较高的嵌入率,对不同纹理的图像而言,嵌入的容量平均提高了0.4 bit/像素。结论 实验结果表明,提出的算法在保证安全性的同时可以腾出更多的空间来嵌入额外的信息,在实际生活中能根据需求灵活地嵌入信息。嵌入的信息能无损地提取,且图像能完全恢复。总的来说,提出的算法具有良好的性能。     

一种可调整步长的适应性图像目标轮廓采样方法

为了更有效地获得三维医学图像，提出了一种可调整步长的适应性图像目标轮廓采样方法。直接获取自临床的层阃间距相对较大的医学图像数据，首先经由图像预处理和图像目标轮廓插值等前期数据预处理操作，然后采用本文提出的一种可调整步长的适应性图像目标轮廓采样方法对图像目标轮廓线上的点进行适应性采样，最后给出了图像目标的三雏表面显示效果图。实验结果证实了方法的可靠性和有效性。该采样方法既保持了图像目标轮廓的尖锐特征和拓扑结构，又较好地实现了数据压缩。     

New type of miniaturized optical range-sensing methods RORS and RORST

Two types of miniaturized optical range-sensing methods have been developed. The first is called RORS (Riken Optical Range-Sensing Scheme). In this method, a mirror tunnel is first placed between an objective lens and an object to be measured; a bright spot is then projected onto the object through the objective lens. This spot is observed through the objective lens after reflection with the mirror tunnel, and range information is determined by the triangulation. The width of an optical system can be reduced remarkably smaller than the effective base line length of the triangulation. Therefore, it is suitable to miniaturize a range-sensing system such as an optical stylus and a proximity sensor. The second method, RORST (Riken Optical Range Sensing Method for Surface Tracing), projects an axially symmetrical light sheet onto an object and a ring pattern is produced. The ring pattern image is then projected onto the observation plane by the objective lens, radii of the ring pattern image for different azimuths are detected, distances corresponding to the specified azimuths are determined by the triangulation, and thus the information of partial inclination can be obtained.     

STL模型分割截面的三角剖分算法

针对分割STL模型时需要对分割截而进行三角剖分的问题,提出STL模型分割截面的Delauay三角剖分算法,将截面轮廓围成区域分成一个或多个区域单元,分别进行Delaunay三角剖分,并按STL模型标准拾取三角形,文中算法不用对分割截面轮廓进行复杂的凸划分和多轮廓的单轮廓化处理,提高了STL模型分割截面的三角剖分效率,尤其适合对具有复杂型腔的STL模型的截面进行三角剖分,应用实例表明：文中算法是正确有效的,具有实用价值。     

Horizontal decomposition of triangulated solids for the simulation of dip-coating processes

In dip-coating processes a three-dimensional object, e.g. an entire car body, is dipped into a liquid bath. In order to simulate such processes, the space surrounding the object is decomposed into the so-called flow volumes, for which each intersection with a horizontal plane is connected. At any time the liquid’s surface then has a unique level within such a flow volume, which greatly simplifies the simulation of the liquid. The decomposition into flow volumes corresponds to the Reeb graph of the object’s exterior (considered as 3-manifold with boundary) with respect to the height function. This article presents an algorithm which computes this decomposition for an object represented as oriented triangular boundary mesh. First critical vertices of the surface are identified, which include the upper and lower ends of flow volumes. Using local information about horizontal intersection planes near the critical points, a sweep plane algorithm then constructs the volume decomposition in a second step. It is shown that the method can deal with realistic data.     

基于图像层级的机器素描研究

针对运用机械臂绘制的机器素描图像存在缺失真实感、艺术感,硬件设备复杂,难以普及的问题,提出基于图像层级的机器素描方法.该方法在运用灰度变换、滤波、二值化等图像预处理方法处理原始人物图像的基础上,分别提取出图像轮廓和图像内部填充区域两部分二值目标图像,通过简易路径规划遍历目标图像,根据遍历轨迹控制XY型简易机械臂绘制图像轮廓及按层级绘制模式填充图像内部区域,实现人物素描图像的绘制.实验结果表明,该系统可根据图像轮廓实现任意曲线的绘制,通过层级绘制模式包含环境因素达到了衬托素描图像使其更具层次感的目的.     

从单幅正轴测投影线图建立平面立体的模型

提出了一种从单幅二维正轴测投影线图建立平面立体线框模型的新方法。提出一种新的空间直线坐标表示法，根据正轴测投影线图中隐含的直线与平面之间的从属关系建立约束方程。考虑画出隐藏线的正轴测投影线图，根据线画图中隐含的约束条件，建立一个线性系统，通过求解该线性系统，得到平面立体的三维信息。证明解释平面立体正轴测投影线图至少有4个自由度。     

A Crust-based Method of Reconstructing Human Bone

We present a crust-based procedure for modeling human being’s bone, which is based on voronoi diagram and its dual, Delaunay triangulation. In three-dimensional space, the crust algorithm can generate a 3D-model using a set of sample points. The purposes of this paper is to extract precise contour from CT series, then refer to these contours as sample points, and then apply the crust algorithm to these sample points to get three dimensional mesh.