芦荟功能性食品资源的开发利用

芦荟及其制品已在化工、医药、美容、保健、食品等领域广为应用.本文对芦荟品种、芦荟的活性成分及其功效进行了概述,系统讨论和总结了国内外的芦荟开发利用进展,并着重从功能性食品方面论述了芦荟的开发利用.     

芦荟保健功效简介及饮品的研制

简述了芦荟的药用和神奇保健功效,对芦荟的成份进行了简析,使芦荟保健饮品的研制有了理论依据,对芦荟的开发利用给予了启示性的引导。     

芦荟保健功效简介及保健饮品的研制

简述了芦荟的药用和神奇保健功效,对芦荟的成份进行了简析,使芦荟保健饮品的研制有了理论依据,对芦荟的开发利用给予了启示性的引导.     

芦荟功能性食品资源的开发与利用

如今,我国对于芦荟的利用越来越广泛,特别是在化妆品和化工产品方面的应用越来越广泛,而在生活中,芦荟在食品方面的应用却很少,只是关注了芦荟在化工、医学和美容方面的积极作用,忽视了在食品方面的发展。本文主要研究芦荟的功效,对芦荟成分进行分析,以芦荟为主要的食品原料,重点论述芦荟在功能性食品方面的开发利用。     

低浓度芦荟啤酒的开发研制

芦荟系百合科属多年生常绿多肉质草本植物，品种很多，全世界有400多种，具有药用和食用价值的只有好望角芦荟、树芦荟、库拉索芦荟、斑纹芦荟、皂质芦荟等少数几个品种，其余皆为观赏芦荟。芦荟的组成成分十分复杂，已研究清楚的化学成分有一百多种，其含量最大的有效成分是芦荟宁、芦荟大黄素、芦荟多糖、芦荟皂甙等。芦荟的活性药理作用有杀菌消炎和抗氧化、增强免疫等作用。     

芦荟多糖的研究进展

首先介绍了芦荟的分类，继而对部分芦荟多糖的结构及其药理活性进行了比较细致、全面的说明，提出芦荟多糖在治疗、保健、护肤养颜上的潜在价值，具有开发成食品、药品及化妆品添加剂的可能。     

芦荟胶囊中的芦荟甙总含量的测定

芦荟中含有多种芦荟甙及其衍生物,在这些生物活性物质协同作用下,芦荟显示出泻热导积、凉肝通便、抗菌抗肿瘤、提高免疫力等保健功效。本文用分光光度法测定水解后的市售某芦荟胶囊中芦荟甙的总含量,并进行了回收率和精密度试验,结果较为满意。此方法可作为含芦荟保健品的质量鉴定的有效手段之一。     

微波茶杯蒸蛋

芦荟是一种百合科草本植物,民间自古就有使用芦荟的记载.芦荟及其变种种类很多,目前在我国种植和加工较多的是库拉索芦荟(Aloe vera L.)、木立芦荟(A.arborescens Mill)和华芦荟(A.varavia),还有少量的皂质芦荟和开谱敦芦荟等.     

芦荟、仙人掌复合型保健饮料的开发与研制

为开发利用具有较高药用和营养价值的芦荟和仙人掌,以芦荟及仙人掌原汁为主,加入甜菊苷、柠檬酸、黄原胶和水等辅料,经混合、调配、过滤、脱气、灭菌、冷却、无菌灌装及检验等工序制得复合型保健饮料。成品呈淡绿色的透明液体,具有芦荟和仙人掌的特有清香,酸甜适中,清爽可口。成品中仙人掌原汁≥30％,芦荟原汁≥10％,可溶性固形物≥10％,总酸（以柠檬酸计）为0．3％-0．4％。试验结果表明：本产品工艺简单,口味纯正,具有众多药理保健作用。     

高效液相色谱法测定芦荟甙的4个标准方法比较

目的比较4个标准方法中高效液相色谱法测定芦荟及其制品中芦荟甙含量的优劣。方法分别采用4个标准的前处理方法处理芦荟及其制品,并对样品做低、中、高3个浓度水平的加标实验,采用4个色谱方法测定芦荟甙的含量。通过计算相对标准偏差和回收率等方面来评价4个方法的优劣。结果芦荟甙的出峰时间为8.807 min。线性方程为Y=13700X+16000,相关系数r为0.9994。4种方法的相对标准偏差为0.21%、0.37%、0.35%和0.18%,加标回收率为97.3%、98.3%、98.8%和98.5%。结论 4个方法的测定结果均满足对芦荟及其制品测定芦荟甙前处理要求,其中QB/T2489-2007《食品原料用芦荟制品》的前处理步骤最方便快捷,使用的有机试剂量最少,回收率最高。适用于芦荟及其制品中芦荟甙含量的测定。     

Safety evaluation of supercritical carbon dioxide extract of Aloe vera gel

Abstract: The gel of the Aloe vera plant has been used safely for oral and external applications. Previously, we found phytosterols derived from an extract of Aloe vera gel obtained with an organic solvent to have hypoglycemic and antiobesity effects. While developing of functional foods using Aloe vera gel, we produced an active Aloe vera gel extract (AVGE) using a supercritical carbon dioxide (CO₂) extraction procedure. In this study, we tested the safety of AVGE in vitro and in vivo. In an acute oral toxicological test in which AVGE was administered to rats at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight, there were no deaths or apparent abnormalities at necropsy. In a 90‐d toxicity test in which rats were continuously administrered AVGE at 30 or 150 mg/kg, euthanized, and subjected to pathological examinations, no abnormalities attributable to the AVGE were found. AVGE was nonmutagenic in the Ames test and a chromosomal aberration test at concentrations of up to 5000 μg/plate and 1600 μg/plate, respectively, and in an in vivo bone marrow micronucleus test at up to 150 mg/kg/d. Practical Application: AVGE can be safely used as a functional food material.     

Rheology of Aloe barbadensis Miller: A naturally available material of high therapeutic and nutrient value for food applications

Due to the potential applications of Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe vera) in cosmetics, pharmaceutical and food products, the study of its rheology is important. Recently, many commercial food-product producers have boosted up the usage of Aloe vera gel or juice in one form or the other due to its nutrient ingredients. The present study reports the rheological characteristics of native Aloe gel and juice under dynamic and steady shear. The damping of the elastic moduli and viscous moduli at various temperatures for the Aloe gel under oscillatory shear tests have been reported, for the first time, which were observed due to the presence of weak, fibrous and random structure of polysaccharides in it. The moduli for gel increased with increasing temperature and that for juice decreased with temperature. Prior to attaining the plateau region after certain shear rate, Aloe vera gel and juice exhibited shear thinning behavior. The flow behavior index for Aloe gel samples was found to be 0.1 in the shear thinning region.     

Identification of Aloe species by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis

Juice and integument of leaves of 3 Aloe species, Aloe vera, A. ferox and A. africana, are not allowed to be used as food according to the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law in Japan. On the other hand, whole leaves of A. arborescens can be used as food. The present study was designed to distinguish Aloe species by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. DNA was isolated from fresh and dried leaves of the 4 Aloe species. Five out of 32 different 10-mer primers examined were useful for analysis. By comparison of the characteristic bands of PCR products on agarose gel, it was possible to distinguish the 4 species. Thus, the botanical species of Aloe in commercial food products can be identified by RAPD analysis.     

芦荟加工应用新技术研究

芦荟由于具有良好的保健作用和独特的风味而在食品工业中广泛应用。本文对芦荟凝胶液、芦荟浓缩液、芦荟干粉的制取技术以及芦荟啤酒、芦荟面包、芦荟复合饮料、芦荟酸乳等新型产品的加工技术进行了探讨。     

Osmotic dehydration of Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller)

Aloe vera possess immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antibacteria effects and wound and burn healing properties, but it is a very unstable product due to its high water content. Osmotic dehydration can be used to obtain stable products from aloe. In this work the effect of osmotic dehydration (OD) on Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller) leaves was studied. Peeled and unpeeled Aloe vera slices (15 × 50 mm), were immersed in sucrose solutions at 35, 50 and 65 °Brix at 25 and 40 °C. Moisture, effective diffusion coefficients and mass fluxes (water loss, solids gained and weight reduction) were determined. Osmotic dehydration experiments were conducted at atmospheric pressure. The best conditions for the OD of Aloe slices with the highest effect on diffusivity were obtained using a temperature of 40 °C for peeled samples. The analysis of the effect of temperature on mass transfer kinetics showed that unpeeled samples were more effected than peeled samples.     

Aloe vera: a valuable ingredient for the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries--a review

Scientific investigations on Aloe vera have gained more attention over the last several decades due to its reputable medicinal properties. Some publications have appeared in reputable Scientific Journals that have made appreciable contributions to the discovery of the functions and utilizations of Aloe--"nature's gift." Chemical analysis reveals that Aloe vera contains various carbohydrate polymers, notably glucomannans, along with a range of other organic and inorganic components. Although many physiological properties of Aloe vera have been described, it still remains uncertain as to which of the component(s) is responsible for these physiological properties. Further research needs to be done to unravel the myth surrounding the biological activities and the functional properties of A. vera. Appropriate processing techniques should be employed during the stabilization of the gel in order to affect and extend its field of utilization.     

库拉索芦荟对黄曲霉毒素B1致大鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的：研究库拉索芦荟在黄曲霉毒素B1（aflatoxin B1,AFB1）致大鼠急性肝损伤中的干预作用及机理。方法：采用单次灌胃2.0 mg/kg（以体质量计）AFB1建立大鼠急性AFB1肝损伤模型,通过体质量、肝功能指标、肝组织病理学变化评价库拉索芦荟的干预效果,并通过测定肝组织脂质过氧化产物、各抗氧化物水平,探讨库拉索芦荟拮抗急性AFB1肝毒性的作用机理。结果：库拉索芦荟具有显著降低急性AFB1肝毒性的功效,能有效抑制急性AFB1中毒大鼠体质量下降,降低血清谷丙转氨酶（glutamate pyruvate transaminase,GPT）、谷草转氨酶（glutamicoxalacetic transaminase,GOT）和碱性磷酸酶（alkaline phosphatase,ALP）活性以及总胆红素（total bilirubin,TBIL）含量;同时能显著改善肝脏组织病变情况,降低丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）生成量,提高还原型谷胱甘肽（reduced glutathione,GSH）含量以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px）、超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（glutathione-S-transferases,GST）活力,增强机体抗氧化及解毒能力。     

芦荟通便作用的研究进展

芦荟是一种集药用、食用、美容和观赏于一体的重要经济植物,以其独特的功效和广泛的用途受到国内外的重视。研究芦荟的文献也较多,现将近年芦荟通便作用的研究进展作一综述。