消失模铸造空壳浇注工艺

论述了一种采用消失模制壳负压浇注的新型铸造工艺,即通过入窑焙烧的方式将泡沫模从型壳中彻底去除,将壳型在砂箱中添加干砂加盖塑料薄膜,然后在负压下浇铸的一种新工艺。以索头铸钢件为例介绍其工艺过程。     

气化模-精铸-负压复合铸造工艺研究

主要研究Replicast CS复合工艺的气化模的成型工艺，制壳工艺，失模工艺及紧实负压工艺，采用该工艺可解决用消失模工艺铸造碳钢、不锈钢铸件的增碳问题。     

铸造工艺对铝合金组织及性能的影响

对A356铝合金分别采用真空低压消失模壳型铸造及消失模铸造工艺进行铸造,并对铸造后铝合金组织和性能进行观察对比。结果表明:铝合金实施真空低压消失模壳型铸造组织细小、密度优于消失模铸造,并且实施T6热处理之后抗拉强度、伸长率以及布氏硬度也显著高于消失模铸造工艺。真空低压消失模壳型铸造工艺拉伸断裂多为韧性断口,消失模铸造工艺拉伸断裂多为脆性断口。因此,真空低压消失模壳型铸造工艺铝合金组织性能优于消失模铸造工艺。     

加热对EPS模温度场分布及膨胀力传递的影响

针对EPSN瓷壳型精铸失模时容易裂壳的现象,对EPS消失模精密铸造工艺进行研究后,建立了EPS模温度场分布模型,考察了加热对EPS模温度分布的影响。利用流变学原理建立了失模时EPS模的粘弹性模型,分析了失模时EPS模的粘弹性行为及力传递过程。利用单泡孔模型考察了EPS模中聚苯乙烯应力松弛现象对作用在型壳上膨胀力的影响,并推导出膨胀力表达式。     

球铁管件真空消失模壳型复合铸造工艺的研究

比较了真空消失模铸造和熔模铸造两种工艺的优缺点,将两种工艺的优点有机结合,开发了适应大量生产高性能出口管件的真空消失模壳型复合铸造工艺.介绍了消失模铸造模型刚度的确定、浇注系统尺寸的选择,壳型工艺流程的制订、壳型涂料的原材料选用和配制、以及水玻璃壳型制造流程.试验结果显示:(1)用此工艺生产的管件,工序简单且铸件质最稳定,铸件合格率达到98.5％以上;(2)此工艺只要制4层壳,相比普通蜡模精密铸造制壳要8层以上,提高了生产效率,降低了生产成本和人力资源成本.     

精密铸造硅溶胶模壳的制造工艺

介绍用石蜡-硬脂酸低温模料，生产铸件的熔模和用精密铸造硅溶胶，作为制壳粘结刑，制造铸件的模壳的工艺要求。主要研究熔模制造工艺、硅溶胶模壳工艺和焙烧工艺。五年多来的生产实践充分证明精密铸造硅溶胶模壳制造工艺是成熟的。为生产合格模壳和精密铸件提供了技术保障。     

内冷铁在熔模精密铸造中的运用

合理使用冒口、冷铁等工艺措施,可有效防止缩孔、缩松等铸造缺陷。对于熔模精密铸造,由于模壳失蜡后再经高温(950℃~1 050℃)焙烧,而且模壳也在     

消失模铸造充型过程的数值模拟

通过建立适用于消失模铸造充型及传热过程的数学模型和边界条件，实现了液态金属在浇注系统和铸型内动量传递和热传递的数值模拟计算。模拟分析普通砂型铸造和消失模铸造充型差异表明，聚苯乙烯热解气体的反压阻力决定了消失模铸造充型过程不同于普通砂型铸造，表现为液态金属按所抵达的内浇口顺序依次注入型腔。通过模拟计算可预测冷隔产生位置，实现消失模铸造工艺优化设计。     

摆杆铸件的熔模精密铸造工艺实践

采用石蜡-硬脂酸低温模料制造熔模(蜡模),用水玻璃粘结剂制造型壳,精密铸造生产剪羊毛机摆杆铸件,试验研究熔模制造工艺、水玻璃型壳工艺和焙烧工艺的技术参数,为生产合格型壳和精密铸件提供技术保障.     

熔模铸造高强度型壳的高温快速焙烧

型壳焙烧是熔模精密铸造生产中的重要环节，它直接影响着型壳质量、铸件的精度与铸件的废品率。周期的长短影响着能耗和本工序机械化的实施。因此，确定恰当的型壳焙烧工艺是非常重要的。我们探索了脱蜡后型壳直接进人950℃～970℃的炉内焙烧20～25分钟出炉半焙砂挠注一高温快速焙烧工艺。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.