共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 234 毫秒
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《中国石油和化工标准与质量》2016,(8)
我公司甲醇装置至今已生产运行4年多,在开车初期由于自身和上游装置运行问题及全厂生产作业计划安排等诸多因素影响,甲醇装置一直处于频繁开停车状态,未能实现装置系统的长周期稳定运行,同时出现过甲醇合成催化剂中毒失活等情况,其中以有效气消耗为代表的物料消耗一直处于偏高水平,本文根据甲醇装置实际情况通过对甲醇装置进行系统分析,查找分析了影响甲醇装置生产运行消耗的主要原因,并为以后更好的提高甲醇装置生产运行效率,降低生产消耗提出了良好的解决方案。 相似文献
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福建东南电化股份有限公司原烧碱蒸发装置因存在碱泥高位槽经常处于满料溢流状态,使盐在蒸发系统中恶性循环,进而造成物料损失,降低了生产能力,增加了蒸汽消耗。改进工艺后,解决了上述问题,使烧碱产量得到提高,蒸汽消耗得到降低。 相似文献
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水解装置运行中的问题分析管露锋(中原化肥厂,濮阳,457004)水解装置的任务是将蒸发工艺冷凝液中0.77%的尿素通过蒸汽加热分解为NH3和CO2,并加以回收利用。中原化肥厂自1990年5月投产以来,由于操作及维护经验不足,使该装置在运行中出现了一些... 相似文献
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作为辊压机预粉磨段,挤压做功效率会直接影响系统产量与电耗指标。在水泥粉磨过程中,由于进料装置存在设计缺陷,当物料发生离析、塌仓、冲料等异常现象时操作不可控,会造成辊压机辊缝偏差大、频繁震动损坏减速机等事故,致使辊压机高效节能优势得不到正常发挥。DHS进料装置的选用,能满足辊压机稳定饱和进料要求,使操作始终处于受控状态,提高了挤压做功效率,实现粉磨系统的高效运行和提产降耗的技术目标。 相似文献
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The thermal performance of a latent heat energy storage unit was studied experimentally at the periodic steady state generated by cyclic energy storage and recovery. The periodic steady state was obtained by alternating identical freezing periods with identical melting periods. The storage unit was a cylindrical container of commercial paraffin wax. Energy was transferred to (and from) the wax by temperature controlled water flowing through a submerged helical coil. Measurements were made of the amount of energy stored and recovered as functions of the freezing and melting times, the temperature of water and the geometry of the coil. A simple model was proposed to calculate the energy stored or recovered in the periodic steady state. 相似文献
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Although the heat of infinitesimal vaporization should properly be called the heat of vaporization for mixtures, its measurement or calculation has been very difficult. In the present work, practical and direct expressions of the heat of vaporization for mixtures are proposed newly. These expressions have their roots in well-known thermodynamic relations. They provide examples for the calculation of the heat of vaporization of mixtures, which are useful, since such examples are scarce in the literature. Any type of equation of state is applicable to these new expressions. The expressions for a closed system are related to infinitesimal vaporization at constant pressure or constant temperature, and the expression for a continuous process represents a liquid-vapor interface where steady vaporization and condensation are taking place. Calculations of heat of vaporization using the new expressions are demonstrated for propane-isobutane mixture. This demonstration highlights the fact that the heat of vaporization of mixtures is quite dependent upon the process, system, and composition. 相似文献
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A solar desalination unit with humidification and dehumidification, characterized by reusing some of somewhat concentrated saline water after evaporation, recovering condensation heat, and forced air flow, was expected to produce more fresh water. A mathematical model of the unit is presented. The model was experimentally validated for numerical simulation. Parametric analysis was conducted in order to optimize the unit performance. The effect of some of the operating conditions such as flow rates, temperatures of feed water, air and cooling water, etc., was studied in detail. The daily solar productivity corresponding to unit square meter of collector area is about 6 kg/m2/d with 20 MJ solar energy input a day under given conditions. The unit has proven to be an efficient device to utilize solar energy for obtaining fresh water from saline water. 相似文献
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针对目前管式太阳能蒸馏装置在常压运行时产水率较低的问题,提出了一种可在真空负压条件下连续补水运行的管式蒸馏方法,并在定温及定功率加热条件下,测试了实验样机负压运行时的温度及产水率变化,证明了所提出的负压条件下运行的管式蒸馏方法优于常压运行的一般蒸馏方法。在PT=40 kPa、Qh=200 W定功率加热实验中,空腔传热温差比常压运行时降低约40%;装置全天累计产水量为1.9 kg,比常压运行时产水量增加22.5%。基于稳态实验数据得到了负压修正的空腔传质计算关系式,在此基础上构建了管式蒸馏装置在负压条件运行时的产水率预测模型,其对实验样机全天累计产水预测误差和最大产水率误差分别为2.1%和4%。 相似文献
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面对严重的能源与环境问题,开发节能与环保的新技术一直都是国内外特别重视的研究热点。采用自然工质水的高温热泵系统结合了高温热泵与自然工质水的优势,不仅可以有效地回收低品位热能,而且绿色环保,是理想的下一代高温热泵技术。从理论计算以及实验验证两方面对采用自然工质水的高温热泵系统进行了性能分析研究。结果表明,负压条件下蒸发、正压条件下冷凝的水蒸气闭式热泵循环系统是可行的,同时实验结果表明当压缩机吸气温度为80℃,排气饱和温度从117℃提高到133℃,系统压比从3.47升高到5.94时,采用自然工质水的高温热泵系统COP从5.6下降到3.7。其中压缩机的排气饱和温度为120℃,压比为4.2时,热泵系统的COP接近于5,性能优越,在工业生产中具有较大的推广应用价值。 相似文献
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机械蒸汽再压缩蒸发系统的性能分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
机械蒸汽再压缩(MVR)蒸发系统是一种新型高效节能蒸发技术。它有多个单元设备组成,每个操作节点的控制都对系统运行的稳定性和节能效率至关重要,其中包括进料温度、蒸发压强、蒸汽压缩比、冷凝液温度等。若操作条件不当,不仅会大大降低蒸发效率而且会对设备和管路造成损害。本文建立了一套充分利用能源的MVR蒸发工艺流程,并通过理论分析对每个操作节点进行了质量和能量衡算,同时利用Aspen Plus模拟软件建立了系统的流程模拟图。通过对操作单元的变量控制,研究了循环蒸汽量、补充水的量与进料温度、冷凝液温度、蒸汽压缩比以及蒸发压强等之间的变化关系。由数据分析可得:原料在饱和液体时进料最佳,冷凝液的温度应保持与蒸发温度的有效温差在5~8 ℃时较好,压缩机的蒸汽压缩比控制在1.8~2.2较为合理。同时可利用冷凝液和浓缩液的余热对原料预热,补充水也可从冷凝液中直接取用。 相似文献