并行面向对象可视化程序设计环境的设计与实现

将可视化和面向对象技术引入并行程序设计将大大提高并行程序的开发效率，文章介绍了基于并行C＋＋的并行面向对象可视化开发环境的设计思想和组成结构。     

PPCDS集成开发环境的设计与实现

PPCDS(并行程序概念设计系统)是一个将数据并行高层建模语言、并行识别方法、并行程序自动构造和人机交互界面技术集成在一起的并行程序设计环境,能简化并行程序设计,有效缩短并行程序开发周期,提高并行计算效率。PPCDS集成开发环境是PPCDS的重要组成部分,文中就PPCDS集成开发环境的设计和实现进行了简单介绍。     

一个基于机群系统的面向对象并行程序 开发环境的研究与实现

面向对象程序设计技术可以降低并行程序设计的复杂性,提高并行程序的可读性、可维护性、可移植性.因此提供面向对象的并行程序设计环境,可以减少并行程序开发难度,有效地利用并行计算机系统的潜能.可扩展并行机群系统是随着网络技术迅速发展而出现的一种网络并行计算系统.其主要特点是适于粗粒度任务并行,适于采用消息传递机制.文中在可扩展机群系统上实现了面向对象的并行程序开发环境ParaObject,它由对象平台、并行对象和邮件对象组成,并行程序以并行对象为单位并行执行,通过邮件对象传送数据,具有良好的封装性和可移植性,友好的用户编程接口,使用方便.     

一个基于机群系统的面向对象并行程序开发环境的研究与实现

面向对象程序设计技术可以降低并行程序设计的复杂性、提高并行程序的可读性,可维护性、可移植性,因此提供面向对象的并行程序设计环境,可以减少并行程序开发难度,有效地利用并行计算机系统的潜能,可扩展并行机群系统是随着网络技术迅速发展而出现的一种网络并行计算系统,其主要特点是适于粗糙度任务并行,适于采用消化传递机制,文中在可扩展机群系统上实现了面向对象的并行程序开发环境ＰａｒａＯｂｊｃｃｔ,它由对象平台,     

一种将设计模式用于程序精化演算的并行程序设计方法研究

并行程序设计是并行计算的难点之一。提出了一种将设计模式用于程序精化演算的并行程序设计方法。它通过在Z语言的Schema演算体系中扩充并行的概念和表示，使用设计模式，将问题求解和并行开发的知识进行形式化的定义与描述，通过扩充的Schema演算将其与模型规范进行复合，逐步精化得到抽象并行程序。通过实例对这一方法进行了详细的描述。     

基于STM模型的面向可视化并行程序的设计

并行程序设计由于需要考虑进程之间的同步等问题使得编码过程十分复杂。可视化的并行程序设计为程序员提供了图形化的编程模板和骨架来进行并行程序的设计工作,在一定程度上减小了并行程序的设计难度。首先研究软件事务性内存模型,它相对于传统的并行程序设计方法而言有着接口简单灵活,可扩展性强等特点,之后将STM模型运用到可视化程序设计中来,使得其编程接口以UML活动图的形式提供给编程人员使用,不用依赖特定的软件或硬件环境,提高了可视化并行程序设计的通用性与可扩展性。     

一种基于设计模式的三阶段并行程序设计方法

并行程序的可编程性是并行计算的难点之一，使用传统的方法对非数值问题进行并行求解则更加困难。通过对设计模式概念的扩展，定义了算法模式与结构模式，以此为基础提出了一种基于设计模式的三阶段并行程序设计方法，并通过算法模式库与结构模式库实现对该方法的系统支持，该方法不仅可有于一般的数值问题求解，而且在处理复杂的非数值问题时与传统方法相比要简单得多，通过一个简单的数值问题和一个复杂非数值问题作为实例说明了使用这一方法进行问题并行求解与并行程序设计的过程。     

一种从Z规约到并行程序的精化方法

提出了一种通过对设计模式进行精化,从Z规约开发并行程序的方法.该方法对Z语言进行了并行扩充,从Z功能规约出发,通过使用扩展的设计模式逐步精化得到并行的设计规约,再通过保持语义的转换,得到可最后转换为并行代码的抽象并行程序.通过实例对这一方法进行了详细的描述.     

并行可视化程序开发

可视化程序设计是当前应用程序设计的主流,文章借鉴了一些串行程序的可视化开发环境的实现方法,针对并行程序的特点,提出了并行C++程序设计的可视化模型,并用java将其开发出来,解决了一些实际遇见的问题,大大方便了并行程序的编写。     

分布式系统并行编程的简单方法

本文以并行矩阵乘法为例子,给出在PVM, EXPRESS以及NX环境上的并行程序实现.通过对这个简单例子的分析,归纳出在一般情况下并行程序设计应采取的策略.这里介绍的并行程序设计方法,特别对大型应用问题的并行移植是非常有用的,其目的是为想写并行程序的科研人员提供参考.     

Visual programming support for graph‐oriented parallel/distributed processing

GOP is a graph‐oriented programming model which aims at providing high‐level abstractions for configuring and programming cooperative parallel processes. With GOP, the programmer can configure the logical structure of a parallel/distributed program by constructing a logical graph to represent the communication and synchronization between the local programs in a distributed processing environment. This paper describes a visual programming environment, called VisualGOP, for the design, coding, and execution of GOP programs. VisualGOP applies visual techniques to provide the programmer with automated and intelligent assistance throughout the program design and construction process. It provides a graphical interface with support for interactive graph drawing and editing, visual programming functions and automation facilities for program mapping and execution. VisualGOP is a generic programming environment independent of programming languages and platforms. GOP programs constructed under VisualGOP can run in heterogeneous parallel/distributed systems. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The programming model of ASSIST, an environment for parallel and distributed portable applications

A software development system based upon integrated skeleton technology (ASSIST) is a proposal of a new programming environment oriented to the development of parallel and distributed high-performance applications according to a unified approach. The main goals are: high-level programmability and software productivity for complex multidisciplinary applications, including data-intensive and interactive software; performance portability across different platforms, in particular large-scale platforms and grids; effective reuse of parallel software; efficient evolution of applications through versions that scale according to the underlying technologies.

The purpose of this paper is to show the principles of the proposed approach in terms of the programming model (successive papers will deal with the environment implementation and with performance evaluation). The features and the characteristics of the ASSIST programming model are described according to an operational semantics style and using examples to drive the presentation, to show the expressive power and to discuss the research issues.

According to our previous experience in structured parallel programming, in ASSIST we wish to overcome some limitations of the classical skeletons approach to improve generality and flexibility, expressive power and efficiency for irregular, dynamic and interactive applications, as well as for complex combinations of task and data parallelism. A new paradigm, called “parallel module” (parmod), is defined which, in addition to expressing the semantics of several skeletons as particular cases, is able to express more general parallel and distributed program structures, including both data-flow and nondeterministic reactive computations. ASSIST allows the programmer to design the applications in the form of generic graphs of parallel components. Another distinguishing feature is that ASSIST modules are able to utilize external objects, including shared data structures and abstract objects (e.g. CORBA), with standard interfacing mechanisms. In turn, an ASSIST application can be reused and exported as a component for other applications, possibly expressed in different formalisms.     

并行程序开发流程及其辅助工具设计

并行程序开发大多遵循"开发-执行-验证和分析"的流程,开发周期较长,效率低下,而正确性和高性能是使用并行程序的首要条件.为此,提出了一种贯彻算法设计、程序开发到结果分析全过程的、可以同时进行正确性验证和性能分析的开发流程,给出了较完善的计算机辅助开发工具设计的原则和方法,并开发了消息传递并行程序设计的辅助工具原型.实验证明,该流程和方法提高了并行程序开发效率,简化了程序员的工作.     

基于CMP系统的并行编程模式研究

研究基于CMP（Chip Multiple Processors,片上多处理器）系统的并行编程模式旨在建立开发CMP系统上并行程序的整套方法。首先简要介绍了多核并行计算,然后通过对CMP系统上并行计算问题的综合归纳,提出了基于CMP系统的并行编程模式的概念模型,这个概念模型包含并行体系结构、并行算法设计模型、开发环境、并行程序实现模型四个核心要素;其次,对各并行编程模式各要素及其子概念的内涵进行了阐释;最后以实例对并行编程模式进行说明,初步验证了这套编程模式的合理性。     

Designing parallel systems: a performance prediction problem

PSEE (Parallel System Evaluation Environment) is a software tool that provides a multiprocessor system for research into alternative architectural decisions and experimentation, with such issues as selection, design, tuning, scheduling, clustering and routing policies. PSEE facilitates simulation and performance evaluation as well as a prediction environment for the design and tuning of parallel systems. These tasks involve cycles through programming, simulation, measurement, visualization and modification of parallel system parameters. PSEE includes a parallel programming tool, a simulator for link oriented parallel systems, BOLAS, and a performance evaluation tool, GRAPH. These PSEE modules are tools oriented to support the above tasks in user-friendly, interactive and animated graphical form. PSEE provides quantitative information in a graphical tailored form. This numerical/graphical output helps the user make decisions about his/her particular development.     

High-level abstractions for message-passing parallel programming

Large-scale scientific and engineering computation problems are usually complex and consequently the development of parallel programs for solving these problems is a difficult task. In this paper, we describe the graph-oriented programming (GOP) model and environment for building and evaluating parallel applications. The GOP model provides higher level abstractions for message-passing parallel programming and the software environment offers tools which can ease programmers for parallelizing, writing, and deploying scientific and engineering computing applications. We discuss the motivations and various issues in developing the model and the software environment, present the design of the system architecture and the components, and describe the evaluation of the environment implemented on top of MPI with a sample parallel scientific application program. With the support of the high-level abstractions provided by the proposed GOP environment, programming of parallel applications on various parallel architectures can be greatly simplified.     

From Design Patterns to Parallel Architectural Skeletons

The concept of design patterns has been extensively studied and applied in the context of object-oriented software design. Similar ideas are being explored in other areas of computing as well. Over the past several years, researchers have been experimenting with the feasibility of employing design-patterns related concepts in the parallel computing domain. In the past, several pattern-based systems have been developed with the intention to facilitate faster parallel application development through the use of preimplemented and reusable components that are based on frequently used parallel computing design patterns. However, most of these systems face several serious limitations such as limited flexibility, zero extensibility, and the ad hoc nature of their components. Lack of flexibility in a parallel programming system limits a programmer to using only the high-level components provided by the system. Lack of extensibility here refers to the fact that most of the existing pattern-based parallel programming systems come with a set of prebuilt patterns integrated into the system. However, the system provides no obvious way of increasing the repertoire of patterns when need arises. Also, most of these systems do not offer any generic view of a parallel computing pattern, a fact which may be at the root of several of their shortcomings. This research proposes a generic (i.e., pattern- and application-independent) model for realizing and using parallel design patterns. The term “parallel architectural skeleton” is used to represent the set of generic attributes associated with a pattern. The Parallel Architectural Skeleton Model (PASM) is based on the message-passing paradigm, which makes it suitable for a LAN of workstations and PCs. The model is flexible as it allows the intermixing of high-level patterns with low-level message-passing primitives. An object-oriented and library-based implementation of the model has been completed using C++and MPI, without necessitating any language extension. The generic model and the library-based implementation allow new patterns to be defined and included into the system. The skeleton-library serves as a framework for the systematic, hierarchical development of network-oriented parallel applications.     

水声环境特征参数并行预报方法研究

随着水声装备的快速发展,其性能发挥与海洋环境的耦合越来越紧密,如何为水声传感器提供长时间、大范围、精细化水声环境参数信息,对优化水声传感器设计,充分发挥其探测性能,实现海洋环境与传感器性能发挥的最佳匹配具有重要意义。利用MPI并行编程环境开发了水声环境特征参数并行预报程序,实现了水声环境特征参数的快速预报,针对并行程序存在的任务负载不均衡问题,分析了造成负载分配不均衡的原因,给出了性能优化的策略和方法。测试结果表明,优化后的并行程序,负载均衡问题得到了有效改善,计算时间大幅缩短,大大提升了水声环境参数预报能力。     

A New Parallel Skeleton for General Accumulative Computations

Skeletal parallel programming enables programmers to build a parallel program from ready-made components (parallel primitives) for which efficient implementations are known to exist, making both the parallel program development and the parallelization process easier. Constructing efficient parallel programs is often difficult, however, due to difficulties in selecting a proper combination of parallel primitives and in implementing this combination without having unnecessary creations and exchanges of data among parallel primitives and processors. To overcome these difficulties, we propose a powerful and general parallel skeleton, accumulate, which can be used to naturally code efficient solutions to problems as well as be efficiently implemented in parallel using Message Passing Interface (MPI).