一种基于Message Passing的并行程序设计技术

本文首先分析介绍结构并行计算机系统的两种方法：Ｍｕｌｔｉｐｏｒｃｅｓｓｏｒｓ和Ｍｕｌｔｉｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒｓ，然后介绍一种Ｍｕｌｔｉｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒｓ并行计算机系统中基于ｍｅｓｓａｇｅｐａｓｓｉｎｇ的并行程序设计环境以及并行程序设计方法，它具有程序设计简单，直观等特点，易于构造程序模型，并能获得较好的加速比。     

自动并行编译的新进展

自动并行编译是并行程序的主要途径之一,本文概述了发展自动并行化编译的必要性及其主要进展,讨论了当前采用的主要技术和今后的发展动向。     

并行程序设计环境和工具研究综述

并行程序设计环境和工具已经成为并行程序设计人员的必备工具和得力助手,可以说,没有好的并行程序设计环境和工具,就没有好的并行处理。本文简略回顾并行程序设计环境和工具的研究历史,介绍这些研究的现状和动向,分析有关的关键技术,最后展望并行程序设计环境的发展前景。     

基于分布式共享存储器的并行程序设计

本文概述了分布式并行系统和分布式共享存储器的一般概念，讨论了使用共享对象和可靠广播的并行程序设计模型，最后给出了我们的改进模型。     

并行遗传算法骨架的研究和实现

通过对并行遗传算法的4种并行模型和基于骨架的编程模型的对比研究,设计并实现了一个并行遗传算法骨架,用以简化并行遗传算法应用程序的开发过程.透明的并行机制,使得用户只需编写个体适应度函数的顺序程序,再调用该算法骨架就可以完成并行遗传算法程序开发;开放的算法骨架结构,可以吸收遗传算法研究领域众多优秀成熟的改进算法;多种编码方式的支持为用户提供的更自由的选择空间.该算法骨架通过调用现有的结构骨架实现具体的并行,从而与并行计算平台相独立,具有很高的重用性和灵活性.     

分布并行系统的并行程序设计环境

分布式并行计算机系统中，由于没有共享内存以支持处理机间的数据交换，因而需采用ｍｅｓｓａｇｅｐａｓｓｉｎｇ的方式实现并行计算中处理机间的数据通讯，并行程序设计环境作为程序员使用并行计算机系统工具，对于并行处理技术以及并行计算机系统的发展与推广应用都有重要的作用，本文将分布基于ｍｅｓｓａｇｅｐａｓｓｉｎｇ的并行计算机系统中的并行程序设计环境的基本问题，并介绍几种典型的并行程序设计环境。     

并行面向对象可视化程序设计环境的设计与实现

将可视化和面向对象技术引入并行程序设计将大大提高并行程序的开发效率,文章介绍了基于并行C＋＋的并行面向对象可视化开发环境的设计思想和组成结构。     

The Fork95 parallel programming language: Design, implementation, application

Fork95 is an imperative parallel programming language intended to express algorithms for synchronous shared memory machines (PRAMs). It is based on ANSI C and offers additional constructs to hierarchically divide processor groups into subgroups and manage shared and private address subspaces. Fork95 makes the assembly-level synchronicity of the underlying hardware available to the programmer at the language level. Nevertheless, it supports locally asynchronous computation where desired by the programmer. We present a one pass compiler, fcc, which compiles Fork95 and C programs to the SB-PRAM machine. The SB-PRAM is a lock-step synchronous, massively parallel multiprocessor currently being built at Saarbrücken University, with a physically shared memory and uniform memory access time. We examine three important types of parallel computation frequently used for the parallel solution of real-world problems. While farming and parallel divide-and-conquer are directly supported by Fork95 language constructs, pipelining can be easily expressed using existing language features; an additional language construct for pipelining is not required.     

A configuration approach to parallel programming

This paper advocates a configuration approach to parallel programming for distributed memory multicomputers, in particular, arrays of transputers. The configuration approach prescribes the rigorous separation of the logical structure of a program from its component parts. In the context of parallel programs, components are processes which communicate by exchanging messages. The configuration defines the instances of these processes which exist in the program and the paths by which they are interconnected.

The approach is demonstrated by a toolset (Tonic) which embodies the configuration paradigm. A separate configuration language is used to describe both the logical structure of the parallel program and the physical structure of the target multicomputer. Different logical to physical mappings can be obtained by applying different physical configurations to the same logical configuration. The toolset has been developed from the Conic system for distributed programming. The use of the toolset is illustrated through its application to the development of a parallel program to compute Mandelbrot sets.     

并行程序概念设计方法的研究

并行程序概念设计方法是将数据并行高层建模语言研究、并行识别方法、并行程序自动构造和人机交互界面技术集成在一起的并行程序设计的一种新方法,能简化并行程序设计,有效缩短并行程序开发周期,提高并行计算效率。文中就上述4个方面的主要技术作了简要介绍,给出了并行程序概念设计系统(PPCDS)的基本框架和计算实例。     

The programming model of ASSIST, an environment for parallel and distributed portable applications

A software development system based upon integrated skeleton technology (ASSIST) is a proposal of a new programming environment oriented to the development of parallel and distributed high-performance applications according to a unified approach. The main goals are: high-level programmability and software productivity for complex multidisciplinary applications, including data-intensive and interactive software; performance portability across different platforms, in particular large-scale platforms and grids; effective reuse of parallel software; efficient evolution of applications through versions that scale according to the underlying technologies.

The purpose of this paper is to show the principles of the proposed approach in terms of the programming model (successive papers will deal with the environment implementation and with performance evaluation). The features and the characteristics of the ASSIST programming model are described according to an operational semantics style and using examples to drive the presentation, to show the expressive power and to discuss the research issues.

According to our previous experience in structured parallel programming, in ASSIST we wish to overcome some limitations of the classical skeletons approach to improve generality and flexibility, expressive power and efficiency for irregular, dynamic and interactive applications, as well as for complex combinations of task and data parallelism. A new paradigm, called “parallel module” (parmod), is defined which, in addition to expressing the semantics of several skeletons as particular cases, is able to express more general parallel and distributed program structures, including both data-flow and nondeterministic reactive computations. ASSIST allows the programmer to design the applications in the form of generic graphs of parallel components. Another distinguishing feature is that ASSIST modules are able to utilize external objects, including shared data structures and abstract objects (e.g. CORBA), with standard interfacing mechanisms. In turn, an ASSIST application can be reused and exported as a component for other applications, possibly expressed in different formalisms.     

A new parallel algorithm for parsing arithmetic infix expressions

A new parallel algorithm for transforming an arithmetic infix expression into a par se tree is presented. The technique is based on a result due to Fischer (1980) which enables the construction of the parse tree, by appropriately scanning the vector of precedence values associated with the elements of the expression. The algorithm presented here is suitable for execution on a shared memory model of an SIMD machine with no read/write conflicts permitted. It uses O(n) processors and has a time complexity of O(log²n) where n is the expression length. Parallel algorithms for generating code for an SIMD machine are also presented.     

广域网并行TCP加速系统的研究与实现

随着互联网业务的高速发展,广域网在网络响应速度方面已经越来越无法满足用户的需求。鉴于此,提出了一种基于并行TCP的广域网加速方案,采用双网关加速模式,设计实现了一个并行TCP加速网关系统。该系统实现了会话接入控制管理以及会话数据截获、处理、加速传输和流量控制。最后,通过对系统进行了Web网页访问测试和文件传输测试表明,该系统大大提高了广域网的响应速度,表现出很好的广域网加速效果。     

基于HSA的并行网络仿真系统设计与实现

为模拟不同激励下的网络行为,评估网络协议对网络结构发生变化时的反应,在研究了路由器及路由选择协议仿真技术的基础上,结合高性能计算机模拟体系结构HSA,提出并实现了一种并行网络环境仿真系统。通过对通用路由器节点、插件式路由协议、可替换流量节点以及网络拓扑生成部分的具体描述,对该系统作了详尽的探讨。最后通过一个环形拓扑,验证了该并行网络仿真系统与基于单机实现的网络仿真软件相比具有显著的优势。     

虚拟并口的设计与实现

针对在采用无线技术替代打印电缆传送打印数据时遇到的如何获得打印数据的问题，提出了虚拟并口的解决方案。这种方案适用于各种型号的打印机，它不需要修改打印机驱动程序，也不破坏系统原有的结构。介绍了虚拟并口的实现方法。对虚拟并口的特点进行了总结。     

支持多种并行程序设计模式的可移植并行调试器设计与实现

MPDG是为高性能并行巨型机系统设计的调试工具,其设计指导思想是：1．采用Client/Server结构,实现系统的可移植性,具体表现为将用户界面,并行调试管理与调试监控服务分离,调试监控采用目标系统支持的调试器;2．以同一的使用方式支持多种并行程序设计模式应用,针对共享内存的并行目标应用（如OpenMP程序)和基．于水息传递的分布式目标应用（如PVM或MPI程序）,提供风格完全一致的调试手段;3．实现图形用户界面,MPDG的GUI分为3级,即主界面,进程集,单个进程,进程集控制特别适合具有相同执行流和用户视图的并行进程的调试。     

基于模式的并行编程环境中任务队列模式的研究与实现

并行程序的设计是并行计算的难点之一。本文在基于模式的并行编程方法的基础上,对一种典型的并行计算与通信模式-任务队列模式进行了深入的研究,并在基于模式的并行编程环境中对该模式进行了实现。本文将通过两个典型的应用实例说明在基于模式的并行编程环境中使用任务队列模式进行问题的并行求解与并行程序开发的过程,并从实现效率和可编程性方面对使用任务队列模式的并行程序和传统的MPI/PVM实现的并行程序进行了分析与比较。