柴油机电控EGR系统的研究

系统地阐述了废气再循环(EGR)电控系统的开发流程,重点讨论了电控系统的组成以及软硬件的结构与设计,对EGR的控制策略进行了初步研究,并同时考虑到信号的抗干扰能力,分析了该系统的发动机台架试验结果。     

具有自动控制功能的柴油机EGR系统的研制

研究了与柴油机匹配的电控废气再循环系统,进行了电控EGR系统中的部分硬件、硬件电路设计和软件的编写,EGR的实现方式和EGR系统与柴油机匹配的问题.试验用柴油机在使用了自行设计的电控EGR系统后,实现了整个转速、负荷范围内EGR率的自动控制.13工况排放测试结果表明:采用EGR系统,NOx排放降低26.7 %、微粒总量和HC排放几乎不变、CO排放上升15.5 %.     

国Ⅳ柴油机EGR的控制与匹配研究

废气再循环(EGR)技术,作为一种成熟的排放控制策略,在国Ⅳ排放柴油机上已有广泛的应用,以某电控共轨柴油机为例介绍了EGR阀的结构和工作原理,以及在应用该技术的过程中如何实现EGR率的控制和EGR脉谱图的标定,通过试验对EGR系统进行了验证,表明该电控共轨柴油机能够达到国Ⅳ排放要求。     

基于EGR技术的国Ⅳ重型柴油机燃烧系统开发

在一台电控重型柴油机上进行了基于EGR技术的燃烧系统开发研究,组建了基于WGT增压器的电控高压EGR系统,研究了燃烧室、喷油器、增压器、EGR率及喷油参数等对柴油机性能和排放的影响,确定了最终的重型柴油机国IV燃烧系统优化方案.结果表明:通过优化匹配燃烧室和增压器并采用孔径较小的多孔喷油器能显著改善柴油机NOx和烟度之间的折衷关系;小负荷时,推迟喷油可以使NOx在降低较多的情况下烟度略有下降;随着EGR率增加,提高喷油压力与推迟喷油相结合,可以同时降低大负荷的NOx和烟度排放,并能改善燃油经济性.ESC循环测试结果表明,通过对燃烧系统、EGR和喷油控制参数的综合优化,在不采用后处理器的情况下,柴油机各气体排放(NOx、HC和CO)及微粒(PM)均达到国Ⅳ排放标准,十三工况加权油耗率与原机基本相当.     

增压直喷式柴油机EGR率测试及优化研究

针对增压直喷式柴油机,开展了应用废气再循环技术降低NOx排放的研究.研究了不同EGR率对发动机13工况下性能和排放的影响规律,并优选了发动机13工况下EGR率.利用设计的EGR电控系统,实现了发动机EGR率的自动控制,并通过试验对EGR系统进行了验证.     

某柴油机EGR阀结焦问题的分析

采用冷却EGR,在降低NO2排放的同时,微粒(PM)排放及燃油经济性没有明显恶化,从而使其已成为目前先进柴油机主流技术之一。尤其是使用电控EGR阀能够更精确地控制EGR量,使得发动机能够在各种工况下发挥出最佳效果,但由于电控EGR阀要求的边界使用条件较为严格,也更容易出现问题。我们以某柴油机出现的EGR阀结焦问题为案例,来探讨EGR阀结焦问题的解决方法。     

本田雅阁轿车热车怠速不稳故障的排除

一部本田雅阁轿车在拆装发动机及变速器总成后 ,当装复试车时就出现了冷车怠速一切正常、而热车后怠速不稳的现象。该车发动机采用了EGR系统 ,该系统中EGR阀的真空是由2个相互串联的EGR控制电磁阀和EGR真空控制修正阀共同控制的。从进气歧管上方的真空增压罐来的真空源经过EGR真空控制修正阀 (VCV)压力调整后 ,再由EGR控制电磁阀控制到EGR阀的真空通道 ,最后再作用到EGR阀的真空膜片上 ,达到调节燃烧后的废气进气歧管参加再循环燃烧多少量的目的。首先 ,利用自诊断系统读取发动机故障码 ,发动机电控系统没有故障储存 ,检查各连接…     

基于EGR技术的国IV重型柴油机燃烧系统开发

在一台电控重型柴油机上进行了基于EGR技术的燃烧系统开发研究,组建了基于WGT增压器的电控高压EGR系统,研究了燃烧室、喷油器、增压器、EGR率及喷油参数等对柴油机性能和排放的影响,确定了最终的重型柴油机国IV燃烧系统优化方案．结果表明：通过优化匹配燃烧室和增压器并采用孔径较小的多孔喷油器能显著改善柴油机NOx和烟度之...     

基于多级闭环的电控EGR控制策略的研究

以降低NOx排放为目标,对柴油机的废气再循环(exhaust gas recirculation,EGR)控制展开研究。首先根据柴油机的结构特点设计了带冷却的电控高压回路EGR系统,以空气流量和EGR阀开度作为反馈信号,采用膜片-推杆执行机构及电子节气门节流辅助控制,提高EGR系统的响应速度;然后基于上述拟定系统设计了基于进气流量和位置开度的EGR多级闭环控制算法,实现整车全工况EGR的闭环控制,提高EGR的控制精度及控制一致性;最后在柴油机台架上对EGR多级闭环控制策略进行了验证。研究结果表明:该控制策略可实现理想的响应性和一致性控制效果,满足柴油机性能和排放的开发要求。     

柴油机EGR电控冷却系统试验研究

研究了 CA498 柴油机在不同工况下EGR冷却温度对NOx等排放的影响规律,确定了各个工况下EGR的最佳冷却温度,据此设计出一套EGR冷却温度控制装置,可以通过单片机控制伺服电动水泵的转速来调节冷却水的循环量,确保不同工况下的最佳EGR冷却温度.将该电控冷却系统在CA498柴油机上进行了试验.结果表明,与未冷却的EGR系统相比,该EGR电控冷却系统在c0和Hc的排放略有增加的情况下,可以有效地降低NOx的排放、烟度和油耗率.     

Performance and emission characteristics of CIE using hydrogen,biodiesel, and massive EGR

Hydrogen is considered as an excellent energy carrier and can be used in diesel engines that operate in dual fuel mode. Many studies have shown that biodiesel, which is sustainable, clean, and safe, a good alternative to fossil fuel. However, tests have confirmed that using biodiesel or hydrogen as a fuel or added fuel in compression ignition engines increases NOx concentrations. Cooled or hot exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) effectively controls the NOx outflows of diesel engines. However, this technique is restricted by high particulate matter PM emissions and the low thermal efficiency of diesel engines.In this study, gaseous hydrogen was added to the intake manifold of a diesel engine that uses biodiesel fuel as pilot fuel. The investigation was conducted under heavy-EGR conditions. An EGR system was modified to achieve the highest possible control on the EGR ratio and temperature. Hot EGR was recirculated directly from the engine exhaust to the intake manifold. A heat exchanger was utilized to maintain the temperature of the cooled EGR at 25 °C.The supplied hydrogen increased NOx concentrations in the exhaust gas emissions and high EGR rates reduced the brake thermal efficiency. The reduction in NOx emissions depended on the added hydrogen and the EGR ratios when compared with pure diesel combustion. Adding hydrogen to significant amounts of recycled exhaust gas reduced the CO, PM, and unburned hydrocarbon (HC) emissions significantly. Results showed that using hydrogen and biodiesel increases engine noise, which is reduced by adding high levels of EGR.     

Hydrogen effects on NOx emissions and brake thermal efficiency in a diesel engine under low-temperature and heavy-EGR conditions

Cooled and heavy exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) has been used to control NOx emissions from diesel engines, but its application has been limited by low thermal efficiency or high unburned hydrocarbon emissions. In this study, hydrogen was added into the intake manifold of a diesel engine to investigate its effect on NOx emissions and thermal efficiency under low-temperature and heavy-EGR conditions. The energy content of the introduced hydrogen was varied from an equivalent of 2-10% of the total fuel’s lower heating value. A test engine was operated at a constant diesel fuel injection rate and engine speed to maintain the same engine control unit (ECU) parameters, such as injection time, while observing changes in the carbon dioxide produced due to variations in the hydrogen supply. Additionally, the EGR system was modified to control the EGR ratio. The temperature of the intake gas manifold was controlled by both the EGR cooler and the inter-cooling devices to maintain a temperature of 25 °C. Exhaust NOx emissions were measured for different hydrogen flow rates at a constant EGR ratio. The test results demonstrated that the supplied hydrogen reduced the specific NOx emissions at a given EGR ratio while increasing the brake thermal efficiency. This behavior was observed over constant EGR ratios of 2, 16, and 31%. The rate of NOx reduction due to hydrogen addition increased at higher EGR ratios compared with pure diesel combustion at the same EGR ratio. At an EGR ratio of 31%, when the hydrogen equivalent to 10% of the total fuel’s lower heating value was supplied, the specific NOx was lowered by 25%, and there was a slight increase in the brake thermal efficiency. This behavior was investigated by measuring and analyzing changes in the exhaust gas composition, including oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor.     

柴油机废气再循环电控系统的设计及应用

针对增压直喷柴油机开展废气再循环(EGR)技术的研究与应用,依据柴油机EGR控制系统的工作特点和功能要求,进行了控制系统的硬件电路设计和控制软件编写,实际控制效果良好,有效降低了氮氧化物的排放。     

采用VNT/EGR和DOC降低柴油机排放的试验

在一台高压共轨柴油机上进行了采用基于可变喷嘴环涡轮增压器(VNT)的废气再循环(EGR)系统(VNT/EGR)和柴油机氧化催化器(DOC)降低排放的试验研究。结果表明,通过调节VNT开度可以有效实现EGR循环和控制EGR率,显著降低NOx排放,并且在一定EGR率范围内对烟度影响较小。提高喷射压力可以较明显改善NOx和烟度的折衷关系,采用合理的后喷参数能够在不明显影响经济性和NOx排放的前提下显著降低烟度。对燃烧室进行降低压缩比的合理设计也可以明显改善NOx和烟度的折衷关系。在燃烧系统优化的基础上,最终加装DOC的ESC循环排放测试结果满足了国Ⅳ要求,其中PM为0.0191g/(kW·h),NOx为2.88g/(kW·h),HC和CO排放远低于国Ⅳ限值。     

CA6102Q发动机废气再循环系统的设计及试验研究

在介绍ＣＡ６１０２Ｑ发动机废气再循环装置结构特点的基础上，着重分析了废气再循环对发动机排放功能、经济性和动力性的影响。实验证明，发动机安装该装置后，在合理控制废气再循环率而对发动机经济性和动力性影响不大的情况下，排放性能大为改善。     

H2 effects on diesel combustion and emissions with an LPL-EGR system

In this study, we examined H₂ effects on the combustion and emissions of a diesel engine with low-pressure loop (LPL) exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). We converted a 2.2-L four-cylinder direct-injection diesel engine satisfying Euro5 for H₂ supply. An LPL-EGR system replaced the high-pressure loop (HPL) EGR system. For all tests, the brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) was kept at 4 bar and the EGR ratio was varied from 9 to 42%. The H₂ energy percentage was varied from 0 to 7.4% independently to evaluate the H₂ effects and EGR effects separately. The heat release rate was calculated from the measured cylinder pressure. We found that substitution of H₂ for diesel fuel made the premixed burn fraction larger, and reduced the nitrous oxide (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) emissions simultaneously. For example, the NOx emissions were reduced by 36% for an EGR of 42% and an H₂ percentage of 7.4%. PM emissions were reduced by 18% for an EGR of 35% and an H₂ percentage of 7.4% compared with diesel fuel only cases.     

Use of HOT EGR for NOx control in a compression ignition engine fuelled with bio-diesel from Jatropha oil

Environmental degradation and depleting oil reserves are matters of great concern round the globe. Developing countries like India depend heavily on oil import. Diesel being the main transport fuel in India, finding a suitable alternative to diesel is an urgent need. Jatropha based bio-diesel (JBD) is a non-edible, renewable fuel suitable for diesel engines and is receiving increasing attention in India because of its potential to generate large-scale employment and relatively low environmental degradation. Diesel engines running on JBD are found to emit higher oxides of nitrogen, NO_x. HOT EGR, a low cost technique of exhaust gas recirculation, is effectively used in this work to overcome this environmental penalty. Practical problems faced while using a COOLED EGR system are avoided with HOT EGR. Results indicated higher nitric oxide (NO) emissions when a single cylinder diesel engine was fuelled with JBD, without EGR. NO emissions were reduced when the engine was operated under HOT EGR levels of 5–25%. However, EGR level was optimized as 15% based on adequate reduction in NO emissions, minimum possible smoke, CO, HC emissions and reasonable brake thermal efficiency. Smoke emissions of JBD in the higher load region were lower than diesel, irrespective of the EGR levels. However, smoke emission was higher in the lower load region. CO and HC emissions were found to be lower for JBD irrespective of EGR levels. Combustion parameters were found to be comparable for both fuels.     

增压中冷柴油机EGR数值模拟与试验研究

建立了带废气再循环(EGR)系统的增压中冷柴油机工作过程热力学计算模型,并进行数值模拟,模拟计算与试验结果表明两者基本吻合,误差在合理范围内。在此基础上,研究EGR在不同工况下对柴油机动力性、经济性和排放性的影响,并根据柴油机的综合性能对各工况下最佳EGR率进行优化,得出理想的EGR控制MAP图。最后按照模拟计算结果搭建试验平台,并进行试验研究。研究结果表明:13工况排放测试循环工况的NOx和碳烟排放分别为3.0g/(kW.h)和0.45g/(kW.h),满足欧Ⅳ排放法规的要求。     

Effect of addition of hydrogen and exhaust gas recirculation on characteristics of hydrogen gasoline engine

The effects of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on combustion and emissions under different hydrogen ratios were studied based on an engine with a gasoline intake port injection and hydrogen direct injection. The peak cylinder pressure increases by 9.8% in the presence of a small amount of hydrogen. The heat release from combustion is more concentrated, and the engine torque can increase by 11% with a small amount of hydrogen addition. Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions can be reduced by EGR dilution. Hydrogen addition offsets the blocking effect of EGR on combustion partially, therefore, hydrogen addition permits a higher original engine EGR rate, and yields a larger throttle opening, which improves the mechanical efficiency and decreases NOx emissions by 54.8% compared with the original engine. The effects of EGR on carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions are not obvious and CO and HC emissions can be reduced sharply with hydrogen addition. CO, HC, and NOx emissions can be controlled at a lower level, engine output torque can be increased, and fuel consumption can be reduced significantly with the co-control of hydrogen addition and EGR in a hydrogen gasoline engine.     

废气再循环在柴油机中的应用

本文回顾了废气再循环（EGR）在减少排放，特别是减少NOx排放上的潜力以及限定这一技术的应用范围。详细分析了RGR装置对柴油机的排放和性能的影响，通过深入分析，发现在柴油机进气中引入废气再循环（EGR），相当如置换了部分吸入的空气，这种方式能充分减少NOx的排放。因此，废气再循环的使用是最有效改善尾气排放的技术措施之一。