国内部分化学中间体市场价格

2004年4月17日～4月23日单位:元/吨内酰氯荦:酰氯纯毗啶r二酸】‘■酸酐对氨基苯酚列笨二脓对苯::酚对氟苯胺对甲笨恢对甲笨磺酸对甲酚对E}1祭苯【『j酸刈氯苯胲对氯苯li盼对氯苯甲酸对氯甲苯埘氯氯苄对氯氟苄对叔丁基苯酚对硝基苯酚对溴溴苄二苯甲酮二苯醚:::甲基乙酰胺二甲醚     

缩氨基硫脲类受体的合成和表征

采用对甲基苯胺和高锰酸钾氧化生成对氨基苯甲酸,后者用磷酸三甲酯N甲基化,生成对二甲氨基苯甲酸,其经酯化、肼解得到对二甲氨基苯甲酰肼（A）。A与异硫氰酸对硝基苯酯反应,制得N-对二甲氨苯甲酰胺基-N’-对硝基苯基硫脲,收率76％;同理,对硝基苯肼与异硫氰酸对甲苯酯反应,得到N-对硝基苯胺基-N’-对甲苯基硫脲,收率41％。通过元素分析,IR,1HNMR对化合物的结构进行了表征。     

有了爱便有了一切--怀念冰心

我捧着和冰心老人的合影照片,重读着她在照片背面给我的题词:“有了爱便有了一切冰心”冰心走了,她哼着《平安歌》叩开兔年大门后,平静而去,安祥而归,只把对祖国、对人民、对世界、对人类、对自然、对亲人、对故乡、对师生、对朋友、对少年儿童……精深的爱永留在了人间……     

旋转机械对中误差的分析与调整

以旋转机械的对中误差为研究对象,分析旋转机械回转轴线的对中空间状态和对中误差对机器产生的不良影响,指出对中精度要求不同应采用不同的对中找正方法,同时介绍百分表测量找正法对设备对中误差的检测、计算、调整方法及其注意事项。     

对羟基苯甲酸酯对生物体内分泌系统的影响研究进展

对羟基苯甲酸酯对人体及动物的内分泌系统具有一定的负面影响作用。对羟基苯甲酸酯对内分泌系统的影响研究有助于了解其危害,为有效控制其生物毒性提供强有力的依据。本文主要介绍了关于对羟基苯甲酸酯对生物体内分泌系统包括内分泌器官、肾上腺活性、甲状腺活性、脂肪组织活性和神经发育的影响研究进展,以及对其进行相关展望。并对以后进一步研究对羟基苯甲酸酯对生物体的毒性作用具有重要意义。     

碱性介质中对硝基芳香醚的醚键稳定性研究

设计合成了对硝基苯乙醇、对硝基苯氧乙酸、对硝基苯氧丙酸、对硝基苯氧丁酸、对硝基苯丁醚等一系列的对硝基芳香醚,并以它们作为研究对象,对碱性介质中芳醚键的稳定性进行了研究。发现了对硝基苯氧丙酸亲核取代的异常情况,推测是分子内邻基参与的亲核取代反应。     

氮气工况与二氧化碳工况对煤制甲醇的影响研究

介绍了煤制甲醇的生产工艺,其次研究氮气工况对煤制甲醇的影响,其中包括对变换效率的影响、对低温甲醇洗的影响、对合成质量的影响。最后,研究二氧化碳工况对煤制甲醇的影响,其中主要包括二氧化碳工况的切换、对变换装置的影响、对低温甲醇洗装置的影响以及对煤制甲醇合成装置的影响四方面内容。     

杀螨杀虫剂米尔贝霉素的风险评估

根据挪威食品安全委员会对米尔贝霉素的风险评估报告,在果树上喷洒米尔贝霉素对操作人员有一定的风险,需要防护装备,而对草莓及观赏作物喷洒时对操作人员和农业操作者无风险。米尔贝霉素对哺乳动物、鸟类无影响,对蜜蜂存在风险。当作物喷洒2次米尔贝霉素时,在土壤中的残留对节肢动物中野生食肉动物和拟寄生物有较高风险,对蚯蚓存在中等的风险。在果树喷洒推荐剂量的米尔贝霉素对30m范围内地表水的水生生物存在中等的毒性风险,而对草莓及观赏作物喷洒米尔贝霉素不会对水生生物产生风险。     

顺式对叔丁基环己醇的合成及分离研究进展

概述了顺式对叔丁基环己醇的3种不同的合成方法:方法一是以对叔丁基苯酚为起始原料经加氢来合成顺式对叔丁基环己醇;方法二是以对叔丁基环己酮为起始原料经加氢或者强还原剂还原来合成顺式对叔丁基环己醇;方法三主要是目前顺式对叔丁基环己醇合成的新方法。同时总结了顺式对叔丁基环己醇的分离现状,分析了影响顺式对叔丁基环己醇工业化的多种因素,并对其合成及分离的发展趋势作了展望。     

对苯基苯酚技术现状及应用

介绍了对苯基苯酚的主要用途,国内外对苯基苯酚主要的工艺路线及技术现状,通过对主要生产工艺路线的比较,对今后我国的对苯基苯酚的生产发展提出了建议。     

少烟三元乙丙橡胶材料研制

以三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)为基体材料，三氧化二锑、十溴苯醚为阻燃剂制备了材料配方，试验了三氧化二锑(Sb22O3)、十溴苯醚(DBDPO))配比对材料烟雾和力学性能的影响，测试了材料的氧指数，可见光的透过率，自熄性等。结果表明，DBDPO与EPDM的相容性比较好，Sb2O3的相容性则相对比较差，两者都可以提高材料的阻燃性能。以4045EPDM橡胶为基体材料，当EPDM100g，白炭黑10g，二硫化四甲基秋兰姆(TMTD)2g，ZnO5g，促进剂M1g，硬脂酸2g，硫磺3g，Sb2O3和DBDPO质量比为20．0／40．0，可以获得具有较好力学性能的少烟EPDM橡胶材料。     

Mathematical Modeling and Simulation of Drying Using Two Industrial Concurrent and Countercurrent Rotary Dryers for Ammonium Nitrate

Drying of ammonium nitrate (AN) is accomplished in the Shiraz Petrochemical Complex (SPC) using a concurrent rotary dryer following a countercurrent rotary dryer. A mathematical model for these rotary dryers including heat and mass transfer was developed. The model was checked against industrial-scale data, which showed a good agreement. The average absolute deviation of the simulation results compared to the industrial data for the concurrent dryer was 4.0% for solids moisture, 1.3% for solids temperature, and 1.8% for air temperature and for the countercurrent dryer it was 9.0% for the solids moisture, 2.0% for solids temperature, and 4.6% for air temperature. These simulation results reveal that for outlet solid moisture, inlet AN moisture, and air temperature as well as the outlet temperature of product, the inlet solid and air temperature have major effects for both concurrent and countercurrent flow.     

汽车工业用粘接材料的现状与展望

本文按照汽车制造工序介绍国外汽车工业折边用胶粘剂、点焊胶接用胶粘剂、车身密封胶、车身底涂料、窗玻璃用单组份湿气固化型聚氨酯胶粘剂以及纤维增强树脂用结构胶粘剂等主要胶种的最新技术发展动向。讨论了我国汽车工业用胶粘剂的现状和差距，提出几点建议。     

丙型肝炎病毒核心总抗原检测试剂的评价

目的评价国外丙型肝类病毒核心抗原检测试剂盒的质量以及窗口期检测核心总抗原(HCVcAgTrak-C)的意义。方法用该试剂检测8649份自然献血员及566份HCV可疑感染者血清的核心总抗原,并与抗体试剂(Anti-HCV)、游离抗原(HCVfreeAg)试剂、核酸(HCVRNA)试剂进行比较。结果筛出核心总抗原和抗体同时阳性血清152份,抗体阴性而总抗原阳性血清5份。利用RNA试剂检测这5份血清,结果HCVRNA阳性。利用HCVfreeAg试剂检测这9215份血清,发现2份阳性,其中1份为抗原和抗体同时阳性,RIBA检测确证这份血清产生的是核心区抗体。另1份为单独抗原阳性。结论在应用HCV抗体试剂对血液进行筛查的同时使用HCVcAg试剂检测,可以减少因窗口期造成的漏检。     

国内甲醇消费市场状况

我国甲醇主要用于甲醛、对苯二甲酸二甲酯、农药、甲基叔丁基醚、醋酸的生产,我国甲醇消费量增长最快的领域将是燃料甲醇、醋酸和甲醛。预计 2005年甲醛对甲醇的需求量为 175万t左右,聚甲醛对甲醇的需求量为 40万t,醋酸需求甲醇为 62万t,甲基叔丁基醚为 46万t左右,甲胺为 30万t,碳酸二甲酯为 11万t,甲烷氯化物为 10万t,甲醇燃料为 80万t,农药为 22万t,对苯二甲酸二甲酯 3 0万t,其他衍生物 27万t。     

Taylor dispersion coefficients for longitudinal laminar flow in shell-and-tube exchangers

The problem of determining the shell-side Taylor dispersion coefficient for a shell-and-tube configuration is examined in detail for square and hexagonal arrays of tubes for the case when the shell side flow is laminar and parallel to the tubes. A multipole expansion method is employed to determine fluid velocity and concentration field for the fluid on the shell side. The numerical results for the shell side Taylor dispersion coefficient are compared with those by a cell theory. The cell theory agrees well with the numerical results at small area fractions and gives better estimates for hexagonal arrays. Finally, we present formulas for determining Taylor dispersion coefficient for the periodic arrays.     

Effectiveness in the Removal of Organic Compounds from Municipal Landfill Leachate in Integrated Membrane Systems: Coagulation – NF/RO

The article presents the results of studies concerning the hydraulic permeability of integrated membrane systems during the treatment of municipal landfill leachate. The laboratory-scale experiments were conducted to determine the effectiveness of coagulation as a pretreatment option for treating stabilized landfill leachate and effectiveness of nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) processes. The municipal landfill leachates were analyzed for the concentration of the following: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC), total carbon (TC), suspended soils (SS), turbidity, pH. The commercially available coagulant – aluminum sulfate Al₂(SO₄)₃·18H₂O (alum) was used as a coagulant. The NF process was carried out at the transmembrane pressure of 1.5 MPa. The membrane separation process was based on a thin film membrane (DK). The transmembrane pressure of the RO stood at 2 MPa and for this process one polyamide membrane (AG) was used. The level of leachate treatment was defined for raw and cleaned wastewater indicators. Both NF and RO membranes allowed obtaining the high level of pollutants removal. In the coagulation–NF system, the removal efficiency was equal to 77% for PAHs, 88% for COD, 72% for ammonium nitrogen, 80% for nitrate nitrogen, 67% for TOC, 80% for TC, 96% for SS and during the RO – 86% for PAHs, 98% for COD, 93% for ammonium nitrogen, 87% for nitrate nitrogen, 89% for TOC, 100% for TC, 98% for SS. The calculations based on the assumptions of the mathematical filtration model (relaxation) made it possible to predict the efficiency of commercial filtration membranes used for leachate treatment.     

FULLY DEVELOPED LAMINAR CONVECTION FROM A HELICAL COIL

A general correlating equation has been developed for all Prandtl and Dean numbers. This expression was constructed by joining the theoretical Nusselt number for a straight tube, a theoretical asymptote for the regime of creeping secondary flow, a semi-theoretical expression for the boundary layer regime and an asymptotic value of Nu for the intervening regime of flow.The arbitrary coefficients and exponents in the model were evaluated using experimental and numerically computed values. Slightly differing sets of coefficients are required for uniform wall temperature and longitudinally uniform heating with uniform peripheral wall temperature.

All prior theoretical results were for toroidal flow (zero pitch). A numerical solution was developed for helical flow (finite pitch). These results confirm the validity of neglecting pitch for tightly wound coils but suggest a generalization of the correlating equation for large pitch.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定芦荟中的钙、镁含量

建立了火焰原子吸收光谱法测定芦荟中钙、镁含量的方法。该方法的检出限量：钙为０－３μｇ／ｇ,镁为０－０２ μｇ／ｇ;平均加标回收率：钙为９９－１％ ,镁为９９－７ ％ ;相对标准偏差：钙为０－６６％ ,镁为０－５２％ 。本方法已用于芦荟鲜叶及芦荟制品中钙、镁含量的测定,结果令人满意。     

聚合酶链式反应变性及退火温度与产物假阴性之间的关系

目的探讨聚合酶链式反应(PCR)变性及退火温度与产物假阴性之间的关系。方法以含有HBV完整基因组的重组质粒pUC-19为模板进行PCR扩增,人为改变PCR循环的变性或退火温度,探讨其与产物假阴性之间的关系。结果随着变性温度的降低和退火温度的升高,PCR扩增效率降低,产物量明显减少。当变性温度降低至85℃及85℃以下,退火温度升高至72℃时,琼脂糖凝胶电泳肉眼观察不到扩增产物。结论过低的变性温度和过高的退火温度会导致PCR产物出现假阴性。