玻璃纤维增强光固化树脂基复合材料吸湿性能的研究

本文以光固化丙烯酸类树脂为基体,以玻璃纤维为增强体,制备了三维编织纤维增强光固化树脂基复合材料(G3D/EEPE),并对其吸湿性能进行了研究,分别讨论了纤维体积分数、温度及吸湿介质对材料吸湿性能的影响,并考察了吸湿对材料力学性能的影响.     

玻璃纤维-铝合金层合板湿热老化性能研究

通过研究玻璃纤维-铝合金层板在70℃、RH85%湿热环境下不同老化周期后的力学性能、基体红外光谱、铝合金表面形貌及元素变化,分析了层板的湿热老化机理。结果表明:在加速湿热老化条件下,复合材料层内部基体会发生吸湿塑化,并破坏树脂与纤维以及铝合金层的界面,影响了材料内部应力的传递,使与界面及桥接应力相关的性能发生明显退化;表层铝合金层随湿热老化时间的延长,表面氧化加剧,使铝合金塑性降低,主要影响依靠铝合金承载的力学性能。     

纳米SiO_2和PP-g-MAH对玻纤增强PP复合材料性能的影响

纤维和树脂之间的界面结合强度是决定复合材料性能的关键因素。通过实验研究在玻璃纤维表面涂覆经硅烷偶联剂KH550表面处理的纳米SiO_2以及在PP基体中加入PP-g-MAH对玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的界面结合强度和力学性能的影响。结果表明,纳米SiO_2经KH550表面处理后可以降低其表面能,有利于其在纤维表面分散吸附;纤维表面涂覆纳米SiO_2及在PP中加入PP-g-MAH,有利于增强纤维和树脂之间的界面结合强度,复合材料的层间剪切强度提升了116.06%,拉伸强度提升了109.14%,弯曲强度提升了99.85%。     

T800碳纤维复合材料界面吸湿性能分析

本文研究了不同类型的树脂基体对T800碳纤维复合材料界面性能的影响,对比不同树脂体系的T800碳纤维复合材料于95℃蒸馏水中的吸湿特性,分析复合材料经吸湿后的动态热机械性能的变化。结果表明,以改性芳香胺为固化体系的树脂基体制备的T800碳纤维复合材料具有优良的界面性能。TDE85树脂/改性芳香胺体系的T800碳纤维复合材料干态层间剪切强度达到122MPa。95℃蒸馏水浸泡后,该复合材料的平衡吸湿率低于普通芳香胺固化体系,且玻璃化转变活化能变化幅度也较小。     

盐雾环境对玻璃纤维-铝合金层合板力学性能的影响

通过研究玻璃纤维-铝合金层合板在盐雾环境下不同老化周期后的力学性能及复合材料层红外光谱,分析了层合板在盐雾老化条件下的性能变化。在加速盐雾老化条件下,树脂基体发生了降解,树脂-纤维界面及表面铝合金发生腐蚀破坏,随老化时间的延长,0°及90°层合板的拉伸、压缩及面内剪切强度均呈现出明显的下降趋势,90°层合板内部受到的损伤更为严重,盐雾环境会降低层合板内热固性树脂基体的交联程度,并破坏树脂-纤维及树脂-铝合金的界面,影响应力在玻璃纤维-铝合金层合板层间的传递,使材料力学性能发生衰减。     

CF/纳米SiO_2改性树脂复合材料界面性能研究

本文以纳米SiO2改性树脂作为树脂基体,以连续碳纤维作为增强体制备复合材料,研究了纳米SiO2掺入树脂中百分含量对树脂基体与增强体之间的界面性能的影响。通过对树脂基体与增强体纤维浸润性、微脱粘、层间剪切强度和扫描电子显微镜,对复合材料界面性能测试和表征。结果表明,随着纳米SiO2含量的增加,常温下,基体树脂和增强体纤维浸润性能下降,单丝纤维与树脂微球的界面剪切强度和复合材料单向板层间剪切强度在某一含量范围均有所提高。     

改性热固性丁苯树脂复合材料的人造海水腐蚀老化行为

本文对改性热固性丁苯树脂(GPSB)复合材料进行了人造海水加速老化试验。研究了GPSB复合材料在人造海水中的吸湿特性和吸湿机理。采用红外光谱分析了材料树脂基体中的化学结构变化。采用电子万能试验机和动态机械分析仪考察了试验前后GPSB复合材料的静态和动态力学性能变化。结果表明,经人造海水老化50天,材料的弯曲强度和层间剪切强度的保留率分别为66.6%和55.3%,储能模量降低。电学性能研究表明,老化试验后,材料的介电性能得到保持。采用扫描电子显微镜观察了人造海水腐蚀前后复合材料界面形貌,发现GPSB复合材料的人造海水腐蚀老化主要发生在树脂和玻璃纤维的界面。     

乙烯基树脂型浸润剂对玄武岩纤维和玻璃纤维复合材料的影响

介绍了两类乙烯基树脂型成膜剂乳液、水溶性抗静电剂的合成以及对应两类乙烯基树脂型玄武岩纤维和玻璃纤维浸润剂的配制,对玄武岩纤维原丝、无捻粗纱和玻璃纤维无捻粗纱的可燃物含量及拉伸强度等性能进行了检测评估。分别使用环氧树脂和乙烯基树脂拉制玄武岩纤维复合筋并测试复合筋的力学性能,利用环氧树脂和乙烯基树脂基体,研究环氧树脂型浸润剂和乙烯基树脂型浸润剂对玻璃纤维浸胶纱力学性能的影响。试验结果表明浸润剂改变玄武岩纤维和玻璃纤维与树脂基体的相容浸润性,从而提高树脂纤维复合材料的力学性能高达40%。     

玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的研究进展

综述了长、短玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯（GFRPP）复合材料的研究进展，总结出纤维含量、纤维长度及分布、纤维取向及分布、纤维与基体界面结合和改性等均为影响GFRPP性能的因素。在复合材料中，长度大于临界长度的玻璃纤维对材料的强度才有作用；增强玻璃纤维与聚丙烯的界面结合也是提高增强效果的有效手段。     

基体树脂对长玻璃纤维增强PP力学性能的影响

采用在线混合设备制备了长玻璃纤维(LGF)增强聚丙烯(PP)复合材料(LGF-PP),研究了基体性质及界面相容剂对LGF-PP力学性能的影响。基体树脂熔体流动速率的增加,使最终LGF-PP中的玻璃纤维长度从5.63 mm增至8.56 mm,提高了力学性能。与均聚PP比较,以共聚PP为基体树脂的LGF-PP冲击强度高出约10%,但其他性能略差。界面相容剂有利于增强玻璃纤维与PP的界面结合,拉伸强度和拉伸模量明显增加,但是冲击强度降低了20%～30%。     

Effect of imbibed moisture on monotonic and low-velocity impact behavior of injection over-molded short/continuous fiber reinforced polypropylene composites

Design of automotive components with over-molded short/continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites necessitates understanding of their behavior under extreme outdoor conditions. The short, quasi-isotropic and over-molded short/continuous glass fiber reinforced polypropylene (PP) composite specimens were prepared as per standard and immersed in water until equilibration to study their relative moisture absorption characteristics and consequent mechanical behavior. As the absorbed moisture mostly occupied the interface between fiber and matrix in laminated composite inserts and moisture absorption of short fiber composite core is insignificant, the moisture absorption of over-molded composites is just above 50% of that of laminated composites. The flexural, interlaminar shear and impact behavior of equilibrated composites is primarily governed by the quantum of imbibed moisture of composite materials. Optical analysis of failed moisture equilibrated over-molded specimens showed a marginal delamination between plies of the inserts without any perceptible damage within the short fiber composite similar to dry as molded specimens.     

Mechanical properties of carbon fiber/vinylester composites exposed to marine environments

The effects of seawater exposure on the mechanical properties of unidirectional T700 carbon fiber/vinylester (510A) composites have been examined. Carbon fibers with two different types of sizings (F and G) were studied. Dynamic mechanical analysis testing of the neat resin and a carbon/vinylester composite revealed similar viscoelastic responses and glass transition temperatures indicating same type of cured resin for both cases. An analysis of moisture absorption dynamics of the composites revealed Fickian behavior. The composites absorbed more moisture than the resin. The moisture up‐take in the composites is dominated by the fiber/matrix region. A comprehensive mechanical test program involving tension, compression, and shear tests was conducted on the composites at dry and saturated conditions. Composites with F‐sized carbon fibers displayed overall higher strengths than those with G‐sized fibers at both dry and moisture‐saturated conditions. Moisture absorption was found to have a moderate influence on most composite strengths, except for the in‐plane and interlaminar shear strengths, where reductions in the range of 10–16% occurred. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:1559–1569, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Einfluß der Faserbehandlung auf das Feuchteverhalten von glasfaserverstärkten Epoxidharzen

The strength of glass fiber reinforced epoxy resins can be significantly reduced under exposure to moisture. Besides other factors, the interface between fiber and matrix plays an important role. It is responsible for a proper load transfer between fibers and matrix by coupling effects and significantly affects the moisture behavior of the composite. In the present study, glass fibers were treated with different sizes under defined conditions and embedded in three epoxy matrix systems. The composites were exposed to different moisture conditions. The change of the shear and impact behavior due to moisture was determined. It will be shown that the composites with coupling agent treated fibers are significantly more resistant to moisture than composites with poor fiber/matrix adhesion. Furthermore, it will be shown that also the binder plays an important role if the material is subjected to moisture.     

The moisture and temperature effect on mechanical performance of flax/starch composites in quasi‐static tension

The effect of temperature and moisture on mechanical behavior of flax fiber/starch based composites was investigated experimentally. Elastic modulus, the nonlinear tensile loading curves, and failure strain were analyzed. Neat matrix and composites with 20 and 40% weight content of fibers were tested. It was found, performing tests with different amplitudes, that microdamage development with stress is rather limited and the related elastic modulus reduction in this type of composites is not significant. It was shown that the composite elastic modulus and failure stress are linearly related to the maximum tensile stress in resin. The sensitivity of the maximum stress of the resin with respect to temperature and moisture is the source of composites sensitivity to these parameters. Constant interface stress shear lag model for stress transfer assuming matrix yielding at the fiber/matrix interface has been successfully used to explain the tensile test data. It indicates that the sensitivity of the used composite with respect to the matrix properties change could be significantly reduced by increasing the average fiber length from 0.9 mm to 1.5 mm. POLYM. COMPOS., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers     

玻璃纤维对PTFE/SiO2复合基板材料性能的影响

采用表面改性、物料混合、压延成型、高温真空热压烧结工艺,得到了不同含量玻璃纤维(GF)增强聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)/二氧化硅(SiO2)复合基板材料,考察分析了GF含量对复合材料微观形貌、密度、吸水率、拉伸性能、压缩性能以及微波介电性能的影响情况。结果表明,随着GF含量的增加,PTFE/SiO2复合材料的密度逐渐减小,吸水率和损耗因子逐渐增大,拉伸模量、压缩模量和相对介电常数呈现出先增大后减小的趋势。当PTFE/SiO2复合材料中加入2%的GF时,复合材料具有良好的综合性能,密度为2.085 g/cm3,吸水率为0.094%,拉伸模量为1351 MPa,压缩模量为1643 MPa,相对介电常数为2.93,损耗因子为1.04×10–3。     

Shear properties and load–deflection response of cross–ply glass–epoxy composite short–beams subjected to three‐point‐bending tests,and the effect of moisture absorption

The extensive use of composites in aerospace, chemical, marine, and structural applications leads to exposure to humidity and water immersion. Hence, there is a need to study the effect of moisture absorption on the mechanical properties of composite materials, especially the matrix dominated properties, such as the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS). The horizontal shear test with a short‐beam specimen in three‐point‐bending is used as a general method of evaluation for the shear properties in fiber‐reinforced composites because of its simplicity. In this work, the ILSS of cross‐ply glass‐epoxy resin composites is determined in seven different fiber directions with short‐beam three‐point‐bending tests, before and after moisture conditioning. It is found that moisture absorption reduces ILSS and stiffness of the examined composites whereas it leads to larger failure deflections. It is also found that the direction of fibers strongly affects the load–deflection response and the ILSS of the dry and conditioned specimens. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

玻璃纤维毡增强聚丙烯复合材料的湿热稳定性

本文研究了在湿热环境中的吸湿行为、水对玻璃纤维毡增强聚丙烯复合材料界面的破坏作用及沸水浸泡对其力学性能的影响。     

Influence of different glass fiber sizings on selected mechanical properties of PET/glass composites

The properties of fiber-reinforced plastics are considerably influenced by fiber-matrix interaction. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of glass fiber surface treatments on the morphology of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and on selected mechanical properties of unidirectional PET/glass fiber composites. The materials used here were E-glass fibers treated with model sizings including aminosilane as a coupling agent and polyurethane and epoxy resin dispersions as film formers and PET as the matrix. For identification of the degree of crystallinity of the PET matrix, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used. To study the influence of the different sizings on the mechanical properties, the following tests were performed: interlaminar and intralaminar shear tests and a transverse tensile test. Dynamic-mechanical analysis (DMA) was used to characterize the behavior of the composites under dynamical load. The DSC results show that the overall crystallinity and the melting behavior of the PET matrix were hardly influenced by the glass fiber surface treatments used. The various strength properties of the composites are influenced not only by the silane coupling agent, but also by the type of film former. With an epoxy resin dispersion, the mechanical properties were enhanced compared with a polyurethane dispersion. These results were confirmed by characterization of the composites by DMA.     

Improvement of functional properties of jute‐based composite by acrylonitrile pretreatment

Cyanoethylation of jute fiber in the form of nonwoven fabric was successfully achieved using an acrylonitrile monomer which is said to react with the hydroxyl groups of fiber constituents. The degrees of cyanoethylation to different extents were undertaken by varying the reaction time. An IR study showed that extent of cyanoethylation increases with increase of the reaction time. Cyanoethylated fibers thus obtained were further treated with unsaturated polyester resin to obtain modified fiber composites. These composites have been found to be tolerant against cold and boiling water where water absorption and thickness swelling are much reduced compared to those of unmodified fiber composite. It is also observed that the moisture content of the modified fiber composites is remarkably reduced. Cyclic tests reveal that use of cyanoethylated fiber leads to improvement of the dimensional stability of the fiber composites. The mechanical properties of the modified fiber composites improved remarkably due to better bonding at the fiber–matrix interface and this effect is more pronounced with a higher degree of cyanoethylation. A scanning electron micrograph of the fractured surfaces of cyanoethylated jute composite showed excellent retention of resin on broken fiber ends, whereas the unmodified composite showed uncoated fibers and holes in the matrix. DSC data demonstrated that the moisture content of the composites reduces with increase of the cyanoethylation. Both TG and DSC thermograms showed an additional peak due to decomposition of cyanoethyl group which is shifted to a higher value with the extent of cyanoethylation. However, the cellulose degradation temperature remained almost the same. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 78: 495–506, 2000