虾过敏及虾过敏原

综述了虾过敏及虾过敏原,涉及过敏原的理化性质、生物活性、免疫学性质的研究,并对现存的问题做了简要介绍。      

海虾过敏原的研究进展

综述引起海虾过敏的机理及其症状,阐述海虾过敏原种类、生物化学性质、检测方法以及过敏原活性降低的方法,为低过敏性海虾食品的深加工提供参考.     

虾过敏C57／BL6小鼠动物模型的建立

目的：建立C57／BL6小鼠虾过敏动物模型及其腹腔肥大细胞过敏模型。方法：运用虾蛋白粗提液免疫致敏C57／BL6小鼠,采用Western Blot鉴定致敏小鼠血清中特异性lgE和lgG1抗体;收集小鼠腹腔致敏肥大细胞（PMC）,运用虾不同的过敏原组分诱导PMC体外定向释放组胺,HPLC和荧光酶标仪法检测组胺释放水平。结果：Western Blot结果显示致敏小鼠血清IgE和IgGl与相对分子量为36ku的原肌球蛋白反应率分别为57．1％和74．1％,与80ku过敏原的反应率均为42．9％,与21ku过敏原的反应率分别为42．9％和28．6％。HPLC和荧光酶标仪法检测PMC定向释放组胺的结果无显著差异,36ku的原肌球蛋白定向诱导组胺的释放率最高,分别为18．52％和21．59％,80ku和21ku蛋白次之,表明36ku的原肌球蛋白是C57／BL6小鼠的主要虾过敏原,21ku和80ku蛋白是次要过敏原,这与人类虾过敏的状况相一致。结论：C57／BL6小鼠是一种有效的虾过敏动物模型,其腹腔肥大细胞是一种可行的检测和评价食物过敏原的细胞模型。     

虾过敏原蛋白纯化中硫酸铵沉淀法的改进

目的优化虾过敏原蛋白纯化的硫酸铵沉淀工艺,提高纯化效果。方法测定不同饱和度硫酸铵溶液的体积和pH,将过敏原蛋白粉末加入固定饱和度和pH的硫酸铵溶液中沉淀,并用SDS—PAGE方法检测不同硫酸铵浓度下蛋白质组分的变化。结果PH7．5的30％饱和度硫酸铵溶液可有效地分离虾过敏原蛋白,进一步柱层析得到只有一条电泳带的样品。结论通过改进硫酸铵沉淀工艺,可提高虾过敏原蛋白的纯化效果。     

虾过敏原蛋白纯化中硫酸铵沉淀法的改进

目的优化虾过敏原蛋白纯化的硫酸铵沉淀工艺,提高纯化效果。方法测定不同饱和度硫酸铵溶液的体积和pH,将过敏原蛋白粉末加入固定饱和度和pH的硫酸铵溶液中沉淀,并用SDS-PAGE方法检测不同硫酸铵浓度下蛋白质组分的变化。结果PH7.5的30%饱和度硫酸铵溶液可有效地分离虾过敏原蛋白,进一步柱层析得到只有一条电泳带的样品。结论通过改进硫酸铵沉淀工艺,可提高虾过敏原蛋白的纯化效果。     

低过敏大米研究进展

本文介绍了大米中的过敏原成分以及低过敏大米的研究进展。     

食物过敏与食物过敏原

该文综述食物过敏与食物过敏原研究现状,涉及植物性食物、动物性食物及转基因食物中过敏原研 究,并介绍过敏原在食品加工处理的稳定性研究,过敏原检测方法,食物过敏控制等几个方面研究进展。     

乳品安全中的牛乳过敏

牛乳过敏是婴幼儿中一种常见的食物过敏,严重危害婴幼儿健康。对牛乳过敏的机理、牛乳中的过敏原成分、牛乳过敏原的检测、加工对牛乳过敏原的影响作了详细的介绍。     

食品过敏法规及检测技术浅析

随着社会经济的持续发展,如今食物过敏已经成为一种全球性安全问题,如何应对食品安全已经成为当前研究重点。据此,本文基于国内外食品过敏原标识法规现状,从聚合酶链式反应检测技术、免疫学检测技术、色谱和质谱检测分析技术3个角度对当前食品过敏检测中较为常用的食品过敏检测技术进行分析阐述,旨在为后续食品过敏防控工作提供参考。     

小麦过敏原抗原抑制技术研究进展

食物过敏是全球范围内被广泛关注的食品安全问题之一。小麦是世界上生产和消费最广泛的食物之一,同时也是公认的八大过敏性食品之一,食用小麦会诱发多种过敏症状。麦醇溶蛋白和麦谷蛋白是小麦中主要过敏原,在它们链结构中,重复的氨基酸序列区域存在大量抗原表位,摄入或接触均可能会诱发过敏反应。对小麦中的主要过敏原、过敏病症和现阶段过敏原的检测方法以及抑制过敏原抗原性的方法进行了综述。为低敏性小麦制品的开发提供参考。     

从过敏原危害评估食物过敏风险

随着全球食物过敏发生率的逐年升高,食物过敏性疾病已成为人们日益关注的食品安全和公共卫生问题.本文介绍了食物过敏原特性、致敏机制、临床表现、常见致敏食物及主要暴露来源等内容,概括了食物过敏原闽值及参考剂量的制定方法和最新调整情况,并总结了目前国际上公认的几种食物过敏原的风险评估方法,以期对下一步开展我国人群食物过敏风险评...     

中国对虾肉中与虾过敏患者血清特异性IgE结合的组分分析

分析与血清特异性IgE结合的虾肉中的蛋白成分。方法 常规制备虾肉蛋白提取液,用SDS-PAGE技术分析提取液中的蛋白组分,以虾过敏患者血清(sIgE)作为探针,经免疫印记技术分析、鉴定与患者特异性IgE结合的蛋白成分。结果 虾肉蛋白提取液显示12种可辨认蛋白条带,其中65、50和36kD相对含量较高;不同过敏患者血清中与蛋白结合的强度和所识别的蛋白组分存在一定差别,但所识别的蛋白主要集中在分子量＞70kD的区域。结论 与阳性血清的反应强度与蛋白相对含量无关,提取有效组分有望提高血清特异性IgE检测的敏感度。     

花生过敏及其主要致敏原Ara h1的研究进展

花生是一种具有致敏作用的重要食品,能够引起严重的过敏反应。花生的致敏性研究是食物安全研究领域的一个重要课题。本文主要论述了近年来花生致敏现状及花生主要致敏原Ara h1研究进展,包括花生致敏特点、脱敏方法等方面的内容。对降低花生引起的过敏反应风险具有一定意义,同时为对花生过敏者的临床脱敏治疗提供理论依据。     

牛乳蛋白过敏儿童中主要过敏原的研究

目的:研究儿童牛乳蛋白过敏中主要过敏原的种类和含量.方法:采用间接酶联免疫吸附法测定儿童血清中的Ig水平.结果:血清中抗ás-CN、BSA和a-LG的特异性IgG水平与CMPA有关.特异性IgG4检测结果显示,a-Lg和BSA为主要过敏原.特异性IgE的多元线性回归结果为ás-CN、CN、a-Lg都对CMPA有显著性贡献,ás-CN的标准回归系数最大(B=-0.589),a-Lg的最小(B=-0.271).结论:a-乳球蛋白(a-LG)、ás-酪蛋白(ás-CN)、和牛血清白蛋白(BSA)可能为黑龙江省牛乳蛋白过敏儿童的主要过敏原.     

食物过敏原介导食物过敏机制研究进展

目前食物过敏已成为严重危害成人、儿童健康的公共卫生问题且发病率呈逐年上升的趋势。食物过敏可引起严重的不良反应甚至导致死亡, 但目前针对食物过敏尚无有效的治疗方法, 只能通过食物规避或针对食物过敏症状进行相应的治疗。由于复杂的环境和遗传因素, 食物过敏的致病机制尚不清晰。本文就近年来食物过敏致病机制研究的进展进行综述。     

Production and characterization of an allergen panel for component-resolved diagnosis of celery allergy

In celery a relevant food allergen source, three allergens have been identified so far: Api g 1 and Api g 4, and one glycosylated protein, Api g 5. For component-resolved food allergy diagnosis high amounts of well-defined allergens are needed. Depending on the individual celery allergen, protocols for heterologous production and purification from natural source, respectively, were established to obtain homogenous protein batches. Afterwards the purified recombinant allergens, Api g 1, Api g 4 and natural Api g 5 were characterized regarding their structural integrity and immunological activity. Therefore, several methods were applied. Proteins were identified by partial N-terminal sequencing, protein mass was verified by MS and sequence integrity by MALDI-TOF and N-terminal sequencing after tryptic digestion. Presence of isoforms in natural allergen preparations was identified by 2-DE. Secondary and tertiary structures were evaluated by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and NMR analysis. Finally, IgE binding capacity was verified using selected sera from celery allergic patients in IgE immunoblots and IgE ELISA. These well-defined celery allergens will be used to prove the concept of component-resolved diagnosis and will contribute to improve food allergy diagnosis in the future.     

Effect of the structure and potential allergenicity of glycated tropomyosin,the shrimp allergen

The aim is to elucidate whether the structural changes of shrimp tropomyosin (TM) following ribose treatment affected its potential allergenicity. The structural changes of glycated TM were analysed by fluorescence, ultraviolet spectrum (UV), circular dichroism (CD) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and the changes in allergenicity were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and RBL-2H3 cell model. The result indicated that ribose could cause the conformational structural changes of TM. Moreover, the phenylalanine, isoleucine and DL-methionine residues were altered by ribose by LC-MS/MS analysis. These modified amino acids also appeared in the shrimp allergic epitopes region. Furthermore, the glycated TM (4000 mmol L⁻¹ ribose) could significantly decrease the IgE-binding capacity and inhibit the release of cytokines and mediators from RBL-2H3 cells. These findings suggest that ribose-induced glycation could damage the allergic epitope of TM, decreasing the potential allergenicity and could be considered for alleviating TM-induced food allergy.     

Rapid on-site detection of shrimp allergen tropomyosin using a novel ultrafast PCR system

Food Science and Biotechnology - Shrimp is seafood that can commonly trigger allergic reactions. In this study, the ultrafast real-time PCR assay with portable device was developed to detect a...     

过敏症豚鼠模型的建立及海虾主要过敏原组分的纯化与鉴定

旨在建立海虾过敏症豚鼠模型,分析主要过敏原蛋白质组分并将其应用ELISA来提高体外检测的准确性。以海虾蛋白浸液为致敏原,氢氧化铝为佐剂免疫豚鼠,建立豚鼠过敏模型,DEAE阴离子交换纯化主要的过敏原成分,间接ELISA法检测sIgE和IgG。实验结果:模型组血清sIgE和IgG效价分别为18∶0和12∶0480;DEAE阴离子交换层析成功纯化出了海虾中的主要过敏原成分,应用于ELISA检测sIgE效价为13∶20;主要过敏原蛋白检测sIgE效价是蛋白浸液用于检测的4倍。结果表明,海虾过敏症豚鼠模型建立成功,并且纯化的海虾过敏原组分应用于ELISA检测能提高sIgE的检测水平,对海虾过敏症的体外诊断和治疗有一定的意义。     

Identification of hemocyanin as a novel non-cross-reactive allergen from the giant freshwater shrimp Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Scope : Sensitization to giant freshwater shrimp Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Mr) was recently reported. However, the allergens have yet to be identified. This study aimed to identify and characterize a novel allergen of Mr shrimp. Methods and results: Extracted proteins were separated and purified by anion and in some experiments, size‐exclusion chromatography. Serum IgE from shrimp allergic donors identified a candidate protein, which was characterized by LC‐MS/MS. The specificity of IgE binding was tested using immunoblotting and inhibition ELISA. The IgE‐binding profiles from 12 of 13 Mr allergic subjects that were pre‐incubated with an extract of Penaeus monodon showed residual binding to ～60–80 kDa proteins. The 60–80 kDa IgE‐bound proteins were fractionated in the flow‐through of anion chromatography showing a high IgE reactivity. Peptides identified by LC‐MS/MS showed the proteins closely match subunits of hemocyanin (Hcs). Purified Hcs from hemolymph markedly inhibited binding of IgE from sera of Mr allergic subjects to solid‐phased Mr proteins in inhibition ELISA. Conclusion: Hcs were identified as heat‐stable, non‐cross‐reactive, high‐molecular‐weight (MW) allergens from Mr shrimp. Since circulatory organs are not always removed during food preparation, high concentrations of Hcs may be present along with shrimp meat, which contains the known cross‐reactive tropomyosin protein.