Postdetection phase combining diversity for reception of faded DPSK signals

A new postdetection diversity scheme for the differential phase detection of faded DPSK signals is proposed. It combines the detector outputs in proportion to the squared value of each branch signal envelope. The average BER of pi /4-shift quaternary differential phase shift keying (QDPSK) with two-branch diversity is obtained through computer simulations assuming Rayleigh fading. It is found that the proposed diversity is superior to selection diversity by approximately 1.5 dB.<>     

Multicarrier 16QAM transmission with diversity reception

A 96 multicarrier 16QAM transmitter and a diversity receiver for 3.072 Mbit/s data transmission are described. Pilot symbol aided (PSA) coherent detection is applied. A laboratory experiment demonstrates that an irreducible bit error rate (BER) of 10^-3 can be achieved at the RMS delay spread τ_rms=6.3 μs under frequency selective Rayleigh fading when two branch maximal ratio combining (MRC) diversity is used     

Multiple symbol differential detection with diversity reception

In this letter we first consider the maximum-likelihood sequence estimator for multiple symbol differential detection (MSDD) over the slow fading diversity channel. Since this optimum decision metric results in a complex receiver implementation whose average bit-error probability (BEP) performance is difficult (if not impossible) to obtain analytically, we then focus our attention on evaluating the average BEP for MSDD with diversity reception in the form of postdetection equal-gain combining (EGC) giving emphasis to its ability to bridge the gap between EGC of conventional differentially detected M-PSK and maximal-ratio combining of coherently detected M-PSK with differential encoding     

一种采用光学相位分集接收技术的相干光正交频分复用远端接入系统

提出了一种采用基于光学相位分集接收技术实现远程相干光正交频分复用(CO-OFDM)信号的远程光接入方案,并进行了理论研究和仿真验证。在本方案中,没有使用色散补偿光纤(DCF)或者色散补偿模块(DCM)补偿光纤信道色散导致的负面效应,原因是CO-OFDM信号能有效抵抗传输过程中色度色散(CD)和偏振模色散(PMD)引起的负面效应。仿真结果表明,10Gbit/s CO-OOFDM信号在标准单模光纤(SMF-28)传输320km后,采用相位估计技术得到的OFDM电信号,其时域波形的相位抖动幅度更小;与采用光载波自提取技术接收相位调制COOFDM的方案进行比较,测试误差向量幅度(EVM)的结果表明,本文方案可以获得更好的COOFDM信号接收性能,星座图中星座点收敛更加紧凑,接收的CO-OFDM信号质量更高。     

Bandwidth efficient constant-envelope digital signalling with phase-tree demodulation

A method is given for analysing constant-envelope signalling schemes with partial-response baseband pulses. We consider coherent phase-tree demodulation for the Gaussian channel. The results show that very good spectral properties can be obtained for systems with error probabilities equal to or better than for binary phase-shift keying.     

On diversity reception over fading channels with impulsive noise

In this paper, we analyze the performance of different diversity combining techniques over fading channels with impulsive noise. We use Middleton's Class A model for the noise distribution and adopt two noise models, which assume dependent and independent noise components on each branch. We systematically analyze the performance of maximum ratio combing (MRC), equal gain combining (EGC), selection combining (SC), and post-detection combining (PDC) under these impulsive noise models, and derive insightful lower and upper bounds. We show that even under impulsive noise, the diversity order is retained for each combining scheme. However, we also show that under both models, there is a fundamental tradeoff between diversity gain and coding gain. Under the independent noise model, PDC is shown to combat impulsive noise more effectively than MRC, EGC, and SC. Our simulation results also corroborate our analysis.     

Bandwidth efficient single carrier systems with frequency domain equalisation

A new bandwidth efficient single carrier system with frequency domain equalisation is proposed. Turbo equalisation and cyclic prefix reconstruction are combined together to eliminate the normally required cyclic prefix for such a system. The proposed method achieves much better performance than the residual inter-symbol interference cancellation approach by utilising soft decoded information and introducing turbo equalisation. The performance of the proposed scheme is studied through simulations.     

High-performance, two-channel optical FSK heterodyne system with polarisation diversity receiver

A two-channel FSK heterodyne system with 54 dB loss span and microprocessor-controlled channel selection is presented. The sensitivity of the polarisation-diversity receiver is investigated for both fixed and changing signal polarisations.<>     

Analysis of M-ary phase-shift keying with diversity reception forland-mobile satellite channels

An analytical technique well suited to numerical analysis is presented for computing the average bit-error rate (BER) and outage probability of M-ary phase-shift keying (PSK) in the land-mobile satellite channel (LMSC) with microdiversity reception. Closed-form expressions are found for L-branch microdiversity using both selection diversity combining (SDC) and maximal ratio combining (MRC). These expressions are extended to include both M-ary coherent PSK (M-PSK) and differential PSK [M-differential PSK (DPSK)]. Following previous empirical studies, the LMSC is modeled as a weighted sum of Rice and Suzuki distributions. Numerical results are provided illustrating the achievable performance of both M-PSK and M-DPSK with diversity reception. Using measured channel parameters, the performance in various mobile environments for various satellite elevation angles is also found     

BER performance of OFDM-MDPSK system in frequency-selective Ricianfading with diversity reception

A closed form formula is derived for the bit error rate (BER) of orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing (OFDM) with M-ary differential-phase-shift-keying (MDPSK) systems in frequency-selective Rayleigh and Rician fading channels with diversity reception. New BER curves are obtained as a function of the rms delay spread of the diffused component for three different types of delay profiles: (1) one-sided exponential, (2) uniform and (3) double spike profiles. Both slow and fast fading conditions are considered. It is shown that the existence of a strong line-of-sight (LOS) component and the use of reception diversity can effectively improve transmission performance     

Unified analysis of MPSK and MDPSK with diversity reception indifferent fading environments

Computationally efficient expressions are presented for evaluating the symbol-error rates of coherent and differentially coherent M-ary phase-shift-keying signalling in conjunction with maximal-ratio combining diversity receivers in fading scenarios     

Impact of channel-state information on coded transmission overfading channels with diversity reception

We study the synergy between coded modulation and antenna-diversity reception on channels affected by slow Rician fading. Specifically, we assess the impact of channel-state information (CSI) on error probability. We show that with a good coding and constant envelope modulations (for example, phase-shift keying) scheme the loss in performance when CSI is not available is moderate (around 1.5 dB). Moreover, as the diversity order grows, the channel tends to become Gaussian     

Performance of DS-UWB multiple-access systems with diversity reception in dense multipath environments

Ultrawideband (UWB) technology is characterized by transmitting extremely short duration radio impulses. To improve its multiple-access capability, the UWB technology can be combined with traditional spread-spectrum techniques. This paper demonstrates the influence of spatial and temporal diversities on the performance of direct-sequence (DS) UWB multiple-access systems in dense multipath environments. Numerical results show that the bit error rate performance of the DS-UWB system can be improved significantly by increasing the number of antenna array elements and/or by adding more multipaths coherently at the receiver. Furthermore, this paper studies the impact of array geometry on system performance and shows that a rectangular array can capture more energy and thus can offer better performance than a uniform linear array.     

Quantum-limited operation of balanced mixer homodyne and heterodyne receivers

The quantum-limited operation of balanced mixer optical homodyne and heterodyne receiver using a 50-50 percent beam splitter and two identical photodetectors is experimentally confirmed. The absolute quantum noise levels are calibrated with an incoherent GaAs light-emitting diode output. The photoelectron statistics, obtained through the analog photon counting experiment, are reduced to the quantum limit. The photocurrent fluctuation spectral density measured with a spectrum analyzer also agrees with the quantum noise spectral density. Furthermore, the deviations from the absolute quantum noise level are within ±0.02 dB. Finally, complete suppression of local oscillator excess noise is demonstrated in the 0-1.5 GHz frequency region.     

双频外差结合相位编码的相位解包裹方法

为了使用高频条纹进行一次外差完成相位解包裹,实现高精度测量,提出了双频外差结合相位编码的相位解包裹方法。首先,用两组正弦条纹获得两个包裹相位,进行外差处理得到外差相位;其次,相位编码条纹得到条纹级次后对外差相位展开;最后,由连续的外差相位对两个包裹相位进行展开,用最高频率的连续相位求得物体的相位信息。实验结果表明:RMS误差为0.038 mm。双频外差合成的周期不需要覆盖整个视场,打破了传统双频外差方法对频率选择的限制,可以用更高频率的条纹进行高精度测量。克服了相位主值误差对使用更高频率条纹进行高精度测量的局限性。     

Distributed detection for diversity reception of fading signals innoise

A multiple-antenna diversity scheme is investigated for digital communications. Antenna observations are immediately quantized and sent to a fusion center. At the fusion center, the quantized observations are combined to form a final decision on which symbol was transmitted. The optimum reception scheme is described for the case where frequency-shift keying is employed and where slow Rayleigh fading and Gaussian additive noise are present. Two cases are studied. In the first case, an accurate estimate of the signal-to-noise ratio is available at each receiver. In the second case, estimates are not available. Results indicate that two- or three-bit quantizations may be most appropriate. Further, if binary decisions are made at each antenna, the performance may not improve if an estimate of the signal-to-noise ratio is available at each antenna or if two antennas are used instead of one     

Probability of error for optical heterodyne DPSK system with quantum phase noise

An expression is derived for the probability of error in an optical heterodyne DPSK system, subject to shot noise and quantum phase noise of the optical sources. Results are given for the maximum linewidth of the transmit and local optical sources to satisfy a given degradation in optical receiver sensitivity.     

Bit error probabilities MDPSK over the nonselective Rayleigh fadingchannel with diversity reception

Data transmission using M-ary differential phase shift keying (MDPSK) over the nonselective Rayleigh fading channel with diversity reception is considered. While previous studies on error probability mostly assume no fading fluctuation, the author considers, exclusively, the case in which the fading process fluctuates from one symbol interval to the next. Exact bit error probability results for 2, 4, and 8 DPSK as well as tight upper bounds are derived. Some applications of the results are discussed     

Study of the diversity reception in a forested environment

The feasibility of using spatial diversity within a foliage environment is examined in this letter. It is found that the presence of lateral waves in the forested environment is the main reason for the highly dependent multi-propagation paths. These highly dependent multipaths produce a high spatial correlation between diverse receptors when used in a forested environment. The mutual coupling effects between the receptors are analyzed through the study of the antennas? mutual impedance and angular pattern of the receiving array. It is founded that, in the forested environment where there is a large angular spread of multipaths, when spatial diversity is used, the coupling induced change in the antenna pattern becomes a dominant factor. This lowers the correlation property between the multiple receptors.     

Performance of multiuser diversity reception in Rayleigh fadingCDMA channels

Error probability of an adaptive multiuser diversity receiver is evaluated in terms of channel fading rate and the number of code-division multiple access users. Fading-induced performance loss, which leads to the error probability floor, is established for the proposed coherent combining scheme and compared to that of the differentially coherent receiver with equal-gain combining