低浓度醋酸水溶液的回收

通过三脂肪胺－煤油－正癸醇体系萃取低浓醋酸水溶液的实验，比较了萃取剂三种成分的不同酸比以及温度对分配系数的影响，确定了萃取操作的最佳萃取剂配比及适宜操作温度。通过静态混合器对萃取过程的强化及减压精馏回收萃取剂实验，验证了三脂肪胺－煤油－正癸醇体系萃取低浓醋酸的工业可行性。     

1，4—双（1‘—苯基—3’—甲基—5‘—氧代吡唑—4’—基）丁二酮—[1，4]与二安替吡啉甲烷协同萃取Ln（lll）的性能和机理

在硝酸介质中研究了1，4－双（1‘－苯基－3‘－甲基－5‘－氧代吡唑－4‘－基）丁二酮－[1，4]与二安替吡啉甲烷的氯仿溶液协同萃取Ln^3 (Ln=La,Pr,Nd,Sm,Gd和Dy)的性能。通过考察萃取剂浓度、溶液酸度和温度等因素对Ln(III)萃取平衡的影响，确定了萃取机理和萃合物组成，求得了萃取反应平衡常数Ks.e.和有关热力学参数。     

络合萃取法处理对硝基苯酚生产废水

采用络合萃取法,以ＴＯＡ为萃取剂、煤油为稀释剂处理对硝基苯酚生产废水。当萃取剂浓度为７－５％（ 油相） 、相比１∶１－５、萃取时间２０ ｍｉｎ 时,废水经一级萃取硝基苯酚去除率达９９－０％ ,ＣＯＤ去除率达９４－０％ 。萃取所得络合相经ＮａＯＨ解络后,上层油相为萃取剂可循环使用,下层为浓缩的对硝基苯酚,可回收利用。     

液态CO_2萃取啤酒花浸膏工艺及性能研究

液态ＣＯ２ 萃取啤酒花浸膏的最佳工艺条件为：萃取时间２．５～３ｈ,萃取压力６－５～７－５ＭＰａ,温度９～１５℃,可得到α 酸与β 酸质量分数之和为８９－８１％ 的浸膏,浸膏收率为１３－９１％ ;在７－５ＭＰａ 下,９℃α 酸的萃取率为９４－２４％ ,１５℃β 酸的萃取率为９７－２１％ 。加入原料质量６％ ～１２％ 的质量分数为９５％ 的乙醇夹带剂,可使浸膏收率提高２５％ ～４４％ ,α 酸的萃取率提高６％ ～２１％ ;含α 酸质量分数为１１－９１％ 的努革特啤酒花可以制备α 酸高达６１％ 的浸膏;青岛大花比其它４ 种啤酒花更易萃取。与超临界萃取的浸膏相比,液态ＣＯ２ 萃取的浸膏纯度高、色泽金黄、性能稳定,可直接用于深加工     

CTXL325-N离心萃取器处理对硝基酚钠废水试验

介绍了用ＣＴＸＬ３２５－Ｎ离心萃取器、ＡＢＫ萃取剂络合萃取处理对硝基酚钠废水的方法,提出了合理的工艺条件,确认ＣＴＸＬ３２５－Ｎ离心萃取器、ＡＢＫ萃取剂络合萃取处理含酚废水工艺是经济有效的     

肟类萃取洁霉素的研究

本文首次将肟类萃取剂用于洁霉素的萃取，研究了其萃取规律.在中性及弱碱性条件下，所选用的氧肟－84、酮肟－85及N510三种肟类均可有效地萃取洁霉素，且在酸性条件下容易反萃.无论氧肟还是酮肟均按溶剂化历程萃取洁霉素，前者形成L.S型萃合物，后者形成L.2S型萃取合物（L－洁霉素，S－肟类萃取剂）.     

超临界CO2萃取螺旋藻中β—胡萝卜互的研究

以超临界ＣＯ２萃取螺旋藻中β－胡萝卜素,结果表明,萃取压力越高,温度赵高、ＣＯ２用量越多,收率就越大。超临界ＣＯ２萃取螺旋藻中β－胡萝眩素适宜操作压力３０ＭＰａ、温度５０℃、萃取时间２ｈ。在该条件下得到的萃取物占被萃粉的４．５％,、β－胡萝卜素的含量为３．４％,对β－胡萝卜素的萃取收率 为９４％。该萃取物色泽纯正,气味自然,可作为产品出售。     

温度对用N,N-二(1-甲基庚基)乙酰胺萃取剂处理含酚废水效果的影响

采用N，N－二（1－甲基庚基）乙酰胺萃取剂，离心萃取处理酚醛树脂含酚废水，废水温度对萃取效率影响显著，适宜水温为20－35℃。     

超临界CO2萃取芹菜籽香料的应用技术研究

采用超临界ＣＯ２萃取技术提取芹菜籽的芳香物质。选用８０－１５０ＭＰａ的萃取压力、２５－４５℃萃取温度和２－２。５ｈ的萃取时间以及萃取前原料进行适度磨碎（３０－４０目）处理，可获得具有新鲜、浓郁、逼真的芹菜籽香味的芳香物质。萃取得率大于２．３％。芹菜籽油（ＣＯ２）已在食品加香方面进行了开发应用研究。     

RE(Ⅲ)-HPMBP-DAMP协萃体系的研究

弱酸性螯合萃取剂HPMBP（1－苯基－3－甲基－4－苯甲酰基－吡唑啉酮－5）与中性协萃剂DAMP（甲基磷酸二异戊酯）对三价稀子离子RE（Ⅲ）协同萃取过程,有氢离子放出：     

The structure of tartaric acid adsorbed over nickel catalyst observed by FT-IRAS

The structure of the L-tartaric acid adsorbed on the surface of a nickel metal catalyst with or without NaBr was studied by FT-IRAS. The carboxylic acid and carboxylate type adsorbed species were observed on nickel surface which was treated with only tartaric acid, while only one type of carboxylate ion was observed on the nickel surface which was treated with tartaric acid and NaBr.     

重结晶法制备高品质硝酸镍的工艺研究

硝酸镍作为一种镍盐广泛应用于分析,催化剂和电池生产行业,本论文以生产高品质硝酸镍为目的,提出了硫酸镍溶液→碳酸钠沉淀→硝酸溶解→结晶→硝酸镍产品的生产工艺。对工艺过程进行了探索,对工序过程中硝酸镍的杂质含量进行了检测。最终结果表明,采用该工艺可制备适合催化与电池行业应用的高品质硝酸镍产品。     

氨基磺酸镍制备的研究

以镍粉和氨基磺酸为原料 ,并加入H2 O2 ,制备了氨基磺酸镍 ,H2 O2 加入镍粉与水的混合物中的速度不能太快 ,氨基磺酸分批加入。还以电铸后形成的镍片为原料制备了氨基磺酸镍 :先将这些金属镍片制成硝酸镍 ,然后由硝酸镍制成氢氧化镍或碳酸镍 ,最后将其与氨基磺酸反应生成氨基磺酸镍。在合成氨基磺酸时 ,发烟硫酸分两批加入 ,第一批发烟硫酸加入后反应温度为 30℃ ,第二批发烟硫酸加入后 ,反应温度分两阶段提升 ,第一阶段反应温度为 5 5～ 6 0℃ ,第二阶段为 70～ 80℃ ,产品晶型好 ,易纯化 ,产率较高     

光亮镀镍液中硼酸和氯化镍的连续滴定

介绍一种光亮镀镍液中硼酸和氯化镍的测定方法。采用732型阳离子交换树脂分离镍及其它阳离子后，分别用氢氧化钠和硼酸银滴定硼酸和氯离子，分析结果表明，本方法简便快速、准确度高。     

中温化学镀镍工艺研究

通过正交试验优选出一种较佳的中温化学镀镍工艺。研究了镀液主要成分及操作条件对沉积速度和镀层质量的影响。利用Ｘ射线衍射法测定了镀层组成和晶体结构,并测量了其耐蚀性。结果获得含磷１０．６ｗｔ％的非晶态镀层,耐蚀性优于光亮镀镍层。     

Chronopotentiometric study on the effect of boric acid in the nickel transport properties through a cation-exchange membrane

In this work the effect of boric acid on the nickel transport properties through an IONICS 67-HMR-412 cation-exchange membrane was evaluated by means of chronopotentiometry. Nickel chloride solutions with and without boric acid were investigated. The obtained results showed that the addition of boric acid to a nickel chloride solution does not affect the limiting current density value nor the nickel transport number through the membrane. The obtained results also revealed that, under very high current densities, the secondary transfer phenomenon associated to water splitting occurs when nickel chloride solutions are employed, and a bipolar membrane structure is formed, resulting from a Ni(OH)₂ precipitation on the membrane surface. The addition of boric acid to the nickel chloride solution can minimize or avoid this phenomenon depending on the boric acid concentration in the solution.     

双重封闭对建筑用6463铝合金酒石酸氧化膜耐蚀性能的影响

为提高建筑用6463铝合金的耐蚀性能,在6463铝合金表面制备酒石酸氧化膜,然后进行热水-镍盐双重封闭.研究了双重封闭对酒石酸氧化膜的形貌、厚度及耐蚀性能的影响,并与单一热水封闭、镍盐封闭作比较.结果表明:单一封闭和双重封闭对酒石酸氧化膜的厚度基本没有影响,但封闭前后酒石酸氧化膜的形貌、成分及耐蚀性能存在差异.双重封闭...     

Nickel extraction from a nickel-tungsten spent catalyst using column leaching

Nickel extraction from an uncrushed spent nickel-tungsten catalyst was studied using sulphuric acid leaching in a column. The effects of flowrate, temperature and acid concentration on the cumulative nickel recovery was investigated using a three-variable, two-level factorial design. Statistical analysis indicated that among these variables only acid concentration was significant (at the 95% confidence level) in the ranges investigated. The catalyst can be leached either by a two-step process or in a single step following catalyst preoxidation. In either case extractions exceeding 95% can be obtained. With oxidized samples, single-step acid leaching at 82°C yielded significantly better nickel extraction than at 95°C. This was attributed mainly to tungstic acid precipitation in the catalyst pellets, an effect which occurs rapidly at 95°C and retards the leaching of nickel. Nickel extraction was also suppressed following preoxidation at over 300°C. This was thought to be due to formation of slow-leaching nickel oxide-tungstate. Following preoxidation at the optimum of 300°C, 97% of the nickel could be leached in 4 h at 82°C using (by volume) 3% sulphuric acid and 0.6% nitric acid flowing at 1.5 litres/h. About 70% of the nickel could be extracted from preoxidized catalyst using only water for 40 h at room temperature. These findings are incorporated in a simple proposed flowsheet.     

Bioleaching of acid‐consuming low‐grade nickel ore with elemental sulfur addition and subsequent acid generation

The bioleaching of a nickel concentrate and an acid‐consuming nickel ore was studied using a co‐culture of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and A. thiooxidans, as well as a thermophilic enrichment culture, VS2. The VS2 was dominated by a Sulfolobus species related to Sulfolobus metallicus. Nickel concentrate was readily solubilized with A. ferrooxidans and the VS2, resulting in nickel yields of 56% and 100%, respectively. Low‐grade nickel ore required 350 g H₂SO₄ kg^?1 ore for maintaining the pH of the leaching solution below 3. To overcome the high acid demand, biological elemental sulfur oxidation was combined with the ore leaching. Leaching of a 2% (wt/vol) nickel ore with a co‐culture of A. thiooxidans and A. ferrooxidans resulted in nickel yield of up to 86% with acid supplementation of 290 g H₂SO₄ kg^?1 ore. When coupled with biological sulfur oxidation, an 86% nickel recovery was achieved with 0.5% (wt/vol) ore concentration without further sulfuric acid addition. The VS2 oxidized sulfur at a rate of 0.063 g L^?1 d^?1 and the simultaneous nickel ore leaching resulted in 100% nickel yield. In summary, the potential of using elemental sulfur addition and subsequent biological acid generation to maintain the low pH during bioleaching of an acid‐consuming nickel ore was demonstrated. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

镍电解一次铁渣浸出的研究

控制不同工艺条件浸出镍电解一次铁渣研究表明,升高温度有利于铁渣中铁、镍、铜元素的浸出;当反应体系温度≥60℃时,采用浓度为20%的硫酸浸出镍电解一次铁渣,反应1.5 h,可以将铁渣中的绝大多数铁、镍、铜元素浸出;正交实验表明,当控制反应时间为1.5 h时,镍电解一次铁渣浸出的最佳工艺条件为:硫酸浓度20%,反应液固比10∶4,反应温度90℃。