铝合金激光焊接技术研究进展

综述铝合金激光焊接技术特点及研究现状,开展3 mm厚LF6铝合金激光-MIG电弧复合焊接工艺研究。文献综述表明,铝合金激光自熔焊接表面成形不好,且易于产生气孔缺陷,激光填丝焊、激光-电弧复合焊以及双光束激光焊等能够有效地解决上述铝合金激光焊接问题。试验研究表明,激光-MIG电弧复合焊接LF6铝合金可获得良好的焊缝成形,内部质量达到QJ1666A-2011Ⅰ级焊缝质量要求,接头强度达到母材的90%以上,具备较为优异的力学性能。     

异厚度铝合金激光拼焊温度场的测试

利用高温热电偶检测异厚度铝合金激光拼焊时的温度场,分析不同检测位置、激光功率、焊接速度、添加粉末、板材厚度对温度场的影响.测量结果表明,焊缝附近温度梯度非常大.激光功率越高、焊接速度越慢,同一测量点峰值温度越高.添加金属粉末时,材料表面对激光的吸收率增强,同一测量点的峰值温度升高.同一测量点薄板的峰值温度比厚板高,达到峰值温度的时间比厚板短.     

电磁控制作用下激光自动化焊接对铝合金焊缝孔隙率及表面粗糙度的影响

电磁控制作用有利于铝合金激光焊过程中产生的气孔穿过氧化层排出。高频电磁下的焊接渗透深度低,能在焊缝表面发挥稳定效应。两个磁极之间的激光束在工件表面的作用点(lpa)对电磁场影响焊缝表面粗糙度至关重要,通过观察分析,发现随着激光作用点参数的变化,焊接面粗糙度也有所不同。合理选择lpa,焊接表面的粗糙度可以降低50%。通过观察气孔相对减少量,对比不同参数对除气效果的影响。     

铝合金激光焊接气孔缺陷形成及抑制机理

气孔是铝合金激光焊缝重要的缺陷形式,对焊缝力学性能具有较大的影响。综述了铝合金激光焊接中气孔缺陷的形成及抑制机理。氢气孔和由不稳定匙孔塌陷造成的气穴是铝合金气孔缺陷的两种主要类型。氢气孔的形成与熔池中氢的溶解度剧变密切相关,通过减少氢的进入量以及获得合适的熔池冷却速度可有效抑制氢气孔数量。匙孔的稳定性是影响气穴形成的主要因素,通过采取合适的工艺措施改善熔池流动行为、增大匙孔尺寸,可明显提高匙孔稳定性,减少气穴数量。     

镁合金激光焊气孔问题研究现状与展望

综述了近年来针对镁合金激光焊气孔问题的围内外研究进展,对镁合金激光焊气孔产生的原因、影响因素及防止措施进行了分析,认为由母材的制造工艺所决定的原始含气量是影响镁合金激光焊气孔倾向的主要因素,而针对不同含气量的母材需要采取不同的气孔防止措施.提出了压铸镁合金激光焊气孔防止技术的研究方向.     

铝合金与钢的异种材料离焦激光焊研究现状

综述了铝合金与钢的异种材料离焦激光焊技术的研究现状;介绍了基于非定常热传导利用境界要素法对铝合金与钢离焦激光焊接合界面温度分布的解析和接头界面微观组织特性、力学性能与工艺条件的关系.就铝合金与钢离焦激光焊可焊范围与垫砧材质等工艺条件关系进行了探讨,并指出了今后铝合金与钢异种材料激光焊的研究方向.     

5083船用铝合金激光焊接不稳定性研究

采用Rofin Sinar公司3 500 W扩散冷却板条CO2激光器对船用5083铝合金(厚度为4 mm)进行焊接试验.试验结果表明:激光焊接条件、激光工艺参数以及辅助气体成分对激光焊接过程的稳定性以及焊缝的表面成形影响很大.分析了引起5083铝合金激光焊接过程不稳定性以及表面成形差的可能原因.     

Joint performance of CO2 laser beam welding 5083,H321 aluminum alloy

Laser beam welding of aluminum alloys is expected to offer good mechanical properties of welded joints. In this experimental work reported, CO2 laser beam autogenoas welding and wire feed welding are conducted on 4 mm thick 5083- H321 aluminum alloy sheets at different welding variables. The mechanical properties and microstructure characteristics of the welds are evaluated through tensile tests, micro-hardness tests, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. Experimental results indicate that both the tensile strength and hardness of laser beam welds are affected by the constitution of filler material, except the yield strength. The soften region of laser beam welds is not in the heat-affected zone （ HAZ ）. The tensile fracture of laser beam welded specimens takes place in the weld zone and close to the weld boundary because of different filler materials. Some pores are found on the fracture face, including hydrogen porosities and blow holes, but these pores have no influence on the tensile strength of laser beam welds. Tensile strength values of laser beam welds with filler wire are up to 345.57 MPa, 93% of base material values, and yield strengths of laser beam welds are equivalent to those of base metal （264. 50 MPa）.     

Welding phenomena and in-process monitoring in high-power YAG laser welding of aluminium alloy

Laser welding of aluminium alloys is difficult because of their low laser coupling, easy formation of welding defects, etc. and thus the establishment of in process monitoring technique is expected in various industries to obtain highly reliable laser welds. In this study, therefore, both the reflected laser beam and radiation light from die molten pool were investigated as monitoring signals during YAG laser welding of A5052 and A5182 aluminium alloy to confirm validity and usefulness of these signals for monitoring. At the same time, laser-welding phenomena were observed through a high-speed video camera to better interpret the monitored signals. Two signals were detected by utilizing photo sensors and band pass or cut-off filters coaxially against a laser beam and from the above-back direction. In this paper, experimental setup, and monitoring and observation results were presented. The correlation between monitoring signals and welding phenomena was clarified when the welding defects such as underfilling and through holes were formed.     

Study on the effect of welding current during laser beam-resistance seam welding of aluminum alloy 5052

The effect of welding current on the weld shape and tensile shear load during laser beam-resistance seam welding (LB-RSW) of aluminum alloy 5052 is studied. Experimental results show that the penetration depth, weld width,tensile shear load and the ratio of penetration depth to weld width of LB-RSW are bigger than those of laser beam welding(LBW) under the same conditions and the former three parameters increase as welding current rises. The weld shape of LB-RSW below 5 kA welding current is nearly the same as that of LBW. The weld morphology is protuberant under the condition of 5 kA welding current and 0.8 m/min welding speed. Furthermore, the microstructure of the weld seam of LB-RSW is coarser than that of LBW.     

铝合金激光焊接

概述了铝合金的焊接特性以及焊接过程中的难点,由于铝高反射、导热快的特点,激光焊接也不可避免地存在一般熔焊常遇到的焊缝气孔、焊接热裂纹等问题。鉴于铝合金自身特点,也使激光焊接工艺更加复杂,亟待改进和完善。提出了相关改进措施,通过表面处理、改善焊接接头、调整焊接波型参数等来改善铝合金焊接性能。     

铝合金焊接新技术在汽车制造中的应用

详细介绍了近年来国内外出现的铝合金焊接新技术(激光焊、激光-电弧复合焊以及摩擦搅拌焊)的原理、工艺特点以及在汽车制造中的应用.     

CO2 laser welding of 5A06 aluminum alloy plates with different thicknesses

CO2 laser beam welding of aluminum alloys with different thicknesses was carded out. The influences of laser power and travel speed on the weld width were analyzed. The mechanical characteristics of tailor-welded blanks （TWB） with unequal thickness were evaluated using tensile tests, and the fracture appearance was inspected after tensile tests. The microstructure of welded joints was analyzed by SEM. The results indicate that this alloy can be laser welded with full penetration. All the tensile specimens fracture on the base metal, far from the weld in the transverse direction. The tensile strength and yield strength of TWB are 89% and 91.2% compared with the base metal. The percentage of the thinner plate in the specimen has an important effect on the transverse elongation. The transverse elongation of TWB approaches that of the base metal when the thinner plate has a large percentage in TWB specimen. The weld microstructure shows extra-fine grains. Dendrite exists around weld fusion line and the equiaxed grains in the weld.     

A study on the porosity of CO2 laser welding of titanium alloy

0IntroductionTitanium alloys are increasingly applied in aeronauticindustry because of its higher strength to weight ratio thansteel and superior fatigue performance to aluminum alloy.At the same time there are many newtitanium-based alloysoccurring,such as Ti3Al-Nb titanium aluminide[1].Weldsof titanium alloy are prone to porosity,presenting a poten-tial problem for many application requiring sealing,corro-sion and fatigue resistance and good fracture toughness.Many studies have demonstrate…     

光纤激光焊接A356铝合金过程气孔敏感性

为减少激光深熔焊接铝合金过程中产生的冶金型气孔和小孔型气孔,达到提高工件力学性能的目的,系统分析激光功率、焊接速度以及离焦量等工艺参数分别对两种气孔造成的影响,同时观察不同焊接参数下小孔上方的金属蒸汽羽烟形状与波动情况,以反映焊接过程中小孔的稳定性。结果显示,增加激光功率或减小激光光斑半径时,小孔上方金属蒸汽羽烟波动剧烈,形状和大小都极不稳定,间接反映小孔的稳定性更差,因此在焊缝根部产生更多小孔型气孔。当由激光能量密度变化引起的小孔深宽比增高时,小孔内部坍塌的可能性升高,并在焊缝中留下更多的气孔。当激光功率为5 kW、离焦量为0、焊接速度为2.0 m/min时,气孔率达到最小值。     

铝及铝合金MIG焊接预防气孔的措施

针对铝及铝合金MIG焊接过程中容易产生气孑L的情况,分析了产生气孔的原因。这些气孑L主要是氢气孑L。分析了氢的来源,包括母材和焊丝表面的油污、水分及碳氢化合物,焊丝原材料中的氢,施焊环境中的氢。在焊接工艺方面采用亚射流过渡形式,采用合适的焊接速度、焊丝伸出长度、焊枪角度、气体流量、预热温度和层问温度,采用摩擦系数小的特氟龙送丝软管,可以有效的预防和减少铝及铝合金MIG焊接过程中产生的气孔。     

铝合金激光焊接技术的发展现状

介绍了近年发展起来的基于激光热源的铝合金焊接技术。它主要包括5种方法：激光辉、电孤强化激光焊、双束激光焊、顺序电弧激光焊、激光辅助焊接，讨论了每种方法的特点和作用机理。     

TC4钛合金激光搭接焊的研究

进行了TC4钛合金搭接接头的激光焊接研究,得出了工艺参数与接头几何形状之间的关系,间接反映了承栽能力的变化。分析了接头微观组织特征,同时分析了接头区域的显微硬度及性能,测量了焊接接头区域的残余应力分布规律。     

工艺参数对异厚度铝合金激光拼焊板残余应力场的影响

采用小孔释放法检测异厚度铝合金激光拼焊后的残余应力场,分析残余应力产生的规律和原因,对比薄厚两板残余应力场的差异,分析激光功率、焊接速度、离焦量、添加粉末对残余应力场的影响.测量分析结果表明:异厚度铝合金激光拼焊残余应力场分布规律与普通熔焊方法相似,但分布区域较窄.对于不同的工艺参数,焊接功率越小、焊接速度越快、离焦量越大、不添加粉末时,残余应力场分布范围越窄.     

钛合金薄板激光焊接技术研究

通过对BT20，TC4等钛合金板材YAG，CO2激光焊接试验，分析了钛合金激光焊接常见缺陷和防止措施，研究了焊前清理、焊接过程中气体保护、激光焊接工艺参数选择及焊后处理对焊接接头力学性能的影响。