A global control of polynomial chaotic systems

In this paper, a method of controlling a class of non-linear systems, x = F(x,t) (x element Rn) (or xk+1 = F(xk), (xk element Rn)), where F(x,t) (or F(xk)) is polynomial of degree m on x (or xk), is proposed. It can be proved that there exist solutions, x(t) (or xk), through specified open-loop (Hubler) action and a suitable non-linear closed-loop (feedback) action, which can be entrained to an arbitrary given goal, g(t) (or gk) element Rn, and the controlling basins of entrainment BE(g) (or BE(gk)) are global.     

关于QL-、D-蕴涵的分配性方程的解

研究了[r→（t∧s）]≡[（r→t）∧（r→s）],[r→（t∨s）]≡[（r→t）∨（r→s）],[（p∧q）→r]≡[（p→r）∨（q→r）],[（p∨q）→r]≡[（p→r）∧（q→r）]4个分配性方程,它们在模糊集理论中的形式分别是I（r,T₁（t,s））=T₂（I（r,t）,I（r,s））,I（r,S₁（t,s））=S₂（I（r,t）,I（r,s））,I（T₁（p,q）,r）=S₁（I（p,r）,I（q,r））,I（S₁（p,q）,r）=T₁（I（p,r）,I（q,r））,其中p,q,r,s,t∈[0,1],T₁、T₂为任意三角模,S₁、S₂为任意三角余模,给出了I为QL-、D-蕴涵时满足分配性方程的充要条件。     

Combinatorial optimization in system configuration design

The significance of systems configurations has been increased in many applied domains (e.g., software, hardware, manufacturing systems, communication systems, supply chain systems, solving strategies, modular planning, material engineering and combinatorial chemistry). Generally, the following kinds of systems under configuration (reconfiguration) can be examined: (a) initial data/infomation (or row materials); (b) processing systems (machines, computers, algorithms); (c) resultant decisions (e.g., products, plans); (d) applied support systems (e.g., network systems, services); (e) requirements; and (f) standards. In the paper several system configuration problems are investigated: (i) searching for (selection of) a set (structure) of system components, (ii) searching for a set of compatible system components, (iii) allocation of system components, (iv) reconfiguration of a system as redesign of the system structure, (v) multi-stage design and redesign of system configuration, (vi) design or redesign of the system configuration for multi-product systems, and (vii) design of system hierarchy. Combinatorial optimization models (including multicriteria statements) are under examination: multiple choice problem, allocation problem, graph coloring problems, morphological clique problem (with compatibility of system components), multipartite clique and their modifications, spanning trees problems.     

Artificial neural network model for predicting protein subcellular location.

The function of a protein is closely correlated to its subcellular location. Is it possible to utilize a bioinformatics method to predict the protein subcellular location? To explore this problem, proteins are classified into 12 groups (Protein Eng. 12 (1999) 107-118) according to their subcellular location: (1) chloroplast, (2) cytoplasm, (3) cytoskeleton, (4) endoplasmic reticulum, (5) extracellular, (6) Golgi apparatus, (7) lysosome, (8) mitochondria, (9) nucleus, (10) peroxisome, (11) plasma membrane and (12) vacuole. In this paper, the neural network method was proposed to predict the subcellular location of a protein according to its amino acid composition. Results obtained through self-consistency, cross-validation and independent dataset tests are quite high. Accordingly, the present method can serve as a complement tool for the existing prediction methods in this area.     

关于满足[I(x,y)=I(x,I(x,y))] D-蕴涵的解

研究了[I(x,y)=I(x,I(x,y))]方程,[I]为由连续三角模[T]、连续三角余模[S]和强否定[n]生成的D-蕴涵,即[I(x,y)=S(T(n(x),n(y)),y)],给出了满足方程[I(x,y)=I(x,I(x,y))]的解。     

Studies of tricyclic piperazine/piperidine furnished molecules as novel integrin αvβ3/αIIbβ3 dual antagonists using 3D-QSAR and molecular docking

The development of injectable integrin α(v)β(3)/α(IIb)β(3) dual antagonists attracts much attention of research for treating of acute ischemic diseases in recent years. In this work, based on a dataset composed of 102 tricyclic piperazine/piperidine furnished dual α(v)β(3) and α(IIb)β(3) antagonists, a variety of in silico modeling approaches including the comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA), comparative similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA), and molecular docking were applied to reveal the requisite 3D structural features impacting the biological activities. Our statistical results show that the ligand-based 3D-QSAR models for both the α(v)β(3) and α(IIb)β(3) studies exhibited satisfactory internal and external predictability, i.e., for the CoMFA models, results of Q(2)=0.48, R(ncv)(2)=0.87, R(pred)(2)=0.71 for α(v)β(3) and Q(2)=0.50, R(ncv)(2)=0.85, R(pred)(2)=0.72 for α(IIb)β(3) analysis were obtained, and for the CoMSIA ones, the outcomes of Q(2)=0.55, R(ncv)(2)=0.90, R(pred)(2)=0.72 for α(v)β(3) and Q(2)=0.52, R(ncv)(2)=0.88, R(pred)(2)=0.74 for α(IIb)β(3) were achieved respectively. In addition, through a comparison between 3D-QSAR contour maps and docking results, it is revealed that that the most crucial interactions occurring between the tricyclic piperazine/piperidine derivatives and α(v)β(3)/α(IIb)β(3) receptor ligand binding pocket are H-bonding, and the key amino acids impacting the interactions are Arg214, Asn215, Ser123, and Lys253 for α(v)β(3), but Arg214, Asn215, Ser123 and Tyr190 for α(IIb)β(3) receptors, respectively. Halogen-containing groups at position 15 and 16, benzene sulfonamide substituent at position 23, and the replacement of piperazine with 4-aminopiperidine of ring B may increase the α(v)β(3)/α(IIb)β(3) antagonistic activity. The potencies for antagonists to inhibit isolated α(v)β(3) and α(IIb)β(3) are linear correlated, indicating that similar interaction mechanisms may exist for the series of molecules. To our best knowledge this is the first report on 3D-QSAR modeling of these dual α(v)β(3)/α(IIb)β(3) antagonists. The results obtained should provide information for better understanding of the mechanism of antagonism and thus be helpful in design of novel potent dual α(v)β(3)/α(IIb)β(3) antagonists.     

Linear cryptanalysis of NUSH block cipher

NUSH is a block cipher as a candidate for NESSIE. NUSH is analyzed by linear crypt-analysis . The complexity δ = (ε , η) of the attack consists of data complexity ε and time complexity η. Three linear approximations are used to analyze NUSH with 64-bit block. When |K| = 128 bits, the complexities of three attacks are (258, 2124), (260, 278) and (262, 255) respectively. When |K| = 192 bits, the complexities of three attacks are (258, 2157) (260, 2%) and (262, 258) respectively. When |K| = 256 bits, the complexities of three attacks are (258, 2125), (260, 278) and (262, 253) respectively. Three linear approximations are used to analyze NUSH with 128-bit block. When |K|= 128 bits, the complexities of three attacks are (2122, 295), (2124, 257) and (2126, 252) respectively. When |K| = 192 bits, the complexities of three attacks are (2122, 2142), (2124, 275) and (2126, 258) respectively. When |K|= 256 bits, the complexities of three attacks are (2122, 2168), (2124, 281) and (2126, 264) respectively. Two l     

Novel e-nose for the discrimination of volatile organic biomarkers with an array of carbon nanotubes (CNT) conductive polymer nanocomposites (CPC) sensors

We report the original design of a new type of electronic nose (e-nose) consisting of only five sensors made of hierarchically structured conductive polymer nanocomposites (CPC). Each sensor benefits from both the exceptional electrical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNT) used to build the conductive architecture and the spray layer by layer (sLbL) assembly technique, which provides the transducers with a highly specific 3D surface structure. Excellent sensitivity and selectivity were obtained by optimizing the amount of CNT with five different polymer matrices: poly(caprolactone) (PCL), poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(carbonate) (PC), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and a biobased polyester (BPR). The ability of the resulting e-nose to detect nine organic solvent vapours (isopropanol, tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, n-heptane, cyclohexane, methanol, ethanol, water and toluene), as well as biomarkers for lung cancer detection in breath analysis, has been demonstrated. Principal component analysis (PCA) proved to be an excellent pattern recognition tool to separate vapour clusters.     

Analysis of the interaction between the dendritic conductance density and activated area in modulating alpha-motoneuron EPSP: statistical computer model

Five reconstructed alpha-motoneurons (MNs) are simulated under physiological and morphological realistic parameters. We compare the resulting excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) of models, containing voltage-dependent channels on the dendrites, with the EPSP of a passive MN and an active soma and axon model. In our simulations, we apply three different distribution functions of the voltage-dependent channels on the dendrites: a step function (ST) with uniform spatial dispersion; an exponential decay (ED) function, with proximal to the soma high-density location; and an exponential rise (ER) with distally located conductance density. In all cases, the synaptic inputs are located as a gaussian function on the dendrites. Our simulations lead to eight key observations. (1) The presence of the voltage-dependent channels conductance (g(Active)) in the dendrites is vital for obtaining EPSP peak boosting. (2) The mean EPSP peaks of the ST, ER, and ED distributions are similar when the ranges of G (total conductance) are equal. (3) EPSP peak increases monotonically when the magnitude of g(Na_step) (maximal g(Na) at a particular run) is increased. (4) EPSP kinetics parameters were differentially affected; time integral was decreased monotonically with increased g(Na_step), but the rate of rise (the decay time was not analyzed) does not show clear relations. (5) The total G can be elevated by increasing the number of active dendrites; however, only a small active area of the dendritic tree is sufficient to get the maximal boosting. (6) The sometimes large variations in the parameters values for identical G depend on the g(Na_step) and active dendritic area. (7) High g(Na_step) in a few dendrites is more efficient in amplifying the EPSP peak than low g(Na_step) in many dendrites. (8) The EPSP peak is approximately linear with respect to the MNs' R(N) (input resistance).     

Exercise thermoregulation and hyperprolactinaemia

The anterior pituitary hormone prolactin (PRL), measured in the peripheral blood circulation, reflects alterations in central brain 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) and dopaminergic activity and is used as a marker of 'central fatigue' during active heat exposure. Significant correlations have consistently been found between PRL and core temperature (T(CORE)) during prolonged exercise. There has been no investigation into the relationship between PRL and other key thermoregulatory variables during exercise, such as weighted mean skin (T(SK)) and mean body temperature (T(B)), heat storage (HS), thermal gradient (T(GRAD)), heart rate (HR) and skin blood flow (cutaneous vascular conductance, CVC). Therefore, the aim of this study was to ascertain if a significant relationship exists between PRL and these thermoregulatory variables during prolonged exercise. Nine active male subjects conducted three trials of approximately 60% VO(2peak) at 70-80 rpm for 45 min on a semi-recumbent cycle ergometer at three different ambient temperatures [6 degrees C (Cold), 18 degrees C (Neutral) and 30 degrees C (Hot)] to elicit varying levels of thermoregulatory stress during exercise. Significant differences existed in T(SK), T(B), HS, T(GRAD) and CVC across the environmental conditions (p < 0.001). Core temperature (T(CORE)), HR and PRL were significantly elevated only in Hot (p < 0.05). Moderate correlations were found for T(CORE), T(SK), T(B), HS, T(GRAD), HR and CVC with post-exercise PRL (rho = 0.358-0.749). The end-of-exercise <38.0 degrees C T(CORE) responses were not (rho = -0.129, p > 0.05) but the >38.0 degrees C T(CORE) responses were (rho = 0.845, p < 0.001) significantly related to their corresponding PRL responses. The significant relationships between PRL release and T(SK), T(B), HS, T(GRAD), HR and CVC have extended previous research on T(CORE) and PRL release and indicate an association between these thermoregulatory variables, as well as T(CORE), and serotonergic/dopaminergic activity during prolonged exercise.     

Viewpoints on Grid Standards

At GCC 2003 in Shanghai in December 2003, a panel discussion was held on the future of grid computing and on the role of the Globus Toolkit in future grid standards. Panelists include Andrew Chien (UCSD, USA), Wolfgang Gentzsch (Sun),Prancis Lau (HKU, China), Carl Kesselman (USC, USA), Satoshi Matsuoka (TIT, Japan), Xian-He Sun (IIT, USA), Richard Wirt (Intel), Liang-Jie Zhang (IBM Research), Song-Nian Zhou (Platform Computing), and Zhi-Wei Xu (ICT, China), with Hai Jin (HUST, China) served as the coordinator. The panel talks were stimulating and well received. Three of the panel talknotes are selected and included in this viewpoint.     

Cardiovascular and thermal consequences of protective clothing: a comparison of clothed and unclothed states

We have undertaken a laboratory-based examination of the cardiovascular and thermal impact of wearing thermal (heat) protective clothing during fatiguing exercise in the heat. Seven males completed semi-recumbent, intermittent cycling (39.6 degrees C, 45% relative humidity) wearing either protective clothing or shorts (control). Mean core and skin temperatures, cardiac frequency (f(c)), stroke volume (Q), cardiac output (Q), arterial pressure, forearm blood flow (Q(f)), plasma volume change, and sweat rates were measured. In the clothed trials, subjects experienced significantly shorter times to fatigue (52.5 vs. 58.9 min), at lower peak work rates (204.3 vs. 277.4 W), and with higher core (37.9 degrees vs. 37.5 degrees C) and mean skin temperatures (37.3 degrees vs. 36.9 degrees C). There was a significant interaction between time and clothing on f(c), such that, over time, the clothing effect became more powerful. Clothing had a significant main affect on Q, but not Q, indicating the higher Q was chronotropically driven. Despite a greater sweat loss when clothed (923.0 vs. 547.1 g.m(-2) x h(-1); P<0.05), Q(f) and plasma volume change remained equivalent. Protective clothing reduced exercise tolerance, but did not affect overall cardiovascular function, at the point of volitional fatigue. It was concluded that, during moderately heavy, semi-recumbent exercise under hot, dry conditions, the strain on the unclothed body was already high, such that the additional stress imparted by the clothing ensemble represented a negligible, further impact upon cardiovascular stability.     

Combinatorial properties of two-level hypernet networks

The purpose of the paper is to investigate combinatorial properties of the hypernet network. The hypernet network owns two structural advantages: expansibility and equal degree. In addition, it was shown to be efficient in both communication and computation. Since the number of nodes contained in the hypernet network increases very rapidly with expansion level, we emphasize the hypernet network of two levels (denoted by HN(d, 2)) with a practical view. Recently, combinatorial properties such as container (i.e., node-disjoint paths), wide diameter, and fault diameter have received much attention due to their increasing importance and applications in networks. The following results are obtained for HN(d, 2): (1) best containers with width d-1, (2) containers with (maximum) width d, (3) the (d-1)-wide diameter, (4) the d-wide diameter, (5) the (d-2)-fault diameter, and (6) the (d-1)-fault diameter. More specifically, between every two nodes of HN(d, 2), d (or d-1) packets can be transmitted simultaneously with at most D+2 (or D+1) parallel steps, where D=2d+1 is the diameter of HN(d, 2). Besides, the diameter of HN(d, 2) will increase by at most two (or one), if there are at most d-1 (or d-2) node faults. Our results reveal that HN(d, 2) is not only efficient in parallel transmission, but robust in fault tolerance     

Graphic analysis of resources by numerical evaluation techniques (Garnet)

An interactive computer program for graphical analysis has been developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. The program embodies five goals, (1) economical use of computer resources, (2) simplicity for user applications, (3) interactive on-line use, (4) minimal core requirements, and (5) portability. It is designed to aid (1) the rapid analysis of point-located data, (2) structural mapping, and (3) estimation of area resources.     

Fuzzy triangulation signature for detection of change in human emotion from face video image sequence

The present article proposes a geometry-based fuzzy relational technique for capturing gradual change in human emotion over time available from relevant face image sequences. As associated features, we make use of fuzzy membership arising out of five triangle signatures such as - (i) Fuzzy Isosceles Triangle Signature (FIS), (ii) Fuzzy Right Triangle Signature (FRS), (iii) Fuzzy Right Isosceles Triangle Signature (FIRS), (iv) Fuzzy Equilateral Triangle Signature (FES), and (v) Other Fuzzy Triangles Signature (OFS) to achieve the task of appropriate classification of facial transition from neutrality to one among the six expressions viz. anger (AN), disgust (DI), fear (FE), happiness (HA), sadness (SA) and surprise (SU). The effectiveness of the Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) classifier is tested and validated through 10 fold cross-validation method on three benchmark image sequence datasets namely Extended Cohn-Kanade (CK+), M&M Initiative (MMI), and Multimedia Understanding Group (MUG). Experimental outcomes are found to have achieved accuracy to the tune of 98.47%, 93.56%, and 99.25% on CK+, MMI, and MUG respectively vindicating the effectiveness by exhibiting the superiority of our proposed technique in comparison to other state-of-the-art methods in this regard.

     

神经网络用于三元分子混合物密度与粘度的预测

以二元系实验为基础，利用反向转播算法训练神经网络，构造混合物组成，温度等与物性关系的模型，用于对４个三元混合物体系（１）邻二甲苯－间二甲苯－对二甲苯；（２）四氯化碳－环己烷－２－丙醇；（３）甲醇－丙酮－水；（４）水－甲醇－乙二醇的密度和５个三元混合物体系（１）信甲苯－间二甲苯－对二甲苯；（２）四氯化碳－环己烷－２－丙醇；（３）氯仿－２－丙醇－２－丁醇；（４）甲醇－丙酮－水；（５）乙醇－甲醇－水的粘     

Book Reviews

Book review in this Article Margaret Dale & Paul Iles (1992) Assessing Management Skills: A Guide to Competencies and Evaluation Techniques Dean Tjosvold (1991) Team Organization: An Enduring Competitive Advantage Brian Thomas (1992) Total Quality Training: The Quality Culture and Quality Training Michael J. Comer, Patrick M. Ardis, & David Price (1992) Bad Lies in Business, McGraw Hill Rosemary Dinnage (1992) The Ruffian on the Stair Peter Frost and Ralph Stablein (Eds) (1992) Doing Exemplary Research Janet Sayers (1992) Mothering Psychoanalysis, Penguin Books Vivian Walsh, Robin Roy, Margaret Bruce & Stephen Potter (1992) Winning by Design: Technology, Product Design & International Competitiveness David Megginson & Mike Pedler (1992) Self-Development: A Facilitators Guide Linda L. Putnam and Michael E. Roloff (1992) Communication and Negotiation Peter M. Senge (1990) The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of The Learning Organization Keith Bradley (1992) Phone Wars, The Story of Mercury Communications Gordon J. Pearson (1992) The Competitive Organization Sonja A. Sackmann (1991) Cultural Knowledge in Organisations: Exploring the Collective Mind     

Determining Flow Friction Factor in Irrigation Pipes Using Data Mining and Artificial Intelligence Approaches

The implicit Colebrook–White equation has been widely used to estimate the friction factor for turbulent fluid in irrigation pipes. A fast, accurate, and robust resolution of the Colebrook–White equation is, in particular, necessary for scientific intensive computations. In this study, the performance of some artificial intelligence approaches, including gene expression programming (GEP), which is a variant of genetic programming (GP); adaptive neurofuzzy inference system (ANFIS); and artificial neural network (ANN) has been compared to the M5 model tree, which is a data mining technique and, to most available approximations, is based on root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and correlation coefficient (R). Results show that Serghides and Buzzelli approximations with RMSE (0.00002), MAE (0.00001), and R (0.99999) values had the best performances. Among the data mining and artificial intelligence approaches, the GEP with RMSE (0.00032), MAE (0.00026), and R (0.99953) values performed better. However, all 20 explicit approximations except Wood, Churchill (full range of turbulence including laminar regime) and Rau and Kumar estimated the friction factor more accurately than the GEP.