基于激光熔覆技术的热防护材料选择

轻量化合金材料的耐高温、抗烧蚀性能较差,采用激光熔覆技术制作涂层的方法可提升其热防护性能。本文从热防护的机理出发,结合激光熔覆工艺对熔覆材料性能的要求,从现有的热防护材料和激光熔覆材料中筛选出几种可实现短时间、无冷却情况下基体热防护的熔覆材料,并对基于激光熔覆工艺的热防护材料的未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

45钢表面激光熔覆NiCrBSi涂层的组织和摩擦磨损性能

采用激光熔覆技术在45钢表面制备NiCrBSi合金涂层,利用EPMA,SEM和TEM分析了激光熔覆层的微观组织,测试了激光熔覆层在不同环境气氛压力下的摩擦磨损性能.结果表明:激光熔覆层由熔覆区(CZ)、结合区(BZ)和基底热影响区(HAZ)三个区域组成.熔覆区的组织是在γ-Ni树枝晶和γ-Ni Ni3B共晶的基体上分布着细小的CrB颗粒和Cr7C3树枝晶,结合区是基底材料和熔覆材料的混熔区,呈定向凝固特征,基底热影响区为针状马氏体组织.激光熔覆层的摩擦磨损性能与环境气氛压力密切相关,随环境气氛压力的降低,摩擦系数增大,磨损量减少.     

激光熔覆技术研究进展

首先从激光熔覆用设备与材料、熔覆层的性能以及工业应用等方面,综述了国内外激光熔覆技术的研究动态与进展.其中,着重介绍了激光熔覆层的性能,如耐磨、耐蚀、耐高温等.随后指出了激光熔覆技术目前存在的一些技术难题,如熔覆层的开裂与剥落、工件的变形、不完整的熔覆层材料体系以及轻金属的熔覆质量等问题.最后展望了激光熔覆技术的发展前景,并针对目前该技术存在的问题指明了今后的发展方向.     

铜和铜合金表面激光熔覆最新研究及进展

激光熔覆由于瞬间加热温度高,对工件热影响小而广泛应用于铜及其合金的表面改性。从熔覆材料体系、熔覆层质量与制备工艺、熔覆层组织与性能(主要包括耐磨性、耐电蚀性、耐腐蚀性和导电性)三方面综述了铜和铜合金表面激光熔覆的最新研究进展,指出了铜表面激光熔覆存在的主要问题是铜对激光的反射率,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。     

镁合金表面熔覆改性技术的研究进展

评述了镁合金表面熔覆改性技术的国内外发展概况,着重介绍了热喷涂、激光熔覆及热喷涂 激光重熔复合熔覆3种处理工艺和熔覆涂层材料,提出采用热喷涂 激光熔覆复合法熔覆工艺、镁合金表面熔覆非晶合金以及熔覆高熔点涂层是提高镁合金表面性能的有效方法,具有良好的应用前景.     

激光熔覆与等离子喷焊WF218合金的组织和性能比较

气门密封面激光熔覆的工艺和性能研究较多,但激光熔覆的合金组织和性能与现在气门密封面生产应用的等离子喷焊合金的对比数据较少.为了推动激光熔覆技术在气门密封面生产中的应用,对目前应用的气门WF218合金进行了激光熔覆层与等离子喷焊层的对比研究.通过对同炉气体雾化生产的WF218合金粉末分别进行激光熔覆和等离子喷焊,对两者合金层研究结果显示,激光熔覆合金层更致密、组织更细小、成分更均匀、耐蚀性和耐磨性更好.根据研究数据,激光熔覆技术应用于气门密封面生产将进一步提高质量.     

液压支架零部件防腐及再制造工艺研究进展

液压支架零部件在恶劣的矿井环境中容易腐蚀失效,严重威胁煤矿生产安全。就电镀、化学镀、激光熔覆及堆焊等液压支架零部件的防腐及再制造方法进行了综述,介绍了它们的适用范围、工艺特点及研究进展,讨论了它们的优势与不足,并指出了液压支架零部件防腐及再制造的发展趋势。     

激光熔覆材料研究现状

综述了目前制备激光熔覆涂层所采用的主要材料体系及激光熔覆材料应用中存在的主要问题及解决途径,给出了设计和开发激光熔覆材料应遵循的一般原则.指出激光熔覆材料是决定熔覆层工艺性能和应用性能优劣的重要因素,激光熔覆专用粉末的研究开发是激光熔覆技术研究的重要方向.     

钛合金激光熔覆的研究现状与发展趋势

钛合金具有高比强、良好的耐蚀性能等优点,但其耐磨性差,限制了它在摩擦机构的应用.激光熔覆技术是近年来发展起来的一种新型表面改性工艺.在钛合金表面进行激光熔覆,可提高钛合金的表面性能,获得高硬度、耐磨性能好、低摩擦系数的熔覆层.简要阐述了钛合金表面激光熔覆的研究现状,包括激光熔覆工艺、熔覆层的组织与性能,指出了存在的问题,并展望了钛合金激光熔覆的发展方向.     

激光熔覆技术研究进展及其工业应用

综述了国内外激光熔覆技术的研究进展, 重点介绍了常用的激光熔覆材料、激光熔覆层的性能及其工业应用,并指出了激光熔覆技术亟待解决的几个问题和进一步研究的方向.     

强碱性溶液电镀锌镍合金研究进展

锌镍合金镀层耐蚀性和耐磨性均优于锌镀层，本文综述了强碱性溶液电镀锌镍合金的研究现状和发展趋势，并探讨了相关的共沉积和耐蚀性机理。     

Residual stress influence on fatigue lifetimes of electroplated AISI 4340 high strength steel

Residual stresses play an important role in the fatigue lives of structural engineering components. In the case of near surface tensile residual stresses, the initiation and propagation phases of fatigue process are accelerated; on the other hand, compressive residual stresses close to the surface may increase fatigue life. In both decorative and functional applications, chromium electroplating results in excellent wear and corrosion resistance. However, it is well known that it reduces the fatigue strength of a component. This is due to high tensile internal stresses and microcrack density. Efforts to improve hard chromium properties have increased in recent years. In this study, the effect of a nickel layer sulphamate process, as simple layer and interlayer, on fatigue strength of hard chromium electroplated AISI 4340 steel hardness – HRc 53, was analysed. The analysis was performed by rotating bending fatigue tests on AISI 4340 steel specimens with the following experimental groups: base material, hard chromium electroplated, sulphamate nickel electroplated, sulphamate nickel interlayer on hard chromium electroplated and electroless nickel interlayer on hard chromium electroplated. Results showed a decrease in fatigue strength in coated specimens and that both nickel plating interlayers were responsible for the increase in fatigue life of AISI 4340 chromium electroplated steel. The shot peening pre-treatment was efficient in reducing fatigue loss in the alternatives studied.     

激光熔覆镍基碳化钨涂层的研究进展

激光熔覆是以高能量密度的激光束为热源在基体表面熔覆材料实现熔覆层与基体的冶金结合以到达改性或修复目的的技术.通过激光熔覆技术制备的镍基碳化钨涂层由于其具有较高的硬度以及优异的耐磨损、耐腐蚀特性,在工业领域应用广泛.首先介绍了镍基碳化钨涂层的特点与性能;之后从工艺参数、WC含量、加入纳米WC颗粒3个方面对影响镍基碳化钨涂...     

钛合金镀铬工艺研究

研究了一种可行的工艺方法,在钛及钛合金表面先化学镀镍,再电镀一层铬层,能提高零件表面硬度,能改善其耐磨性,表面硬度可达到HRC 55～60.     

钛合金激光表面熔覆的研究与进展

钛合金具有优异的高比强,良好的抗腐蚀、蠕变、疲劳和韧性,但其表面抗磨性能差,不能作为机械零件使用,大大限制了其性能潜力的发挥.为提高钛合金的表面性能,激光熔覆技术在钛合金表面上进行了相关的研究,获得了陶瓷相增强的高硬度金属基体复合涂层,为钛合金在机械零件上的应用提供了理论基础.本文综述了近几年来钛合金激光熔覆技术的状况,存在的问题,提出进一步研究的方向.     

多道搭接激光熔覆NiCrBSi合金层组织及性能

为了改善40Cr钢的表面状态,拓展其应用范围,采用CO2激光器及LASERCELL-1005六轴六联动三维激光加工机床在40Cr钢表面多道搭接激光熔覆了NiCrBSi合金粉末,利用扫描电镜、金相显微镜、磨损试验机、盐雾试验机等对熔覆层的组织及性能进行了研究.结果表明:激光熔覆层由熔覆区、结合区和热影响区3部分组成.多道...     

The corrosion and wear resistances of magnesium alloy (LZ91) electroplated with copper and followed by 1 μm-thick chromium deposits

The Mg-Li-Zn alloy, LZ91, is a potential material for industrial application owing to its high specific strength. However, the LZ91 has so high chemical reactivity that it is easily corroded in air and an aqueous environment. In this study, an eco-friendly electrodeposition method was proposed to obtain a protective Cr/Cu coating on the LZ91 substrate. That is, the LZ91 surface electroplated a Cu undercoat in an alkaline Cu-plating bath and followed by decorative 1 μm-thick Cr electroplating in a plating bath with trivalent chromium ions. After electroplating, some of the Cr/Cu-deposited specimens were heated with a reduction flame for 0.5 s to increase the hardness of Cr-deposit. The wear resistance of as-plated and flame-hardened Cr/Cu-coated LZ91 specimens was estimated with ball-on-plate wear tester by using a steel-ball counterpart. Whereas, their corrosion resistance was evaluated in a 0.1 M H₂SO₄ solution before and after wear test. Experimental results show that a Cu deposit could be uniformly electroplated on the LZ91 surface by using our proposed electroplating method. The corrosion resistance of LZ91 was markedly improved after decorative 1 μm-thick Cr electroplating. After wear test, the steel counterpart was ground obviously with either as-plated or flame-hardened Cr/Cu-coated LZ91 specimen. According to the results of electrochemical corrosion test, some parts of the Cr deposit were peeled off from worn flame-hardened Cr/Cu LZ91 surface. This reduces its corrosion resistance significantly. On the other hand, the corrosion resistance of as-plated Cr/Cu LZ91 was not changed after wear test. That is, an as-plated Cr/Cu-coated LZ91 specimen could have good corrosion and wear resistance.     

Research status of laser cladding on titanium and its alloys: A review

Titanium and its alloys are restricted in the field of application. Laser cladding, as a kind of surface modification technique, is employed to fabricate coatings with improved wear resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance and good biocompatibility on titanium and its alloys. Apart from laser cladding process parameters, material selection is vital to obtain the improved properties mentioned above. In this paper, recent developments of different material system are summarized and the developments in laser cladding for functional coatings with high wear resistance, good corrosion and oxidation resistance, and better medical biocompatibility are reviewed. Besides, the existing problems and the corresponding solutions are discussed. Finally, the trend of development in the future is forecasted.     

Effect of process parameters and niobium carbide addition on microstructure and wear resistance of laser cladding nickel-based alloy coatings

Based on the background of the engineering application of automobile mold repair and surface strengthening, the effects of process parameters on the formation and microstructure of laser cladding nickel(Ni)-based alloy coating were studied. The optimal parameters were: laser power 2000 W, powder feeding rate 15 g/min, scanning speed 4 mm/s. Under this process, the cladding layer and the substrate can exhibit good metallurgical bonding, and the cladding layer has fine crystal grains and a low dilution ratio. On this basis, different mass fractions of niobium carbide (NbC) powder were added to the nickel-based powder and laser cladding was carried out on the surface of die steel. The phase composition, microstructure, hardness and wear resistance of the coating were studied. The results show that with the increasing of niobium carbide addition, the hardness of the cladding layer decreases, and the wear loss of the cladding layer decreases first and then increases. When the niobium carbide addition reaches 6 wt.%, the wear loss of the cladding layer is the least, and the wear resistance is the best.