共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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光交联壳聚糖-(PVA-SbQ)共混膜的制备与性能表征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
聚乙烯醇一苯乙烯基吡啶盐缩合物(PVA-SbQ)是一种新型光敏聚合物,在紫外光诱导下发生光二聚反应形成大分子网状结构.通过溶液共混法,在壳聚糖(CS)膜中引入具有光二聚特性的PVA-SbQ,成膜后在紫外灯辐照下进行光交联反应,制备了光交联壳聚糖-(PVA-SbQ)共混膜.用扫描电镜、X射线衍射、傅立叶红外等对膜的结构进行表征,并对膜的力学性能、吸湿率、透光率等性能进行研究.实验结果表明:光交联壳聚糖-(PVA-SbQ)共混膜的表面形态比较独特;CS与PVA-SbQ分子间存在一定的氢键相互作用;光交联后,共混膜形成网状结构,有效地改善了壳聚糖膜的力学性能、吸湿性和紫外屏蔽性能. 相似文献
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生物基小分子来源广、价廉,同时大多具有手性,使其在绿色化学盛行的今天作为良好的非介晶基元广泛应用于液晶材料合成研究领域。联苯类液晶因为其良好的物理化学稳定性、较宽的工作温度范围、适当的低黏度,以及快速响应与低电压驱动等优点,在光电显示材料等领域得到了广泛应用。文中综述了近年来薄荷醇、乳酸、糖醇、氨基酸等生物基小分子在联苯类液晶材料合成中的应用进展,指出多生物手性基团结合,特别是与高分子材料的完美组合,是未来研究的新方向。 相似文献
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苯乙烯/马来酸酐共聚物的氢键诱导液晶体 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
制备了以苯乙烯/马来酸-4-羧基酚酯共聚物为质子供体,苯乙烯基吡啶为质子受体的氢键诱导液晶复合物。用DSC和POM研究二者复合并后的液晶行为。结果表明,4SZ含量在30-70%的复合物表现为向列相液晶态,其中等摩尔比的复合物的热稳定性提高。 相似文献
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桐油/豆油与苯乙烯共聚合研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用本体法将桐油或豆油与苯乙烯进行自由基共聚,制备出支化和交联聚合材料。探讨了苯乙烯、桐油(或豆油)和引发剂的相对含量对凝胶前聚合物分子量以及产率的影响,通过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和凝胶渗透色谱法对共聚物结构进行了表征,测出了支化材料中桐油基与苯乙烯基的比例。并利用动态力学分析方法研究了交联聚合材料的力学性能。 相似文献
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In this review, the progress made in the last ten years concerning the synthesis of porous carbon materials is summarized. Porous carbon materials with various pore sizes and pore structures have been synthesized using several different routes. Microporous activated carbons have been synthesized through the activation process. Ordered microporous carbon materials have been synthesized using zeolites as templates. Mesoporous carbons with a disordered pore structure have been synthesized using various methods, including catalytic activation using metal species, carbonization of polymer/polymer blends, carbonization of organic aerogels, and template synthesis using silica nanoparticles. Ordered mesoporous carbons with various pore structures have been synthesized using mesoporous silica materials such as MCM‐48, HMS, SBA‐15, MCF, and MSU‐X as templates. Ordered mesoporous carbons with graphitic pore walls have been synthesized using soft‐carbon sources that can be converted to highly ordered graphite at high temperature. Hierarchically ordered mesoporous carbon materials have been synthesized using various designed silica templates. Some of these mesoporous carbon materials have successfully been used as adsorbents for bulky pollutants, as electrodes for supercapacitors and fuel cells, and as hosts for enzyme immobilization. Ordered macroporous carbon materials have been synthesized using colloidal crystals as templates. One‐dimensional carbon nanostructured materials have been fabricated using anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) as a template. 相似文献
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A K Chatterjee 《Bulletin of Materials Science》1993,16(6):453-464
Three generally accepted generic groups of competitive engineering materials—metals, inorganic ceramics, as well as plastics
and polymers belonging to the organic family—have been comparatively reviewed in the context of raw materials availability,
energy requirements in production, engineering properties, combustibility and environmental friendliness. The intrinsic advantages
of inorganic materials have been discussed. The shortcomings of engineering properties of inorganic materials and the new
technologies of making chemically bonded ceramics or biomimic compounds from inorganic materials with improved toughness have
been dealt with. The expanding application horizons of inorganic materials have been illustrated with the help of several
novel products. 相似文献
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R.A.Andrevski 《材料科学技术学报》1998,14(2):97-103
A great attention has been paid to the research and development of nanostructured materials.The main preparation methods of ultrafine particles and nanostructured materials have been summarized. The applications of zone typical nanostructured materials have also been reviewed.The peculiar characteristics and properties. such as density, grain size, hardness, superplasticity,magnetic and catalytic properties have been discussed 相似文献
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A review of radiation effects in nuclear reactor materials has been made; the irradiation effects have been correlated with
the crystal structure of the materials. Five phenomena, irradiation hardening, irradiation embrittlement, irradiation creep,
irradiation growth and void swelling that occur in materials by neutron irradiation in a reactor environment have been discussed
with a view to explaining the physics of the phenomena and the engineering consequences. Metallurgical approaches for improving
the irradiation performance of materials and for developing new alloys with better resistance to radiation damage have been
pointed out. 相似文献
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综述了现代锂离子二次电池负极材料研究的三个重点方向即碳材料、锡基负极材料、Sn- Fe- C合金材料。这三种材料在锂嵌入与脱出的过程中都形成活性物质 /惰性基体物质结构的材料 ,其中活性物质与锂反应提供容量 ,惰性物质维持基本结构保证循环寿命。分析了形成活性物质 /惰性基体物质结构的过程及储锂机理。 相似文献
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Yue Zhang Ryszard Burzynski Saswati Ghosal Martin K. Casstevens 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》1996,8(2):111-125
Materials demonstrating a photorefractive effect are principal candidates for numerous applications, including high-density optical data storage, optical image processing, phase conjugated mirrors and lasers, dynamic holography, optical computing, pattern recognition, etc. Considerable progress has been made in the research on photorefractive polymers and composite materials in the last few years. These materials have many advantages over inorganic photorefractive crystals, including large optical nonlinearities, low dielectric constants, low cost and ease of fabrication. A large number of materials, including those exhibiting an extremely large photorefractive effect, have been developed. In addition, a number of interesting phenomena particular to polymeric photorefractive materials have been reported and corresponding mechanisms have been proposed to account for these phenomena. Possible applications of these materials have been explored with the demonstration of a volume holographic storage device based on photorefractive polymers. This paper reviews the latest developments of the young and exciting field of polymeric photorefractive materials. 相似文献
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纳米复合薄膜的制备及其应用研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
纳米复合薄膜材料由于具有传统复合材料和现代纳米材料两者的优点,正成为纳米材料的重要分支而越来越引起广泛的重视和深入的研究。本文全面介绍了纳米复合薄膜的发展历史、制备方法、薄膜性能及其应用前景。提出了纳米复合薄膜材料研究的关键问题以及今后的发展方向。 相似文献
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Slow neutrons have proved to be a very powerful probe for examining materials in general and hydrogenous materials in particular.
In this article we review various neutron scattering techniques which have been utilised to investigate different aspects
of a variety of hydrogenous materials. Translationally as well as orientationally disordered materials, ferroelectrics, superconductors,
metal-hydrogen systems, polymers and biological molecules have been chosen as illustrative examples. 相似文献
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V. P. Konoval O. P. Umans’kyi A. D. Panasyuk I. O. Podchernyaeva O. Yu. Koval’ 《Journal of Superhard Materials》2009,31(4):274-280
Electrode composite materials of the TiCrB2-(Fe-Cr) and TiCrC-(Fe-Cr) systems are discussed. The composition, structure, mechanical and tribotechnical properties of
the materials have been studied. Coatings from the materials developed have been applied to the 30KHGSA steel and VT3-1 titanium
alloy. The effect of the length of electric-spark alloying and electrode and substrate materials on the mass-transfer kinetics
has been analyzed. It has been shown that the materials developed can be successfully deposited onto steels and titanium alloys
by the electric-spark method. 相似文献