Fe-Cu基金刚石复合材料超薄锯片的界面性能

采用压制烧结技术制备一种新型Fe-Cu基金刚石复合材料超薄锯片;分别用XRD、SEM、拉曼光谱测试分析锯片的断面物相、断口形貌、金刚石/胎体界面的元素分布和金刚石机械包镶力。结果表明:金刚石/胎体界面存在铁的碳化物;由金刚石静应力公式算得金刚石的机械包镶力为387 MPa,由于胎体冷却时发生塑性变形以及界面处金刚石/铁碳化物间存在晶格错配,释放热应力,使得包镶力绝对值远小于热残余应力(4.6 GPa)的绝对值。     

Sn含量对Cu基金刚石锯片胎体组织与硬度的影响

以Cu为基体,加入Co,Fe,Cr,Sn粉末,改变Sn含量,经过模压成形与热压,制备Cu基金刚石超薄切锯胎体材料,用显微硬度仪、金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和X线衍射(XRD)表征该胎体材料的显微硬度、组织和成分,研究Sn含量对胎体组织和硬度的影响。结果表明:采用烧结温度700℃、烧结压力8.2 MPa的工艺烧结出的胎体中,当Sn的质量分数为2%时,烧结Cu基锯片胎体平均硬度(HV0.1)最低为885.82 MPa;当Sn含量为12%时,烧结Cu基锯片胎体平均硬度最高为1 914.72 MPa。胎体中Sn含量从2%增加到6%,由于胎体中铜锡固溶体的含量增加,Cu基锯片胎体的平均硬度增加,胎体中Sn含量从8%增加到12%时,胎体中铜锡固溶体的含量减少,但是铜锡中间相含量增加,Cu基锯片胎体的平均硬度增加并达到最大值;胎体中Sn含量高于8%时,液态Sn会从胎体中流出,锯片与模具粘着严重,严重影响锯片成形率。     

铁基胎体玻璃打孔器的研究

研究了不同的铜含量对玻璃打孔器铁基胎体组织争性能的影响，通过显微镜观察了打孔器在凌用后金刚石的脱落情况，结果表明，当铜含量为16％～18％时，铁基胎体对金刚石的把持力优于银含量为14％和20％时，并支现了铁和镍在金刚石表面的明显富集，证明形成了碳化物，改善了胎体对金刚石的润湿性。     

超细W-25Cu粉末在金刚石工具中的应用研究

采用粉料混合、制粒、冷压成形和真空热压烧结法制备样品.利用SEM观察了添加超细W-25Cu合金粉末和W、Cu单质粉末的刀头断口金刚石形貌并进行了EDS分析,研究了烧结温度对添加超细W-25Cu合金粉和添加W、Cu单质粉末的胎体硬度、烧结密度、抗弯强度的影响,并利用SEM、金相和面扫描手段分析了断口形貌、显微组织和主要元素分布.结果表明:添加超细W-25Cu合金粉末的刀头中,金刚石表面形成了含W元素较多的“岛状”晶体物质并形成网状结构,提高了胎体对金刚石的把持力;在试验温度范围内,添加超细W-25Cu合金粉能显著提高胎体的硬度、致密度和元素分布的弥散性,但降低抗弯强度.锯片切割实验表明:添加超细W-25Cu合金粉比添加W、Cu单质粉可提高工具使用寿命约40％,可见添加超细W-25Cu合金粉末确实有利于胎体耐磨性的增加和胎体对金刚石把持力的提高.     

烧结工艺对含W-25％ Cu超细粉末金刚石工具胎体力学性能的影响

将超细W-25％(质量分数,下同)Cu粉末应用到金刚石工具胎体中.借助SEM形貌、金相显微观察、抗弯和冲击试验等分析手段,研究了烧结工艺参数对添加超细W-25％ Cu粉胎体的力学性能的影响;并利用极差分析方法确定影响因素的敏感性,从大到小依次排列为烧结温度、保温时间、保压压力.     

金刚石工具胎体材料中碳化物形成元素的行为

研究了金刚石胎体材料中的碳化物形成元素(Cr,Ti,W)与石墨和金刚石之间的粘结行为。结果表明,碳化物形成元素与石墨或金刚石发生反应而形成碳化物层。通过碳化物层,胎体材料与金刚石之间产生冶金结合。Co基和Cu基胎体材料中加入Cr可提高胎体对金刚石的粘结强度,Cr对Co基胎体本身也有固溶强化作用。W对金刚石有一定粘结作用。     

CuSn15和Fe对无压烧结金刚石工具胎体性能的影响

本文将Fe粉,Cu Sn15液相添加到自行制备的超细合金粉A中通过无压烧结制备金刚石工具的胎体试样块,研究了不同含量的Fe粉,Cu Sn15液相对胎体的相对密度、硬度及抗弯强度的影响。结果表明:在烧结温度为875℃、保温时间为60 min的无压烧结工艺下,添加不同含量的Cu Sn15液相及Fe粉对胎体的烧结力学性能有着重要的影响。含Cu液相的最佳添加量为7%(本文所有含量为质量分数,下同),Fe粉的最佳添加量为10%,此时,胎体的相对密度为98.46%,硬度(HRB)为101.5,抗弯强度为1 103.82 MPa。     

W对自由烧结型铁基金刚石工具胎体性能的影响

以专用于自由烧结型金刚石工具胎体的亚微米级铁基合金粉末为主要结合剂,添加金属W(添加量为0~12%,质量分数),采用自由烧结工艺制成金刚石工具胎体和金刚石/胎体试样,对胎体进行力学性能测试和断口形貌分析,并用金刚石工具进行磨削试验。结果表明,随W含量增加,胎体的相对密度及强度均下降;添加6.0%W可明显提高胎体对金刚石的把持能力,并提高胎体硬度,但随W含量进一步增加,把持能力下降,同时胎体硬度降低;W在胎体内虽然可生成强碳化物,但在自由烧结过程中起不到强化胎体的作用,反而降低胎体的韧性,尤其是当胎体中添加12.0%W时,胎体内孔隙明显,强度大幅下降;与不添加W的胎体相比,添加8.0%W时,虽然金刚石工具的锋利度有所下降,但耐磨性提高。     

热/压耦合下FeCuP半固态微粒对金刚石复合体组织性能的调控北大核心

胎体对金刚石工具性能的影响至关重要,热压温度、压力和时间的变化显著影响金刚石胎体的性能。采用SEM、EDS、硬度检测及弯曲试验等分析测试方法,研究了热压工艺参数对含磷铁基胎体(Fe-Cu-P三元胎体)组织性能的影响。综合分析了胎体的各项性能及实验参数,确定胎体的最佳烧结温度为820℃,最佳烧结压力为30 k N,最佳烧结时间为270 s。     

热/压耦合下FeCuP半固态微粒对金刚石复合体组织性能的调控

胎体对金刚石工具性能的影响至关重要,热压温度、压力和时间的变化显著影响金刚石胎体的性能。采用SEM、EDS、硬度检测及弯曲试验等分析测试方法,研究了热压工艺参数对含磷铁基胎体(Fe-Cu-P三元胎体)组织性能的影响。综合分析了胎体的各项性能及实验参数,确定胎体的最佳烧结温度为820℃,最佳烧结压力为30 k N,最佳烧结时间为270 s。     

铜基预合金粉末制备金刚石锯片的性能研究

采用共沉淀法制备了不同铜铁配比（质量比:45:35、50:30、55:25）的铜基预合金粉末,利用真空热压法烧结得到含金刚石的铜基结合剂刀头,通过激光焊接的方法制备出铜基结合剂金刚石锯片,研究了铜基预合金粉末中铜铁含量（质量分数）对金刚石锯片性能的影响。利用扫描电子显微镜观察锯片断面的显微组织形貌,并测量不同铜铁含量锯片的硬度和磨损量。结果表明:在三种配比中,当铜和铁质量比为50:30时,铜基结合剂与金刚石间的结合最佳,锯片性能最好,硬度最高（HRB 118）,锯片的磨损量最少（1.16 g）。     

Interfacial segregation of Ti in the brazing of diamond grits onto a steel substrate using a Cu-Sn-Ti brazing alloy

Diamond grits were brazed onto a steel substrate using a prealloyed Cu-10Sn-15Ti (wt pct) brazing alloy at 925 °C and 1050 °C. Due to the relatively high concentration of Ti in the brazing alloy, the braze matrix exhibited a composite structure, composed of β-(Cu,Sn), a Cu-based solid solution, and various intermetallic compounds with different morphologies. The reaction of Ti with diamond yielded a continuous TiC layer on the surfaces of the diamond grits. On top of the TiC growth front, an intermetallic compound, composed of Sn and Ti, nucleated and grew into a randomly interwoven fine lacey structure. An interfacial structure developed as the interwoven fine lacey phase was semicoherently bonded to the TiC layer, with the Cu-based braze matrix filling its interstices. The thickness of such a composite layer was increased linearly with the square root of isothermal holding time at 925 °C, complying with the law of a diffusion-controlled process. However, at 1050 °C, the segregation behavior of Ti and Sn to the interfaces between the TiC layer and the braze matrix diminished, due to the increased solubility of Ti in the Cu-based liquid phase. The enhanced dissolution of Ti in the Cu-based liquid phase at 1050 °C also caused the precipitation of rod-like CuTi with an average diameter of about 0.2 μm during cooling. SnTi₃ was the predominant intermetallic compound and existed in three different forms in the braze matrix. It existed as interconnected grains of large size which either floated to the surface of the braze matrix or grew into faceted grains. It also exhibited a nail-like structure with a mean diameter of about 1 μm for the rod section and a lamellar structure arising from a eutectic reaction during cooling.     

金刚石工业用粉末材料的研究与发展

我国人造金刚石及其工具的发展,令世人瞩目。它的发展与粉末冶金息息相关。本文结合作者的研究工作,扼要阐述合成金刚石用的硬质合金顶锤、粉末触媒,制造金刚石工具用的金属胎体粉末在我国金刚石工业中使用现状及发展前景。     

Diamond cutting tools with a Ni<Subscript>3</Subscript>Al matrix processed by reaction pseudo-hipping

Nickel aluminide, Ni₃Al, has high hot strength, which could help overcome the high heat and the interrupted vibrations that diamond cutting tools encounter during operation. Reaction pseudo-hipping, on the other hand, require only a short dwell time at high temperatures, which are detrimental to the diamond grits. Thus, it is promising to combine the unique nickel aluminide with the unique reaction pseudo-hipping process and replace the commonly used cobalt matrix. This study reports for the first time the process and application of reaction-pseudo-hipped Ni₃Al matrix for diamond tools. In this work, mixtures of elemental nickel, aluminum, boron powder, and diamond particles are reaction-pseudo-hipped. Densities greater than 99 pct and mechanical properties comparable to those of the cobalt are attained. With high-grade diamond grits, the tools thus prepared show, under dry cutting conditions, a grinding ratio 118 pct higher than that with the cobalt matrix.     

Effect of cerium on wettability of mechanically milled Cu-based brazing alloy powder

CuSn powders and TiH₂ powders were milled using high energy mechanical milling to prepare Cu-based alloy powders for brazing diamond. And Ce was added to the milled Cu-based alloy powders to improve the wettability. It is found that the wetting angle reaches the minimum value 13.2° and the maximum spreading area 178 mm² is achieved when the amount of Ce is 0.75 wt%. And Ce remarkably reduces the surface tension of liquid alloy, which improves the climbing height along the diamond and forms a massive support profile. And the results show that Ce can effectively improve the transverse rupture strength (TRS) due to high wettability. The wear characteristics of the diamonds brazed with Cu-based alloy containing 0.75 wt% Ce mainly consist of integrity, micro-fracture, fracture and rubdown, diamonds pull-out can not easily happen.     

超硬材料的发展

超硬材料金刚石及立方氮化硼 ,由于其独特的性能 ,近年来在国内外得到蓬勃发展及广泛应用。本文对金刚石、立方氮化硼及其工具的产量、品种、应用及发展特点等作了概述。对今后金刚石、立方氮化硼的有关方面 ,诸如新型超硬材料—类金刚石、硼 碳 氮系化合物的研究开发 ;金刚石工具发展中值得重视的产品—低噪声锯片、绳锯的制备与质量提高 ;金刚石、立方氮化硼工具发展中值得重视的应用部门—复合强化地板材料加工、半导体材料加工、汽车加工业等作了阐述。     

金刚石工具磨损形式的观察与分析

本文对金刚石工具的磨损进行了研究。扫描电镜观测表明，金刚石工具磨损包括轻微磨损和严重磨损两大类。轻微磨损包括金刚石的犁沟磨损、剥层磨损和点蚀磨蚀等形式；严重磨损包括金刚石碎裂磨损、胎体与金刚石界面挤出与离隙和整体脱粒等形式。分析了各种磨损形式产生的原因和机理，指出金刚石工具的出刃高度ｈ随轻微磨损而减小，却随严重磨损而增大。金刚石的严重磨损虽然可以提高磨削效率，但却影响工具的使用寿命。