增容PP/回收PET共混物的力学性能

采用熔融挤出法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/增容剂/回收聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(r-PET)共混物,研究了r-PET、不同增容剂和混合增容剂对PP/r-PET共混物力学性能的影响.r-PET提高了PP的拉伸强度、弯曲强度及其模量,但降低了冲击强度;采用马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)增容,可提高PP/r-PET共混物的拉伸强度、弯曲强度及其模量,但使冲击强度稍有降低;马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE-g-MAH)增容或PP-g-MAH/POE-g-MAH混合增容可提高PP/r-PET共混物的冲击强度,且对共混物的拉伸和弯曲强度影响不大.     

增容剂对PP/r-PET共混体系结构与性能影响

采用熔融接枝法制备了聚丙烯(PP)接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝物(PP-g-GMA)和聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐接枝物(PP-g-MAH),并用PP-g-GMA和PP-g-MAH作为PP/回收聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PP/r-PET)共混体系(质量份之比100/12)的增容剂。通过对共混体系进行分析,研究了PP-g-GMA和PP-g-MAH对PP/r-PET共混体系结构与性能的影响。结果表明:成功制备了PP-g-GMA和PP-g-MAH;PP-g-GMA的MFR(熔体流动速度)低于PP-g-MAH的;PP-g-GMA质量份为6份时,共混体系的拉伸强度和冲击强度较未增容体系提高了54.8%和21.8%,增强与增韧效果较明显;当PP-g-MAH质量份为6份时,共混体系的拉伸强度提高了52.1%,但冲击强度稍有降低;PP-g-GMA使得r-PET在PP中分布更均匀。     

PP-g-Si对PP/GF的增容效果研究

制备了硅烷接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-Si),研究了PP-g-Si作为PP/GF体系的界面相容剂对界面结合和力学性能的影响,并与马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)的增容效果进行了比较。结果表明,PP-g-Si对PP/GF体系有增容作用,PP-g-Si不仅可以改善PP/GF复合体系的拉伸强度,而且可以改善PP/GF复合体系的韧性;PP-g-Si的增容效果优于PP-g-MAH。     

反应增容聚丙烯/废胶粉共混物的研究

按一定的次序将单体二乙烯基苯(DVB)、马来酸酐(MAH)、引发剂过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)与聚丙烯(PP)及废胶粉(WRP)等在高速混合机中混合均匀后.在双螺杆挤出机中就地反应增容制备PP/WRP共混材料,讨论了DVB/MAH/DCP的用量对PP/WRP共混物的拉伸强度、缺口冲击强度以及弯曲强度的影响.通过扫描电镜(SEM)分析了反应增容对PP/WRP共混物界面的影响.结果表明,双单体反应增容能有效抑制PP降解,改善共混物界面相容性.提高共混物的力学性能.当引发剂和双单体的质量分数分别为0.2%和3.0%,DVB/MAH的质量比为3～4时,PP/WRP共混物的综合性能最佳.     

UHMWPE/PP/PP基无机填料母粒复合材料的制备及表征

研究自制的PP基增强母粒对UHMWPE/PP共混体系的增韧、增强作用,并通过力学性能测试及扫描电子显微镜研究其增韧、增强效果.结果表明,PP基玻璃纤维(GF)母粒对UHMWPE/PP共混体系的增韧、增强作用优于添加增容剂聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)、GF的简单混合方法,这是因为前者试样中GF与UHMWPE/PP共混体系界面粘结的牢固程度大于后者.UHMWPE/PP共混体系中加入PP基纳米CaCO3母粒能够同时起到增强和增韧的作用.     

增容剂种类对PLA/PCL共混体系性能影响的研究

采用熔融共混法制备了PLA/PCL(聚乳酸/聚己内酯)共混母粒,并选用甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)与L-赖氨酸三异氰酸酯(LTI)作为PLA/PCL体系的增容剂。研究选取合适的增容剂用量并探究了两种增容剂对PLA/PCL体系熔体流动速率、力学性能以及热性能的影响。PLA/PCL共混母粒的力学性能表明,PCL的加入会增加体系的断裂伸长率,提升体系的冲击强度。而以GMA作为增容剂的共混体系造成的强度下降更少。DSC数据表明,GMA和LTI对PLA/PCL共混体系均有增容效果。而GMA对Tg、Tc的减小程度更明显,说明GMA的增容效果更好。PLA/PCL共混母粒FTIR谱图表明共混体系制备成功。SEM分析表明,PLA/PCL/GMA纤维相界面更为平整,进一步证明了GMA的增容效果更明显。     

不同增容剂对聚酰胺1010/聚丙烯共混物的增容作用研究

采用熔体共混的方法制备了三种增容剂增容的聚酰胺1010/聚丙烯（PA1010/PP）共混物,通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、力学性能和差示扫描量热（DSC）测试,对马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物（POE-g-MAH）、马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯（PP-g-MAH）和乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯共聚物（PTW）对PA1010/PP共混物的增容作用进行了比较研究。结果表明,和非增容体系相比,PP-g-MAH、POE-g-MAH和PTW的拉伸强度分别是非增容体系的125 %、89 %和94 %,冲击强度分别是非增容体系的140 %、200 %和200 %,PTW具有较好的增容效果。     

ATBN/MP复合增容NBR/PP热塑性硫化胶

研究了端氨基液体丁腈橡胶(ATBN)和马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(MP)对NBR／PP共混体系的增容效果。采用TEM,SEM,DSC分析了NBR／PP共混体系的相态结构及其PP的结晶行为。结果表明,ATBN／MP是NBR／PP共混体系较理想的增容剂,当ATBN用量为5份,MP为10份时,增容效果最佳;增容剂存在一个临界胶束浓度(CMC),当增容剂浓度大于CMC时,增客剂的增容作用变差。增容良好的NBR／PP共混体系经过动态硫化后,可制备相态结构精细、性能优异的NBR／PP热塑性硫化胶;界面结合加强后,其流动性能略有下降。     

增容剂对PBT/PP共混物结构性能的影响

以乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯共聚物接枝马来酸酐(EVA-g-MAH)、乙烯/辛烯共聚物接枝马来酸酐(POE-g-MAH)为增容剂,采用熔融共混法制备了不同组成比例的PBT/PP共混物,通过DSC、TG、XRD、SEM等多种手段测试了共混物的性能,详细研究PBT/PP质量比、增容剂种类和用量对共混物结构性能的影响。结果表明:PBT/PP的质量比为70/30时,所得共混物的微观形貌最好;加入2种增容剂增容后发现,EVA-g-MAH对PBT/PP共混物相容性的改善效果比POE-g-MAH的增容效果好,并且PBT/PP/EVA-g-MAH的质量比为70/30/3时共混体系相容性最好。     

马来酸酐化增容剂对PP/PET共混物性能的影响

采用熔融共混法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)共混物,研究了马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)和马来酸酐接枝乙烯/辛烯共聚物(POE-g-MAH)作为增容剂对共混物力学性能和非等温结晶行为的影响。结果表明:PP-g-MAH提高了共混体系的拉伸强度,加入POE-g-MAH则显著提高共混物的断裂伸长率;当PP∶PET∶增容剂质量比为80∶20∶5时,共混体系的力学性能较好;PET起到异相成核的作用,使PP的结晶峰温升高,半结晶时间缩短;加入增容剂,使PP的结晶峰温降低,半结晶时间延长。     

玄武岩纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料性能研究

以聚丙烯(PP)树脂为基体,加入玄武岩纤维(BF)和相关助剂,通过双螺杆挤出机熔融共混制得相应复合材料。考查相容剂对PP/BF复合材料性能影响、对PP/BF复合材料和PP/玻璃纤维(GF)复合材料力学性能、微观形貌和耐热氧老化等性能进行对比。通过实验数据分析,加入相容剂后,拉伸强度提高126.8%,弯曲强度提高223.8%,弯曲弹性模量提高119.9%,悬臂梁缺口冲击强度提高223.2%。在同样质量配比下,PP/BF复合材料较PP/GF复合材料拉伸强度提高9.8%,弯曲强度提高11.0%,弯曲弹性模量提高5.8%,悬臂梁缺口冲击强度降低10.7%。从微观电镜分析,加入相容剂可明显改善纤维与PP基材界面浸润程度。另外,BF比GF更易使复合材料老化,常规热氧老化剂1010和168对纤维增强PP类材料耐老化效果并不好,用等量自制热氧老化剂可解决此问题。     

增容剂对PP/回收PET共混物性能的影响

采用熔融共混的方法,制备了聚丙烯(PP)/回收聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(r-PET)共混物,研究了增容剂甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-GMA)对共混物力学性能、热稳定性的影响。结果表明:增容剂的加入能提高共混物的拉伸强度和拉伸模量;加入增容剂能显著提高共混物的热分解温度,增容剂使r-PET的熔点降低;增容剂对PP的结晶性能影响与熔融温度有关。     

玻纤毡增强聚丙烯复合材料的增容及力学性能

通过玻璃纤维(GF)毡与双螺杆挤出相容剂改性聚丙烯(PP)膜的多层叠合,以熔融浸渍法制得PP基GF毡增强热塑性塑料(GMT)复合材料,研究了相容剂PP接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)和PP接枝丙烯酸(PP-g-AA)的用量(为PP基体质量的百分数)及其复配改性,以及相容剂改性PP基体分布和毡体种类对GMT力学性能的影响。结果表明,PPg-MAH可明显提高GMT的拉伸与弯曲性能,但降低了冲击性能;PP-g-AA可明显提高GMT的冲击性能,但不利于拉伸与弯曲性能的提高,只有当PP-g-AA用量超过5%后,拉伸性能才有所提升。在PP-g-MAH用量为3%的条件下,将其与不同用量的PP-g-AA进行复配改性没有对GMT力学性能产生协同作用。在各相容剂用量相近(3%~3.5%)的情况下,与相容剂复配改性GMT相比,以两层PP-g-AA改性PP为芯层、PP-g-MAH改性PP为上下表面层作为改性基体分布时,GMT拉伸与弯曲强度分别提高17%和27%、缺口冲击强度提高48%;而以两层PP-g-MAH改性PP为芯层、PP-g-AA改性PP为上下表面层作为改性基体分布时,在不损失强度与刚性的同时,缺口冲击强度提高了88%。采用连续GF毡的GMT力学性能比采用短切GF毡的GMT高,尤其是缺口冲击强度提高了89.6%。     

Compatibilizers based on polypropylene grafted with itaconic acid derivatives. Effect on polypropylene/polyethylene terephthalate blends

New types of compatibilizers based on functionalized polypropylene (PP) were synthesized by radical melt grafting either with monomethyl itaconate or dimethyl itaconate. The effect of these new modified PP compounds were tested as compatibilizers in PP/polyethylene terephthalate (PET) blends. Blends with compositions 15/85 and 30/70 by weight of PP and PET were prepared in a single‐screw extruder. Morphology of the compatibilized blends revealed a very fine and uniform dispersion of the PP phase as compared with that of noncompatibilized blends of the same composition, leading to improved adhesion between the two phases. Whereas dimethyl itaconate derived agent showed less activity, the monomethyl itaconate parent compound showed an increase of the impact resistance of PET in PP/PET blend. This was attributed to the hydrophilic nature of the monomethyl itaconate part of this compatibilizer. The tensile strength of PET in noncompatibilized blends gradually decreases as the PP content increases, while blends containing functionalized PP exhibited higher values.     

增容剂对PP/PP-g-MAH/CaCO_3复合材料性能与形态的影响

采用熔融混合法制备了PP/PP-g-MAH/CaCO3复合材料,并利用万能试验机、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析了PP-g-MAH含量对PP/PP-g-MAH/CaCO3复合材料力学性能、结晶性能与界面形态的影响。结果表明:随着增容剂PP-g-MAH含量的增加,PP/PP-g-MAH/CaCO3复合材料的拉伸强度从25.7 MPa增加到32.0 MPa,弯曲强度从34.7 MPa增大到41.2 MPa;结晶温度则先增大后逐渐减小,当PP-g-MAH含量为2%时结,晶温度为123.9℃,结晶度为44.7%;而断裂伸长率和冲击强度逐渐减小。     

Phase morphology,thermomechanical, and crystallization behavior of uncompatibilized and PP‐g‐MAH compatibilized polypropylene/polystyrene blends

In this article, we discuss the phase morphology, thermal, mechanical, and crystallization properties of uncompatibilized and compatibilized polypropylene/polystyrene (PP/PS) blends. It is observed that the Young's modulus increases, but other mechanical properties such as tensile strength, flexural strength, elongation at break, and impact strength decrease by blending PS to PP. The tensile strength and Young's modulus of PP/PS blends were compared with various theoretical models. The thermal stability, melting, and crystallization temperatures and percentage crystallinity of semicrystalline PP in the blends were marginally decreased by the addition of amorphous PS. The presence of maleic anhydride‐grafted polypropylene (compatibilizer) increases the phase stability of 90/10 and 80/20 blends by preventing the coalescence. Hence, finer and more uniform droplets of PS dispersed phases are observed. The compatibilizer induced some improvement in impact strength for the blends with PP matrix phase, however fluctuations in modulus, strength and ductility were observed with respect to the uncompatibilized blend. The thermal stability was not much affected by the addition of the compatibilizer for the PP rich blends but shows some decrease in the thermal stability of the blends, where PS forms the matrix. On the other hand, the % crystallinity was increased by the addition of compatibilizer, irrespective of the blend concentration. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42100.     

低气味低VOC玻纤增强聚丙烯材料的研制

以聚丙烯(PP)树脂为基体,PP接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)为相容剂,纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛为复合气味吸收剂,经双螺杆挤出机制备了玻璃纤维(GF)增强PP材料,并分别研究了各组分对材料力学性能和气味等级的影响。结果表明,相容剂PP-g-MAH为GF增强PP材料气味的主要来源,在提高气味等级方面,选用相容剂时,固相接枝工艺比熔融接枝工艺的好,且接枝率不宜太高。在选用PP粒料、接枝率为1.2%的固相接枝PP-g-MAH以及纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛复合气味吸收剂的基础上,制备了低气味和低挥发性有机化合物的GF增强PP材料,其拉伸强度为62 MPa,弯曲强度为76 MPa,缺口冲击强度为8.5 k J/m~2,由其制备的汽车空调电机风扇叶轮产品的气味等级达到了Q/JLY J711061–2009标准的7级要求。     

相容剂和加工工艺对PA1010/PP共混体系形态和力学性能的影响

以马来酸酐（MAH）和苯乙烯（St）多单体熔融接枝聚丙烯[PP-g-(MAH-co-St）]为相容剂,制备了聚酰胺10101/聚丙烯（PA1010/PP）共混体系。用毛细管流变仪、扫描电子显微镜、力学性能测试等方法研究了和加工工艺相容剂对PA1010/PP共混体系的形态和力学性能的影响。结果表明,相容剂PP-g-(MAH-co-St)有效降低了PA1010/PP共混体系的熔体流动速率;该共混体系熔体属于假塑性流体,熔体黏度随PP-g-(MAH-co-St)含量的增加逐渐增大;随着相容剂含量的增加,PA1010/PP共混体系中分散相PP的粒径逐步减小,力学性能得到改善,PA1010/PP/PP-g-(MAH-co-St)为70/25/5和70/20/10的共混体系的拉伸强度分别比PA1010/PP (70/30)共混体系提高了55.0 %和61.9 %,冲击强度分别提高了61.0 %和129.7 %;剪切速率为706.5 s-1时出现熔体破裂现象,剪切速率为5002.65 s-1时出现严重熔体破裂。     

ABS/SMA/GF复合材料的制备及性能

以丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)及玻璃纤维(GF)为原料,以苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)作为界面相容剂,研究界面相容剂对玻璃纤维增强ABS复合材料力学性能及界面粘接的影响.结果表明:加入SMA玻纤增强ABS复合材料的力学性能明显提高;随着玻纤质量分数增加,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度均逐渐增加,冲击强度下降.     

An investigation on the influence of filler loading and compatibilizer on the properties of polypropylene/marble sludge composites

In this article, polypropylene reinforced marble sludge (PP/MS) was prepared, and the effects of MS loading and polypropylene-g-maliec anhydride (PP-g-MAH) as compatibilizer on density, melt flow index (MFI), and mechanical properties of PP/MS composite were investigated. Our studies show that tensile strength, flexural strength and tensile modulus increased with increasing the MS loading but tensile strength increased till 30 pph of MS further addition of MS in PP composites decreased the strength. The % elongation at break and Izod Impact Strength decreased with increasing of MS loading. Studies revealed that PP/MS composites containing PP-g-MAH enhance the properties compared to without compatibilizer.