基于Fluent的油井井下发电机叶轮的仿真设计

叶轮是叶片式机械中直接进行能量转换的部件,是叶片式流体机械的心脏,合理的叶片形状对叶轮的水力性能、空蚀性能、工作稳定性能及适应井下工作状况的能力有着直接的影响.根据石油井下特殊情况,引入了发电叶轮的设计模型,生成3种不同叶形的叶轮,并利用Fluent软件对3种叶轮进行对比分析,获得水力性能最优的叶轮.     

前置轴流叶轮对离心泵汽蚀性能的影响

随着离心泵向高转速化发展,离心泵的汽蚀性能成为其稳定运行的重要因素。本研究在离心轮前安装一种特殊的轴流式叶轮以提高离心泵的抗汽蚀性能。轴流式叶轮的水力设计采用升力法,设计完成后用PUMPLINX软件对装有轴流式叶轮的离心泵进行数值模拟,模拟结果表明:装有轴流式叶轮的离心泵其性能参数符合设计要求,且临界汽蚀余量显著降低到安全范围内。最后对此泵做性能试验和汽蚀试验,试验后把试验结果与装有常规诱导轮的离心泵的试验结果进行对比,结果表明,在此次研究中,装有轴流式叶轮做诱导轮的离心泵其性能与汽蚀特性均符合设计要求,并且很好地改善了装有常规诱导轮的离心泵此前在结构上的问题。     

叶轮参数对FBS105型轴流式通风机振动噪声的影响分析

针对现有井下FBS105型轴流式通风机设备性能以及可靠性受到井下恶劣环境的影响,不能发挥其最佳性能,存在安全风险,同时轴流式通风机在运转的过程产生的噪音,严重影响作业人员的听力的问题,对通风机叶轮参数进行优化设计,并对叶轮优化前后的参数进行了对比.实践应用表明,优化后的叶轮可有效降低通风机噪音,达到了预期目标.     

顺丁橡胶装置碱洗系统碱液循环泵叶轮失效研究

本文首先简要介绍碱液循环泵的结构及工作原理;然后,以顺丁橡胶装置碱洗系统碱液循环泵为研究对象,通过实证分析法,对碱液循环泵在停机检修过程中存在的叶轮失效问题进行研究,以多种方法综合分析叶轮失效的原因;最后,根据碱液循环泵叶轮失效的性质,从提高泵体抗空蚀性能、提高叶轮本身抗空蚀性能等方面提出具体的建议。     

疏水泵叶轮的优化设计

巴基斯坦卡拉奇K2K3项目用疏水泵MSR450-60在试验过程中,出现性能试验不达标的现象。水泵设计汲取了多年的经验,应用成熟结构。采用凡方泵水力设计软件和三维建模等现代设计方法,对疏水泵叶轮进行优化设计、Fluent仿真模拟,分析设计点流量下叶轮出口速度、压力分布的状态等特性,优化了泵的水力性能。     

轴流式通风机叶片断裂原理分析及结构优化研究

针对通风机在复杂工作环境中高速运行时易出现叶片断裂的情况,通过对某型轴流式通风机结构进行仿真分析,确定了其断裂的主要原因在于叶轮结构不合理导致运行时叶片根部应力过大,针对性地提出了叶片结构优化措施.根据试验验证,优化后风机叶轮的质量降低了 19.6％,工作时的噪声将了 2.29 dB,极大地提升了通风机工作时的稳定性和可靠性.     

多翼离心风机叶轮的正交设计与试验分析

风机叶轮是吸油烟机的核心部件,每次吸油烟机的更新换代都离不开多翼风机叶轮结构改型,因而对叶轮结构参数的优化对吸油烟机的风量、风压等性能指标的改善提升有着重要意义。本文利用CFD方法结合正交表对吸油烟机用多翼叶离心风机叶轮的关键参数进行优化,计算了多个工况点的值,并且将仿真结果与试验结果进行了对比,验证了模型的可靠性,为后续方案改进评估提供依据,随后以全压为优化目标,选定叶轮4个关键参数,并利用正交法生成了叶轮参数组合,通过仿真计算及对结果的极差法分析,得出了相对最优组合,绘制了P-Q曲线,并且加工了优化前后的实物叶轮,进行了风量风压测试,测试结果与仿真结果趋势一致,整体性能数据比较吻合,达到了既定的优化目标,同时验证了仿真结果的可靠性。本研究方法可快速准确获得最优方案,对类似产品的设计具有借鉴意义。     

液压马达能量回收系统操作性能研究

针对液压挖掘机配置混合动力系统后具备电池/电容的特点,分析了由液压马达和发电机组成的基本能量回收系统的基本结构和工作原理,对能量回收系统进行了数学建模与控制特性的理论分析,并建立了基于AMESim和MATLAB的联合仿真模型,分析了管道长度、液压马达-发电机转动惯量、发电机控制参数等对系统操作性能的影响。基于实验平台完成了能量回收系统的操作性能研究。     

ACP 1000三代核电常规岛主给水泵内部流动数值模拟与优化

以第三代核电ACP 1000常规岛主给水泵为研究对象,建立双吸叶轮流场三维模型。基于CFD数值模拟方法,采用标准k-ε湍流模型和可升级壁面函数法对其进行三维定常湍流计算。以叶轮前盖板流线为优化参数,基于Bezier函数型流线设计方法对叶轮前盖板提出了优化设计方案。通过比较叶轮内流场增压特性及水力特性曲线,结果表明,优化后的方案具有高扬程、高效率的特点,获得的性能参数满足ACP 1000核电机组常规岛主给水泵性能要求。     

轴流式涡轮发电机的转速分析

针对轴流式专用涡轮发电机转子转速分析。提出一种新的设计思路;在涡轮转子叶栅结构满足无冲击流动的基础之上,分析了涡轮发电机转动力矩、转速与排量之间的关系。为轴流式涡轮发电机的性能预测和结构优化设计提供了依据。     

Cavitation optimization for a centrifugal pump impeller by using orthogonal design of experiment

Cavitation is one of the most important performance of centrifugal pumps. However, the current optimization works of centrifugal pump are mostly focusing on hydraulic efficiency only, which may result in poor cavitation performance. Therefore, it is necessary to find an appropriate solution to improve cavitation performance with acceptable efficiency. In this paper, to improve the cavitation performance of a centrifugal pump with a vaned diffuser, the influence of impeller geometric parameters on the cavitation of the pump is investigated using the orthogonal design of experiment(DOE) based on computational fluid dynamics. The impeller inlet diameter D_1, inlet incidence angle Δβ, and blade wrap angle φ are selected as the main impeller geometric parameters and the orthogonal experiment of L_9(3*3) is performed. Three-dimensional steady simulations for cavitation are conducted by using constant gas mass fraction model with second-order upwind, and the predicated cavitation performance is validated by laboratory experiment. The optimization results are obtained by the range analysis method to improve cavitation performance without obvious decreasing the efficiency of the centrifugal pump. The internal flow of the pump is analyzed in order to identify the flow behavior that can affect cavitation performance. The results show that D_1 has the greatest influence on the pump cavitation and the final optimized impeller provides better flow distribution at blade leading edge. The final optimized impeller accomplishes better cavitation and hydraulic performance and the NPSHR decreases by 0.63 m compared with the original one. The presented work supplies a feasible route in engineering practice to optimize a centrifugal pump impeller for better cavitation performance.     

Structure influence on the operating limit range and mixing performance of non-axisymmetric jet pump

Although cavitation chocked jet pumps guarantee a steady and accurate liquid mixture, the existing pumps have the shortcomings of big energy loss and small cavitation working range. In the current study, aiming at enhancing the performance of the cavitation mixing devices, an innovative non-axisymmetric jet pump design is proposed. The cavitation characteristics and the mixing performance of the new design have been investigated by both computational simulation and experimental testing. Based on the results of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), it is found that the cavitation on the suction tube side is strengthened due to the turbulence caused by the abrupt change in the local flow channel structure, while the cavitation on the opposite side is weakened due to the gradual flow channel structure. Our experimental testing results prove that our new design can provide a steady mixing ratio as long as the non-axisymmetric vapor cloud steadily covers the suction tube outlet. Furthermore, geometric parameters (convergent angle, divergent angle, throat length and area ratio) of the device have been optimized through the orthogonal analysis. The critical pressure ratio of the optimized device ranges from 0.76 to 0.63 when the critical flow ratio is in the range of 0–10%, which indicates that the optimized device has much less energy loss and a wider working range than the current axisymmetric cavitating jet pumps. Through quantitative energy loss analysis, we have found that the cavitation maintenance corresponds to the greatest energy loss in the jet pumps, yet our non-axisymmetric structure design could effectively reduces energy loss. The current research reveals the physical mechanism on how a non-axisymmetric structure affects the cavitation characteristics as well as the performance of jet pumps.     

Effects of Blade Number on Characteristics of Centrifugal Pumps

The blade number of impeller is an important design parameter of pumps,which affects the characteristics of pump heavily.At present,the investigation focuses mostly on the performance characteristics of axis flow pumps,the influence of blade number on inner flow filed and characteristics of centrifugal pump has not been understood completely.Therefore,the methods of numerical simulation and experimental verification are used to investigate the effects of blade number on flow field and characteristics of a centrifugal pump.The model pump has a design specific speed of 92.7 and an impeller with 5 blades.The blade number is varied to 4,6,7 with the casing and other geometric parameters keep constant.The inner flow fields and characteristics of the centrifugal pumps with different blade number are simulated and predicted in non-cavitation and cavitation conditions by using commercial code FLUENT.The impellers with different blade number are made by using rapid prototyping,and their characteristics are tested in an open loop.The comparison between prediction values and experimental results indicates that the prediction results are satisfied.The maximum discrepancy of prediction results for head,efficiency and required net positive suction head are 4.83%,3.9% and 0.36 m,respectively.The flow analysis displays that blade number change has an important effect on the area of low pressure region behind the blade inlet and jet-wake structure in impellers.With the increase of blade number,the head of the model pumps increases too,the variable regulation of efficiency and cavitation characteristics are complicated,but there are optimum values of blade number for each one.The research results are helpful for hydraulic design of centrifugal pump.     

Impeller inlet geometry effect on performance improvement for centrifugal pumps

This research treats the effect of impeller inlet geometry on performance improvement for a boiler feed pump, who is a centrifugal pump having specific speed of 183 m·m³min⁻¹·min⁻¹ and close type impeller with exit diameter of 450 mm. The hydraulic performance and cavitation performance of the pump have been tested experimentally. In order to improve the pump, five impellers have been considered by extending the blade leading edge or applying much larger blade angle at impeller inlet compared with the original impeller. The 3-D turbulent flow inside those pumps has been analyzed basing on RNG k-ɛ turbulence model and VOF cavitation model. It is noted that the numerical results are fairly good compared with the experiments. Based on the experimental test and numerical simulation, the following conclusions can be drawn: (1) Impeller inlet geometry has important influence on performance improvement in the case of centrifugal pump. Favorite effects on performance improvement have been achieved by both extending the blade leading edge and applying much larger blade angle at impeller inlet; (2) It is suspected that the extended leading edge have favorite effect for improving hydraulic performance, and the much larger blade angle at impeller inlet have favorite effect for improving cavitation performance for the test pump; (3) Uniform flow upstream of impeller inlet is helpful for improving cavitation performance of the pump. This paper was presented at the 9^th Asian International Conference on Fluid Machinery (AICFM9), Jeju, Korea, October 16–19, 2007.     

大型电站子午加速轴流通风机逆向工程设计

本文研究对象是某大型火电站国外进口的子午加速轴流引风机。首先应用光学j维扫描仪测量系统对叶片严重磨损的轴流通风机叶轮进行了扫描测绘;然后采用逆向工程方法,建立了原型（磨损）轴流通风机叶片的三维曲面模型;依据曲面模型及叶片实际的磨损情况,提取和推断出叶片的原始设计思想和参数,并对叶片叶型进行了重新设计,建立了风机叶轮的完整三维实体模型;最后,对重新造型的轴流通风机的内部流场进行数值模拟,预测通风机的气动性能并得到了轴流通风机的性能曲线。计算结果表明,在较宽的流量范围内,轴流通风机内的流动稳定,效率较高,气动性能完全达到设计要求。     

叶片进口修缘对离心泵汽蚀性能影响的数值计算与试验研究

为了改善离心泵的汽蚀性能,根据经验,确定了两种叶片进口修缘形式。首先通过原型泵的外特性试验,确定了能量性能和汽蚀性能曲线。基于完整空化模型和混合流体两相流模型,对原型泵运行工况下叶轮内空化流动进行全流道数值计算。预测得到原型泵能量性能和汽蚀性能曲线,与试验曲线吻合良好;同时得到汽蚀发生过程中叶轮流道内空化发展的静态特征,与理论相符。故采用相同的数值分析方法对两种叶片进口修缘后的叶轮进行分析,分析表明：进口修缘后泵的汽蚀性能得到了提高,叶片进口工作面修缘形状越接近流线型,泵的汽蚀性能越好。对较好修缘形式的泵进行试验,得到其能量性能曲线和汽蚀性能曲线,数值分析与试验研究的曲线吻合,修缘后泵的临界汽蚀余量得到改善。研究结果对离心泵汽蚀改善的方法具有一定的指导意义。     

Analysis of blade structure impact on turbine flow sensor performance

The impeller blade structure is one of the important factors affecting the performance of the turbine flow sensor. However, the underlying fluid dynamics mechanism is still not fully understood. The DN10 turbine flow sensor's internal flow field was analyzed based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to explain the influence mechanism of blade structure on its performance. The experiment proves that the simulation method is reliable. The structural parameter η, which characterizes the shape of the impeller blade, was defined, and four turbine flow sensor structures were studied. The results suggested that the value of η affects the stability of the impeller's fluid dynamics characteristics, the velocity distribution at the impeller inlet, and the acting position and time of the wake flow behind the upstream flow conditioner. Therefore, the structural parameter influents the performance of the turbine flow sensor. With the increase of η, the characteristic curve gradually moves down, the average meter factor decreases, and the linearity error increases.     

基于轴流泵间隙流动的新水力设计方法

轴流泵叶轮轮毂与轮缘处间隙流动及边界层对轴流泵性能的影响很大,应用Numeca及Flu-ent等软件对轴流泵叶轮轮缘间隙中的流动进行数值模拟,根据流动模拟结果对叶轮叶片型线及轮毂、轮缘处的叶型设计进行修正,使其速度-压力分布比较理想,并提出了基于间隙流动的轴流泵水力设计方法,这种新的水力设计方法有利于改进轮缘和轮毂处边界层以及轮缘间隙中的流动,达到提高轴流泵效率的目的。     

航空燃油离心泵抗汽蚀优化设计及仿真

针对航空燃油离心泵工作时出现的汽蚀问题,采用正交试验法对离心泵叶轮进行优化设计.选取叶轮出口直径D2、叶轮出口宽度b2、叶片数Z、叶片厚度H为正交试验的4个因素,完成了正交试验并对试验结果进行极差分析,得到了以泵汽蚀余量为优化指标的影响排序,并最终获得最优参数组合.通过流场仿真对现用离心泵和优化后离心泵的泵汽蚀余量和蒸...