超细晶粉末冶金CoCrFeMnNiGd0.15高熵合金的组织性能

采用机械合金化和放电等离子烧结的方法制备出超细晶CoCrFeMnNiGd_0.15合金,研究了CoCrFeMnNiGd_0.15高熵合金的组织与性能。结果表明,其组织为多相结构,基体为FCC固溶体相,析出相为稀土氧化物(Gd₂O₃)和富Gd、Ni、Mn的四方结构相。随着烧结温度的提高,析出相的含量不断增加且尺寸不断增大,合金的压缩屈服强度不断下降而塑性则不断上升。在900℃烧结时材料具有最优的综合力学性能,其压缩屈服强度(σ_0.2)、抗压强度(σ_max)、断裂时的塑性应变(ε_p)和维氏硬度分别达到1662 MPa、2518 MPa、30.6%和458 Hv。     

Soft-Magnetic High-Entropy AlCoFeMnNi Alloys with Dual-Phase Microstructures Induced by Annealing

The simultaneous enhancement of magnetic and mechanical properties is desirable but challenging for soft-magnetic materials.A fabrication strategy to meet this requirement is therefore in high demand.Herein,bulk equiatomic dual-phase AlCoFeMnNi high-entropy alloys were fabricated via a magnetic levitation induction melting and casting process followed by annealing at 700-1000℃,and their microstructures as well as mechanical and magnetic properties were investigated.The as-cast alloy possessed a single metastable B2-ordered solid solution that decomposed upon annealing into a dual-phase structure comprising an Al-and Ni-rich body-centered cubic(BCC) matrix and Fe-and Mn-rich face-centered cubic(FCC)precipitates both in the grain interior and along the grain boundaries.The magnetic and mechanical properties were closely related to the relative volume fraction of FCC in the alloy.The FCC volume fraction could be increased by increasing the annealing temperature,thereby offering tunable properties.The optimal annealing temperature for balanced magnetic and mechanical properties was found to be 800℃.The alloy annealed at this temperature had an average BCC grain size of 12±3μm and FCC volume fraction of 41±4%.Correspondingly,the s aturation magnetization and coercivity reached 82.57 Am~2/kg and 433 A/m,respectively.The compressive yield strength and fracture strength were 1022 and 2539 MPa,respectively,and the plasticity was 33%.Owing to its adjustable microstructure and properties,the AlCoFeMnNi alloy has potential for use as a multi-functional soft-magnetic material.     

双步球磨和放电等离子烧结TiAl基合金的显微组织和力学性能(英文)

采用双步球磨法和放电等离子烧结技术制备细晶Ti-45Al-2Cr-2Nb-1B-0.5Ta-0.225Y(摩尔分数,%)合金,并研究烧结温度、显微组织和力学性能之间的关系。结果表明:双步球磨粉末的颗粒形状较规则,其颗粒尺寸为20～40μm,主要由TiAl和Ti3Al相组成。放电等离子烧结后的块体由主相TiAl、少量的Ti3Al相及Ti2Al和TiB2相组成。当烧结温度为900°C时,烧结块体获得的主要组织是等轴晶组织,等轴晶粒尺寸大多数在100~200nm的范围内,合金的压缩断裂强度为2769MPa,压缩率为11.69%,抗弯强度为781MPa;当烧结温度为1000°C时,等轴晶粒明显长大,TiB2相明显增多,合金的压缩断裂强度为2669MPa,压缩率为17.76%,抗弯强度为652MPa。随着烧结温度的升高,合金的维氏硬度由658降低到616。压缩断口形貌分析表明,合金的断裂方式为沿晶断裂。     

不同SPS烧结温度Ti-45Al-5.5(Cr,Nb,B,Ta)合金的显微组织及力学性能(英文)

采用高能球磨和放电等离子烧结(SPS)技术,制备成分为Ti-45Al-5.5(Cr,Nb,B,Ta)的TiAl合金块体,随后对TiAl合金进行热处理。研究在不同SPS烧结温度下制备的TiAl合金经过热处理后的显微组织和力学性能。结果表明:高能球磨后的合金粉末形状不规则,粉末颗粒尺寸大约为几十微米。XRD分析表明,机械球磨后的粉末由TiAl和Ti3Al两相组成;烧结后的Ti-45Al-5.5(Cr,Nb,B,Ta)合金块体主要是TiAl相,以及少量的Ti3Al和TiB2相。当烧结温度为900°C和1000°C时,合金的显微组织为双相结构,并伴随有一些细小的等轴γ晶粒和细小的针状TiB2相。当烧结温度从900°C上升到1000°C时,Ti-45Al-5.5(Cr,Nb,B,Ta)合金的显微硬度变化不大,抗压强度从1812MPa提高到2275MPa,压缩率从22.66%增加到25.59%,合金的断裂方式为穿晶断裂。     

放电等离子烧结Ti-43Al-9V合金显微组织和力学性能(英文)

采用机械合金化和放电等离子烧结工艺制备细晶Ti-43Al-9V合金,研究不同烧结温度与显微组织和力学性能之间的关系。结果表明:机械球磨后粉末形状规则,尺寸在5～30μm之间,烧结所得块体材料主要由γ-TiAl、α2-Ti3Al和少量B2相组成。烧结温度为1150°C时,获得的等轴晶粒尺寸为300nm～1μm。烧结温度升高到1250°C时,等轴晶粒的尺寸明显增大,显微硬度从HV592降低到HV535,抗弯强度从605降低到219MPa,压缩断裂强度从2601降低到1905MPa,压缩率从28.95%降低到12.09%。     

Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behavior of Multi-Microalloying Mg Alloys Prepared by Adding AlCoCrFeNi Alloy

In this work, a series of multi-microalloying Mg alloys with a high degradation rate and high strength was prepared by adding AlCoCrFeNi HEA particles to the Mg melt followed by hot extrusion. The microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of the alloys were studied, meanwhile, the corrosion properties were evaluated by immersion weight loss and electrochemical tests. Results indicated that HEA particles in the Mg melt were decomposed and formed the Ni-rich phase,which was distributed un...     

退火处理对3D打印CoCrFeMnNi高熵合金组织和性能的影响

采用选区激光熔化(SLM)工艺制备了等原子比CoCrFeMnNi高熵合金,并对试验合金分别进行了650 ℃×1 h和900 ℃×1 h的退火处理。结合微观组织分析、拉伸性能分析和断裂特征分析,研究了退火工艺对SLM制备的CoCrFeMnNi高熵合金组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:打印态试样屈服强度、抗拉强度和伸长率分别为672 MPa、751 MPa和34.3%。650 ℃×1 h退火处理后,屈服强度、抗拉强度和伸长率略微降低,分别为583 MPa、718 MPa和33.5%。900 ℃×1 h退火处理后屈服强度和抗拉强度分别降低至494 MPa和707 MPa,伸长率提高至46.6%。断口呈典型的韧窝特征,变形机制均为纳米孪生。     

放电等离子烧结-热变形各向异性Nd-Fe-B磁体的微观组织及磁性能

采用放电等离子烧结及后续热变形技术制备各向异性Nd-Fe-B磁体,研究烧结温度对放电等离子烧结Nd-Fe-B磁体微观组织和磁性能的影响。随着烧结温度在650~900°C范围内的升高,烧结态Nd-Fe-B磁体的剩磁、内禀矫顽力及最大磁能积呈现先升后降的趋势。在800°C下烧结所获得磁体的磁性能最佳。随后,对800°C烧结后具有最佳磁性能的磁体采用放电等离子烧结技术进行后续热变形处理。与初始吸氢-歧化-脱氢-再复合粉末和烧结态磁体相比,热变形磁体拥有更显著的各向异性和更好的磁性能。当热变形温度为800°C且压缩比为50%时,热变形磁体中的Nd2Fe14B晶粒呈扁平片状且不发生异常长大;磁体沿热压方向具有最佳的磁性能：Br、Hcj和（BH）max分别为1.16 T、449 k A/m和178 k J/m3。     

Interfacial structures and mechanical properties of a high entropy alloy-diamond composite

A FeCoCrNiMo high-entropy alloy (HEA)/diamond composite prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) was investigated. Sintering the HEA/diamond composites at different temperatures leads to different interfacial structures, which have an impact on the mechanical properties. The multiple microstructures at HEA/diamond interface have different effects on the retention of the HEA matrix on diamond particles. It was found that the interstitial strengthening effect, amorphous carbon and nano-scale ordered carbon complex were beneficial to the mechanical properties. Due to the good interfacial bonding strength between the HEA matrix and un-failed diamond particles, the composite sintered at 950 °C exhibited an optimized combination of mechanical properties, with a hardness of 630 HV, transverse rupture strength of 1310 MPa, and optimal wear resistance. The failure of the diamond particles and the formation of brittle chromium carbides at sintering temperature at 1000 °C can deteriorate the properties of HEA/diamond composites.     

机械合金化及热压烧结制备Fe-Cr-Mn基超细晶奥氏体不锈钢研究

采用高能研磨诱导的机械合金化方法制备了Fe-Cr-Mn基不锈钢合金粉末;对机械合金化粉末分别进行了退火和热压烧结,分析了退火过程中的相变规律,并对热压烧结获得的奥氏体不锈钢进行了组织和耐蚀性能研究.结果表明:机械合金化获得的不锈钢合金粉由亚稳态的纳米晶铁素体构成;退火/热压烧结处理后,铁素体逐渐转变为热力学上更加稳定的...     

Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Selective Laser Melted Alloy Ti – 6% Al – 4% V

Metal Science and Heat Treatment - The effect of annealing at 700, 800, 900 and 1000°C on the microstructure and mechanical properties of alloy Ti – 6% Al – 4% V obtained by...     

氮元素对CrFeMnVTi6高熵合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

为了评估氮元素的间隙固溶强化机制对高熵合金性能的影响,采用机械冶金化和放电等离子体烧结工艺制备N掺杂CrFeMnVTi6高熵合金,并利用XRD、SEM、TEM和FIB检测手段对合金的相组成及显微组织进行表征.实验结果显示,CrMnFeVTi6合金组织由TiNx、BCC、Laves相和B2有序相组成.因此,合金在低温区域...     

粉末冶金FeCoNiCu0.4Al0.4高熵合金的热处理组织与性能

采用机械合金化(MA)与放电等离子烧结(SPS)相结合的方法制备出FeCoNiCu0.4Al0.4高熵合金,研究不同热处理温度对合金显微组织与力学性能的影响规律。结果表明:机械合金化后,FeCoNiCu0.4Al0.4高熵合金形成了单相的FCC固溶体,经1100℃SPS烧结后的块体组织仍为单相FCC结构,其压缩屈服强度、塑性应变和显微硬度分别为1165.1 MPa、45.2%和356.9 HV。经过热处理后,合金组织中生成了新的BCC相,且BCC相的含量随热处理温度的升高先增多后减少,500、600和700℃热处理后BCC相的含量分别为7%、30%和21%(体积分数)。退火态FeCoNiCu0.4Al0.4高熵合金的屈服强度随热处理温度的升高先升高后降低。当BCC相含量增多时,材料的屈服强度和硬度相应地提高,而塑性却显著降低。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of the TiZrNbMoTa refractory high-entropy alloy produced by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering

The equiatomic refractory high entropy alloy (HEA) TiZrNbMoTa was investigated. The alloyed powders with face-centered cubic (FCC) structured solid solution phase were prepared by mechanical alloying (MA) and then sintered by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 1300, 1400, 1500, and 1600 °C. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the bulk alloy were investigated. The body-centered cubic (BCC) structured solid solution phase and the ZrO₂ phase precipitated from the FCC structured solid solution phase during cool-down from sintering. The highest compression fracture strength (3759 MPa) and fracture strain (12.1%) were obtained in the refractory HEA sintered at 1400 °C. The grain boundary strengthening, precipitation strengthening, solid solution strengthening, transformation-induced plastic (TRIP) effect, and toughening effect of the ZrO₂ phase are the important factors for the high strength and ducitily of the refractory HEA prepared in this study.     

Effects of Ti and Cu on the Microstructure Evolution of AlCoCrFeNi High-Entropy Alloy During Heat Treatment

The microstructure evolution of AlCoCrFeNiTi_(0.5) alloy and AlCoCrFeNiCu alloy during heat treatment was systematically studied,to reveal the influence rules of chemical activity of adding element on the microstructure evolution of AlCoCrFeNi system.Owing to the negative mixing enthalpy with the constituent elements,Ti element was mainly dissolved in the Al-Nirich phases,and aggravated the lattice distortion of B2 phase.The structure variation of BCC phase by adding Ti inhibited the formation of FCC phase and enhanced the precipitation of σ phase during heat treatment.Owing to the positive mixing enthalpy with constituent elements,Cu element tended to be repelled to the ID region and formed metastable Cu-rich FCC1 phase which would transform into Cu-Al-Ni-rich FCC2 phase with increasing temperature.The addition of Cu inhibited the precipitation of σ phase during heat treatment.Adding Ti maintained the stable dendritic morphology,while adding Cu reduced the thermal stability of microstructure.Two dramatic morphology changes occurred at 1000~℃ and 1100~℃ in the AlCoCrFeNiCu alloy.The lattice distortion of phase in AlCoCrFeNiTi_(0.5) alloy was aggravated with increasing temperature up to 800~℃,then relaxed together with the dissolution of σ phase when temperature was above 900~℃.The variation in lattice distortion dominated the hardness of AlCoCrFeNiTi_(0.5) alloy.With increasing heating temperature,the increasing volume fraction of region with FCC structure due to the transformation between FCC phases,and the pronounced coarsening in microstructure due to the reduced thermal stability,resulted in the mainly decreasing trend in the hardness of AlCoCrFeNiCu alloy.     

热处理对G3合金微观组织的影响

借助光学显微镜、透射电子显微镜和扫描电子显微镜研究了热处理温度对G3合金微观组织的影响。结果表明,在1120～1180℃温度区间,随着固溶处理温度升高G3合金的晶粒尺寸由5.41级增大为4.18级;经不同温度时效处理后,合金中析出相的种类和分布形态有显著差别。经700℃×50 h时效,合金中晶界上的主要析出相为M23C6相,呈网状,晶内为弥散、细小的TiN和σ相,两者有复合析出现象。经800℃×50 h时效,合金中晶界处的析出相仍然是M23C6相,晶内析出的M6C相呈叶片状,成片分布在晶内。经900℃×50 h时效,合金中晶界处析出的主要是M6C相而不是M23C6相,晶内有大量纳米级的第二相颗粒与位错相互作用。     

快速加热连续退火对超高强TRIP钢显微组织与力学性能的影响

研究了快速加热连续退火工艺对V微合金化低Si含P系TRIP钢显微组织特征与力学性能的影响.结果表明,快速连续退火过程中,随着退火温度的升高,拉伸强度增加明显,然而为了保证其综合性能,并不能一味地提高其临界退火温度.加热速率80℃/s,退火温度为880℃时,残余奥氏体形态不仅仅局限于细小的块状结构;而且在贝氏体铁素体板条间能观察到大量的薄膜状残余奥氏体.细小、弥散的V（C,N）)分布于铁素体或贝氏体基体中,大部分析出粒子直径在4—9 nm之间,实验钢具有优异的强度与塑性配合:R_m=1010 MPa,R_P0.2=690 MPa,δ=23.6%,n=0.27,r=1.17,强塑积达到23836 MPa.%.退火温度过高或过低,都会减少残余奥氏体的体积分数、改变其形貌并增大其尺寸,导致综合力学性能下降.     

烧结温度对快速凝固TiAl合金组织及力学性能的影响(英文)

将快速凝固Ti-46Al-2Cr-4Nb-0.3Y(摩尔分数,%)合金薄带破碎成粉末,然后通过等离子烧结(SPS)制备成块体。研究烧结温度对烧结块体的组织和力学性能的影响。在1200℃烧结时得到完全致密的块体。进一步升高烧结温度对合金密度的影响不大,但是对烧结块体的显微组织及相结构有显著影响。烧结块体主要由γ和α2相组成,随着烧结温度的升高,α2相的体积分数降低,块体合金由近γ组织演变为近层片组织,且组织逐渐粗化,但是长大不明显。1260℃烧结得到的块体组织细小、均匀,没有明显微偏析,具有良好的综合力学性能,室温压缩断裂强度和压缩率分别为2984MPa和41.5%,高温(800℃)拉伸断裂强度和伸长率分别为527.5MPa和5.9%。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of beta TiAl alloys elaborated by spark plasma sintering

The microstructure evolution and room temperature mechanical property of beta containing Ti–44Al–3Nb–1Mo–1V–0.2Y alloy consolidated by spark plasma sintering was studied. Pre-alloyed powders were sintered for 2 min in the range 900–1250 °C under 100 MPa. It was found that duplex and lamellar microstructures were obtained depending on the SPS temperature. The duplex microstructure formed at 1150 °C and 1175 °C, and the lamellar structure was achieved above 1200 °C. However, coarsening of lamellar colonies occurred with further increasing of the sintering temperature. The specimen with fine lamellar colonies exhibited a relatively high compressive strength, whereas the one with duplex microstructure showed a superior final strain.     

Effect of Annealing on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Low-Carbon Medium-Manganese Steel Produced by Heavy Warm Rolling

An ultrafine-grained(UFG) low-carbon medium-manganese steel was fabricated by the heavily warm rolling(HWR) and subsequent quenching, and the effects of annealing temperatures on microstructure and mechanical properties of the UFG HWRed steel were investigated. The results show that the HWRed steel exhibits simultaneous improvements in strength,uniform elongation and work hardening, which is mainly attributed to the refinement of martensitic microstructures. The HWRed steels comprise only a-phase when annealing at lower temperatures below to 550 °C and at higher temperatures above to 700 °C. Whereas, UFG c-austenite is formed by reverse transformation when the HWRed steel was annealed at intermediate temperatures from 550 to 700 °C and the volume fraction increases with increasing annealing temperatures,consequently resulting in a dramatic increase in ductility of the annealed HWRed steels. It was found that the transformed UFG austenite and ferrite remained ～500 nm and ～800 nm in size when the HWRed steel was annealed at 650 and700 °C for 1 h, respectively, showing an excellent thermal stability. Moreover, the HWRed steel annealed at 650 °C exhibits high strength-ductility combinations with a yield strength of 906 MPa, ultimate tensile strength(UTS) of1011 MPa, total elongation(TEL) of 51% and product of strength and elongation(PSE: UTS 9 TEL) of 52 GPa%. It is believed that these excellent comprehensive mechanical properties are closely associated with the UFG austenite formation by reverse transformation and principally attributed to the transformation-induced plasticity(TRIP) effect.