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本文基于双目视觉原理,设计实现了一种对特定工件空间定位方法。首先对双目视觉系统进行标定,根据标定结果进行图像矫正,使用基于区域的立体匹配算法求取视差图,结合特征点对应视差值和标定结果对图像进行三维重构,获得工件表面的高度位置信息;根据工件特征,通过拟合获得的工件一组同轴圆的圆心三维坐标,确定工件在摄像机坐标系下的位置和姿态,实现工件的空间定位。 相似文献
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机器人通过视觉对工件定位信息和工作环境进行分析,完成相关工作任务成为机器人发展的方向.论文通过双目相机的开发平台Triclops SDK进行二次开发,在PC上实现了机器人对工件位置信息的快速获取;通过ABB机器人控制软件Robotstudio以及PC SDK的二次开发,实现对机器人的控制;研究了以公共点为基础的七参数法,采用标定件的方式实现了相机-机器人坐标系的标定.实验证明了系统的可行性和有效性. 相似文献
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针对移动机器人多站位加工需求,提出一种在加工现场仅需一次三维视觉测量便可确定移动机器人基坐标系相对工件坐标系位姿的方法。该方法首先利用激光跟踪仪和视觉传感器测量信息分别构造机器人基坐标系相对工件坐标系的齐次变换矩阵;然后以有限位形下后者相对前者偏差的二范数之和最小为目标,辨识机器人全关节运动误差的二次响应面系数。据此,在用视觉传感器获取工件坐标系相对视觉坐标系的位姿后,便可用二次响应面系数修正机器人基坐标系相对工件坐标系的位姿偏差,并通过一次在线视觉测量便可实现移动机器人的快速定位。以一台搭载在AGV上的混联加工机器人为例,通过试验验证了所提出方法的正确性和有效性。 相似文献
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挖掘机器人双目视觉系统标定方法与立体匹配 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在挖掘机器人视觉系统实现中,摄像机标定、特征提取、立体匹配是关键环节,而立体匹配又是视觉系统中最复杂、最重要的步骤。首先分析了通用双目立体视觉模型及平行双目立体视觉模型,对挖掘机器人平行双目立体视觉系统测量方法及参数标定进行了研究。结合基于特征的匹配方法,通过对左、右图像角点的提取,实现了基于极线几何约束的特征点匹配。通过对铲斗图像匹配实验,验证了该方法能满足挖掘机器人视觉系统要求。 相似文献
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随着近些年"智能制造"理念的提出,自动化工厂对于无人数字化生产的需求越来越多.过去的技术早已不能满足如今工厂的要求.随着工业机器人与机器视觉行业迅速发展,大大降低了生产中的人工参与度,实现了真正意义上的无人化工厂,视觉行业的出现也扩大的工业机器人的应用领域,对整个自动化行业逐步走向智能化有着十分重要的作用.构建了一套针... 相似文献
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以美国国家仪器公司的视觉开发模块NI Vision为软件支撑和以ABB-IRB120型机器人,摄像机和传送带为硬件基础,对视觉识别与检测系统进行了模块化设计,构建了一个基于单目视觉的工业机器人工件自动识别和智能抓取系统,其中ABB-IRB120型工业机器人作为操作手臂,用CCD相机、运动控制器和工控机搭建了机器人视觉控制平台,通过建立抓取系统的参数化模型给出图像坐标到机器人坐标的转换算法,利用NI Vision中提供的图像处理、模式匹配等方法,在C#环境下进行开发,实现了目标定位和机器人控制两大基本功能,最终控制机器人完成目标工件的抓取。 相似文献
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双自立体视觉是计算机视觉的一个重要分支,双目立体视觉直接模拟人类双眼处理景物的方式,可靠简便,在许多领域均极具应用价值,例如在机器人视觉系统中的应用.本文基于排爆机器人的应用,详细描述了排爆机器人双目立体视觉系统的设计与实现,由双目立体视觉系统根据目标物的二维图像计算出目标物的三维坐标.实验表明该系统能提高排爆机器人智能性与易操作性,大大提高了机械人的定位精度. 相似文献
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本文以提高同轴度为目的,推导出在调头镗孔时,工件固定于工作台上,工作台固定于床身上(刀具进给时)以及装夹刀具之镗轴伸出(工件进给时)的最佳位置。 相似文献
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内窥检查机器人柔性移动机构设计 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
根据蚯蚓蠕动原理,设计了用于肠道检查的内窥检查机器人移动机构,并进行了实验测试。蠕动式柔性移动机构除了实现移动功能外,还可通过充气膨胀的橡胶囊在机器人与肠道之间建立一个柔软的安全缓冲层,以避免在机器人运动过程中对人体内部软组织造成的擦伤和拉伤。 相似文献
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Dong Hwan Kim Young Chil Park Hakyoung Chung 《Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology》2001,15(10):1369-1379
This paper focuses on a development of a sensor system measuring locations of a vehicle to localize a mobile robot while it tracks on the track (location sensor). Also it focuses on a system configuration identifying the vehicle’s orientation and distance from the object while it is stationary at certain station (position sensor). As for the location sensor, it consists of a set of sensors with a combined guiding and counting sensor, and an address-coded sensor to localize the vehicle, while moving on the rail. For the position sensor a PSD (Position Sensitive Device) sensor with photo-switches sensor to measure the offset and orientation of the vehicle at each station is introduced. Both sensor systems are integrated with a microprocessor as a data relay to the main computer controlling the vehicle. The location sensor system is developed and its performance for a mobile robot is verified by experiments. The position measuring system is proposed and is robust to the environmental variation. Moreover, the two kinds of sensor systems guarantee a low cost application and high reliability. 相似文献
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《Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems》1994,7(3):161-172
This paper focuses on the development of heuristic algorithms for selecting the locating and clamping positions on an automatic fixture configuration for a given workpiece for an automatic fixture design (AFD) system. It discusses several issues regarding (i) an informationally complete product model, and (ii) the development of necessary computational modules coupled with a knowledge based system to reason about the workpiece's geometric characteristics for determining the locating and clamping positions. The motivation of the work is to develop a fixturing subsystem as an integral part of the complete CIM environment. A prototype AFD system has been completed in the object oriented programming platform of Wisdom's Concept Modeller. It has used several geometric reasoning mechanisms based on the traditional fixture design principles, and on the principles of collision-free assembly. The system exploits the power of Wisdom's advanced geometric modelling (AGM), and it implements the basic architecture of the proposed knowledge based fixture design system. 相似文献
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Dr S. H. Hsu T. C. Hsia M. C. Wu 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》1997,13(9):637-648
In group technology, workpieces are categorised into families according to their similarity in design or manufacturing attributes. This categorisation can eliminate design duplication and facilitate the production of workpieces. Much effort has been focused on the development of automated workpiece classification systems. However, it is difficult to evaluate the utility of such systems. The objective of this study was to develop a benchmark classification system based on global shape information for use in evaluating the utility of workpiece classification systems. A classification system has a high level of utility if its classification scheme is consistent with users' perceptual judgment of the similarity between workpiece shapes. Hence, in the proposed method, the consistency between a classification system and users' perceptual judgements is used as an index of the utility of the system. The proposed benchmark classification has two salient characteristics:
The development of this classification consisted of three steps:
The applicability of the benchmark classification system in evaluating the utility of automated workpiece classification systems was examined. 相似文献
1. | It is user-oriented, because it is based on users' judgments concerning the similarity of the global shape of workpieces. |
2. | It is flexible, allowing users to adjust the criteria of similarity applied in the automated workpiece classification. |
1. | Gathering row data on global shape similarity from a group of representative users and modelling the data by fuzzy numbers. |
2. | Developing benchmark classification for various similarity criteria by using fuzzy clustering analysis. |
3. | Developing indices for evaluating the appropriate number of workpiece categories and homogeneity within each group. |
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现代飞机部件装配多采用自动化柔性制孔,自动化制孔单元是实现飞机部件柔性装配必不可少的硬件组成。工件零点的设置是以大型数控机床作为制孔设备的自动化制孔单元所的必要设置步骤。使用激光跟踪仪作为测量设备,在机床坐标系、数模坐标系与工装坐标系间建立联系,实现了机床工件位置、数模工件位置与产品实际位置的统一,为实现飞机部件装配的自动化柔性制孔奠定了基础。该方法在某型飞机柔性装配过程中得到了验证运用,验证了方法的可行性。 相似文献