Relating Initial Texture to Deformation Behavior During Cold Rolling and Static Recrystallization Upon Subsequent Annealing of an Extruded WE43 Alloy

Deformation behaviors during cold rolling and static recrystallization behaviors upon subsequent annealing of an extruded WE43 alloys with different initial textures were investigated in this study. Three types of differently textured WE43 initial alloys were labeled as samples Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ. The results showed that multiple twinning modes and basal slip dominated the deformation of samples during cold rolling. Cold-rolled sample Ⅰ activated the larger number of double twins with high strain energy...     

Texture Evolution in a Warm-Rolled Ti-IF Steel During Cold Rolling and Annealing

The texture characteristics of a Ti-IF steel in ferritic hot-rolled (warm-rolled), cold-rolled, and annealed status were studied. The hot bands were obtained by finish rolling in ferrite region, coiling at very low temperature, and then directly annealing in industrial trial. It was found that dominates at the surface and is the main component at the midsection in the hot band. The α-fiber at the surface as well as at the midsection intensifies during cold rolling and weakens during annealing, while the changing of γ-fiber depends on the hot band texture during cold rolling, but it absolutely intensifies after a well-advanced state of annealing. Orientations concentrate on increasingly at the surface and continuously rotate to RD-fiber at the midsection as the reduction increases. The average plastic strain ratio, elongation, and strain hardening exponent measured for the cold-rolled and annealed steel increased with improving annealing temperatures.     

Tailoring the Texture and Mechanical Anisotropy of Multi-cross Rolled Mg-Zn-Gd Alloy by Annealing

The unidirectional rolled Mg-Zn-Gd sheet usually exhibited non-basal texture with two peaks whose tilting angle were about 42° from normal direction to transverse direction (TD), which would cause the mechanical anisotropy. In this study, multi-cross rolling followed by annealing was used to tailor the texture and mechanical anisotropy for Mg-Zn-Gd alloy. With increasing annealing temperature, the rolled basal texture with two peaks gradually transformed into the circle texture with multi-peaks. In order to figure out different texture components evolution during annealing, the basal texture, R-texture and T-texture component were defined and studied. The results showed that the change of R-texture and T-texture component was asynchronous with increasing annealing temperature from 250 to 400 °C. The tilting angle of R-texture component increased slightly, while the tilting angle of T-texture component increased obviously, and this phenomenon was attributed to the preferential nucleation at grain nucleation stage rather than preferential grain growth. The yield strength along TD was more sensitive to annealing temperature compared with that along rolling direction (RD), resulting in different descending slopes and yield strength anisotropy with increasing annealing temperature. Annealing at 300 °C was the best annealing temperature due to low yield strength anisotropy, moderate strength and good elongation among these annealing temperatures. The Schmid factor for basal slip indicated that the activity of basal slip along RD increased slightly, while that along TD increased obviously with increasing annealing temperature from 250 to 400 °C, which should be caused by the asynchronous change of R-texture component and T-texture component, consequently resulting in the transformation from isotropic yield strength to anisotropic yield strength.     

冷轧及退火工艺对纯铜力学性能的影响

采用四辊轧机对纯铜进行了多道次冷轧,冷轧后的铜带分别在180 ℃和200 ℃进行退火.分析研究了退火铜带的力学性能变化和变形条件对其塑性、变形抗力及显微硬度的影响,探讨了纯铜的应变硬化机理及退火工艺对冷轧纯铜力学性能的影响机制.结果表明,纯铜经冷轧后强度明显提高,最高值达439.3 MPa,硬度值在84.7～96.0 HV0.01之间;冷轧纯铜退火后的抗拉强度、显微硬度降低,伸长率明显提高,但在200 ℃退火时出现了低温退火硬化效应.     

冷轧对Ti-55531组织特征及时效行为和力学性能的影响

对全β固溶Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr-1Zr进行冷轧与时效处理,采用XRD、TEM、硬度测试等手段研究冷轧对Ti-55531组织特征及后续时效过程中的相变、组织演变以及时效处理后力学性能的影响。结果表明:冷轧合金主要组织特征为ωisothermal发生回溶,没有出现存在于其他近β钛合金中的应力诱导α″。时效以后,冷轧过程中形成的位错等缺陷抑制ωathermal的析出,促进析出含量更高且更为细小的α相。冷轧合金硬度随时效温度的升高呈现先增大后降低的趋势,在400℃达到峰值。     

Zr-Sn-Nb合金冷轧过程的织构演变模拟研究

利用Taylor松弛约束(Relaxed Constraints,Taylor-RC)模型模拟了2种不同初始取向的Zr-Sn-Nb合金板材在冷轧过程中的织构演变,并对比了模拟结果和X射线衍射(XRD)实测织构之间的差异。结果表明,选用合适的变形系统和临界分切应力比值,Taylor-RC模型可以有效模拟Zr-Sn-Nb合金冷轧中的织构演变。结合模拟所得的2种板材不同变形系统的相对开启量,解释了锆合金冷轧织构的形成原因     

Microstructure and Texture Evolution of Mg-14Gd-0.5Zr Alloy during Rolling and Annealing under Different Temperatures

Mg alloys containing high rare earth (RE) elements are hard to be rolled due to their low ductility and high strength at low temperatures. Therefore, rolling at high temperatures is necessary for these alloys. In this work, a Mg-14Gd-0.5Zr (wt%) alloy was rolled one pass with 40% reduction at high temperatures over 450 °C. The effects of rolling temperature on the microstructure and dynamic recrystallization behavior were analyzed in detail by the electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) method. The results revealed that the alloy shows good rollability at high temperature due to the activity of non-basal dislocations and twins. However, dynamic recrystallization is difficult to take place because of the easy activation of multi-slip system and thus more accumulated strain energy. However, Gd segregation was observed at the grain boundary and it is inferred that the segregation can partially enhance the dynamic recrystallization ratio. Statically recrystallized grains with large size took place after short-term inter-pass annealing treatment ranging from 450 °C to 500 °C, and formed basal texture. The result suggests that the formation of basal texture during short-term annealing treatment was attributed to the growth of dynamic recrystallized grains caused by weakened Gd segregation.     

Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Precipitation Behavior and Texture Evolution in a Warm-Rolled P-Containing Interstitial-Free High Strength Steel

By using transmission electron microscopy and electron back-scattered diffraction, the effect of annealing temperature on the precipitation behavior and texture evolution in a warm-rolled interstitial-free high strength steel was studied. The results indicated that fine FeTiP could precipitate at 650 °C, and the number of those precipitates increased greatly with the increasing annealing temperature until 800 °C. Furthermore, the nucleation of FeTiP was influenced by the precipitation of TiC and(Ti, Nb) C. The near absence of FeTiP and a large volume fraction of TiC and(Ti, Nb) C in matrix are envisaged to be primarily responsible for the sharp c-fiber texture. As the boundary pinning effect caused by FeTiP is weak and there are less interstitial C atoms in matrix. Thus, annealing at 800 °C leads to the highest intensity of c-fiber texture.     

Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Hardening of Hypereutectoid Pearlitic Steel During Cold Rolling

The microstructure evolution of different cold rolling reductions (from 0 to 81.6%) was studied by SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and TEM (transmission electron microscope). The study showed that the orientation multiplicity of pearlitic lamellas resulted in inhomogeneous deformation of different pearlitic lamellas, and with the increase of reduction, the microstructure underwent a course of "homogeneity → inhomogeneity → homogeneity". The result of XRD (X-ray diffraction) analysis indicated that cementite did not decompose and dissolve into ferrite; the results of the mechanical property test suggested that the relationship between Rp0.2 (yield strength) and ε (true strain) was in good agreement with Hollomon relationship. With the equation Rp0.2 = 1465ε0.18, the yield strength of the steel in different reductions could be well predicted.     

GH738合金冷变形及中间退火再结晶行为研究

通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜、电子背散射衍射、显微硬度计等手段,系统研究了GH738合金不同冷轧变形量后中间退火组织演变规律。研究表明:变形量是影响加工硬化的主要因素;经过不同冷轧变形后,1000℃退火奥氏体未发生再结晶;在1040～1080℃进行退火处理,可得到均匀细小的等轴晶。建立了GH738合金冷加工本构方程和再结晶晶粒长大方程。     

Investigation of Cold Rolling Texture and Recrystallization Texture in NiW Substrates

NiW alloys were fabricated by cold isostatic pressing, the W content being 5, 7 and 9.3 at%, respectively. The NiW substrates were obtained by rolling assisted biaxially texturing. The cold rolling and recrystallization textures of NiW substrates were systematically studied by X-ray and EBSD, which revealed a variation of rolling texture in NiW substrates with increasing W content, which also influenced the copper (C) type and brass (B) type texture, as well as the transition between them. In addition, the ...     

Ni-5Pt 合金在冷轧过程中的结构演变及力学性能

镍铂合金溅射靶材在半导体工业中用于制备镍铂硅化合物,实现接触和互连的功能。Ni-5Pt合金在冷轧过程中的结构演变及力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,Ni-5Pt 合金在冷轧过程中其微观演变为从位错缠结到位错墙,再到含位错墙和小角晶界的拉长亚晶粒,最后形成了具有明锐晶界的拉长晶粒。晶粒细化主要是受位错的聚集、湮灭和重排所导致。Ni-5Pt 的显微硬度随着轧制变形量的增加而增加,与强度的变化一致。Ni-5Pt 强度的增加可主要归因于冷轧诱导的位错密度增加和晶粒细化效应。     

退火对铸轧—冷轧铝箔各向异性的影响

采用拉伸试验机测定了铸轧一冷轧铝箔及其退火后沿箔材不同方向的拉伸力学性能。结果表明,冷轧及低温退火后铝箔的力学性能均无明显的各向异性,低温退火时,抗拉强度和延伸率变化很小。当退火温度达到280℃时,随温度的升高,抗拉强度和延伸率显著变化,各向异性增长。在280～320℃之间退火,材料既可不同程度地软化,又能减小各向异性。     

退火温度对高纯钽棒再结晶织构及力学行为的影响

本文对冷变形后的高纯钽棒进行不同温度(850~1050℃)的退火处理,研究了退火后的微结构及织构演变规律、再结晶形核与取向的依赖性以及再结晶组织对其力学行为的影响。结果表明,冷变形组织呈{100}和{111}取向分布的纤维状结构,以()[]组分为主的α-织构。退火处理后,高纯钽棒组织分别处于回复阶段(850℃)、完全再结晶(950℃)以及晶粒长大阶段(1050℃)。随着退火温度的增加,α-织构逐渐弱化,γ-织构逐渐形成,尤其是完全再结晶后,α-织构组分完全消失。屈服强度和应变硬化能力随着退火温度的增加而降低,塑韧性得到明显改善,完全再结晶时均匀伸长率达到17.85%。当温度增加到1050℃时,二次再结晶晶粒容易发生沿晶断裂,力学性能较差。     

Texture Evolution and Dynamic Recrystallization of Zr-1Sn-0.3Nb-0.3Fe-0.1Cr Alloy During Hot Rolling

In the present work,the sheets of Zr-1Sn-0.3Nb-0.3Fe-0.1Cr alloy were hot rolled with different reductions(10%,30%,50%,and 60%) at 1023 K and 1073 K.The micro structure evolutions including grain micro structure,texture,and dislocation were investigated,using electron backscattering diffraction and transmission electron microscope.The results showed that dislocation slip,twinning,and dynamic recrystallization(DRX) were the main deformation mechanisms.DRX was found to be promoted by larger reduction and higher rolling temperature.The predominant texture formed during hot rolling was basal 0001//ND,whose intensity reached peak value after 30% reduction hot rolling.While the intensity of DRX texture 10-10//ND and1-210//ND increased with increasing reduction and temperature.This study provided an effective way to tailor the texture and microstructure of the alloy,for optimizing process parameters.     

Evolution of Annealing Twins and Recrystallization Texture in Thin-Walled Copper Tube During Heat Treatment

Thin-walled copper tubes are usually produced by multi-pass float-plug drawing deformation. In general, the annealing treatment subsequently is necessary to release the stored energy and adjusts the microstructure. In this study, an investigation on the evolution of annealing twins as well as textures in the thin-walled (Ф6 mm×0.3 mm) copper tube underwent holding time-free heat treatment was reported. Electron backscattered diffraction analysis reveals that a large number of Σ3 boundaries (60° 〈111〉 twin relationship) are produced at the early stage of heat treatment, which is due to the lower boundary energy. With the recrystallization proceeding, the migration rate of grain boundaries decreases on account of the grain growth; meanwhile, the unique Σ9 boundaries (38.9° 〈110〉 relationship) are formed due to the interaction of the Σ3 boundaries. As a result, the number fractions of Σ3 boundaries and high-angle grain boundaries decrease rapidly. During the grain growth stage, a strong recrystallization texture was formed due to the fact that the grains of Goss orientation have a growth advantage over the others. As a result, the initial copper texture was transferred into the Goss texture in domination.     

冷轧及退火对WC弥散强化铜组织和性能的影响

研究了不同冷轧变形量和不同退火工艺对以机械合金化法制备的Cu-4%WC复合材料的组织与性能的影响,探讨了该材料的硬度、强度以及组织在高温退火过程中出现异常现象的原因.结果表明,冷轧变形可提高原始粉末烧结材料的致密度,材料的强度和导电率随轧制变形量的增大而增大;WC弥散强化铜材料不宜通过冷轧变形来提高其软化温度;该复合材料的退火行为在500℃下以再结晶晶粒长大为主,在600℃及其以上温度以再结晶晶粒形核为主.     

冷轧及退火工艺对40MnB钢带状组织的影响

比较了40MnB钢同一退火工艺、不同冷轧压下量试样的带状组织.以及相同压下量、低温退火与高温退火试样带状组织的区别;观察了试样在退火时以不同冷却速度冷却到A_1温度时的显微组织形貌;测试了退火试样力学性能随压下量变化的曲线.结果表明:随冷轧压下量的增加,40MnB钢退火时带状组织是先加重后减轻;高温奥氏体化退火和快速从珠光体、铁素体两相区冷却到A_1线能有效削减带状组织;带状组织不明显的材料力学性能未必优越,退火工艺参数的选择应和冷轧压下量合理匹配.     

不同制度轧制的冷轧带钢退火后的组织性能

采用奥氏体区和铁素体区二种工艺制度的热轧试验,对退火后深冲冷轧带钢试样的组织性能进行了研究.结果表明:深冲冷轧带钢热轧采用铁素体区轧制,性能指标达到标准要求,可获得更加优良的深冲性能.     

镍基高温合金在变形热处理过程中的组织和织构演变

采用电子背向散射衍射技术研究了镍基高温合金冷变形和再结晶退火过程中的组织演变、晶界特征分布、应变分布及织构演变规律。结果表明,当冷变形量较小（ε≤45%）时,晶粒沿着轧制方向被拉长,呈扁平状于基体中均匀分布,应力主要集中在晶界和孪晶界（TB）附近,大角度晶界（HAGBs）和TBs逐渐向亚晶界（Sub-GBs）和小角度晶界（LAGBs）转变。同时,出现Goss织构 {110}<001>、Brass-R织构{111}<112>、Twinned-Copper织构{552}<115>和Copper织构{112}<111>。当轧制压下量超过70%时,晶粒形状逐渐从扁平变为纤维状,晶粒的变形均匀性逐渐变好,应变分布变得均匀,LAGBs开始占主导地位。同时,织构类型保持不变,但织构强度增加。在1120 ℃退火15 min后,孪晶的长度分数随着轧制压下量的增加而增加。同时,变形织构转变为再结晶织构,织构类型增加,但织构强度减弱。此外,当退火孪晶的比例增加时,Copper织构{112}<111>不断向Twinned-Copper织构{552}<115>转变,并且经过30%~80%轧制变形的试样产生织构{124}<211>。