基于反馈线性化的靶弹弹道跟踪制导律设计

针对导弹靶弹的弹道跟踪精度问题,基于反馈线性化和最优控制理论设计了一种弹道跟踪制导律。首先,通过对靶弹进行受力分析,建立靶弹纵向运动非线性方程组;其次,根据反馈线性化理论的定义和充要条件,详细推导得出靶弹的精确线性化运动方程;最后,通过最优控制理论设计弹道跟踪制导指令,并在阵风干扰和不同机动飞行弹道下,与基于小扰动法和固化系数法设计的跟踪制导律进行比较。结果表明:基于反馈线性化法设计的弹道跟踪制导律具有较高的弹道跟踪精度和较低的需用过载。     

基于预测控制的寻的导弹末制导律研究

为提高寻的导弹末制导性能,解决传统比例导引律在目标大机动的情况下,制导性能较差的问题,文中通过对一个简化了的二维导弹目标遭遇模型的研究,基于连续时间预测控制理论的输出跟踪方法,给出了一种寻的导弹最优末制导规律,并对其稳定性进行了分析。该预测制导规律不但解决了反馈线性化制导律在使用条件上的限制问题,而且通过数字仿真表明,所设计的预测制导规律比传统的比例导引规律具有更好的制导性能。特别是在得出的加速度指令方面,具有很大优势。     

导弹过渡段弹道优化设计与制导

针对滑翔段到巡航段的过渡段弹道优化与制导问题,在考虑过程约束和巡航段初始约束的条件下,运用Gauss伪谱法将最优控制问题转换为非线性规划问题,利用SNOPT求解了导弹过渡段的最优弹道。然后,将运动方程关于标准弹道线性化,利用LQR最优控制设计弹道跟踪器,给定弹道偏差的条件下,运用MATLAB进行了仿真校验,结果表明LQR跟踪器能够很好的跟踪Gauss伪谱法设计出的优化弹道。     

基于反馈线性化RLV再入控制律设计

针对可重复使用运载器(RLV)再入模型的非线性模型控制问题,设计了基于控制角与控制力矩间全反馈(非时标分离)条件下的反馈线性化控制器,实现RLV六自由度非线性模型线性化,应用经典的PID控制理论实现了控制律设计,完成了全弹道仿真.仿真结果验证了控制方法的可行性,实现了制导指令的精确跟踪.     

攻击地面机动目标的一种击顶制导策略

针对三维空间导弹和地面机动目标相对运动的非线性模型，将目标运动速度和机动加速度视为有界扰动，设计了一种击顶制导律策略。制导策略分为2部分：第1部分基于弹目视线倾角角速度和偏角角速度反馈，利用非线性系统输入输出线性化方法设计了接近制导律，保证导弹朝向目标运动；第2部分基于弹目视线倾角反馈，利用非线性系统输入输出线性化方法设计了击顶制导律。该制导律在保证弹目视线角速度趋零的同时还可保证视线倾角趋于- 90°，从而实现对目标的垂直打击即击顶。从理论上分析了制导系统的稳定性和精度。数值仿真结果证实该制导律有效。     

便携式反坦克导弹弹道成型制导律设计

针对飞行速度快速时变的便携式反坦克导弹制导控制问题,应用最优控制原理,提出了一种考虑导弹速度快速变化的改进弹道成型制导律。采用超前滞后环节进行时变过载自动驾驶仪设计; 基于最优控制理论推导了广义弹道成型制导律和扩展弹道成型制导律,针对便携式导弹速度快速时变的特性,设计了包含时变速度信息的弹道成型制导律,并结合工程实际讨论了参数选择方法; 最后进行了仿真对比和验证。仿真结果表明,该文提出的包含时变速度信息的弹道成型制导律能够满足武器系统的近距击顶作战需求,同时能够满足导弹系统的着角、攻角、框架角、过载等约束。     

再入机动弹头速度方向制导律设计及仿真

建立了再入机动弹道模型,设计了基于非线性系统精确线性化理论的再入机动弹头速度方向的时变最优制导律,实现了机动弹头速度方向的控制,通过三自由度机动弹道仿真证明该制导律是可行的。     

精确对地攻击姿态约束最优末制导设计

针对远程精确对地攻击姿态约束末制导问题,提出按照命中点姿态角需求设计基准弹道,并建立了围绕基准弹道的线性时变弹目运动方程。以弹道跟踪误差和控制能量最小为优化指标,取弹道跟踪误差加权阵与剩余飞行时间的平方成反比,求得了一种新的精确对地攻击姿态约束末制导律。制导指令由基准弹道补偿项和弹道跟踪误差项两部分组成。与文献[1]制导律的仿真对照表明,本文给出的制导律具有较小的需用过载,命中点姿态角控制精度高、脱靶量小、适用性好。研究结果对远程对地攻击导弹或制导炸弹末制导系统设计具有参考价值。     

导弹中末制导弹道交接律研究

针对中远程导弹中末制导交班过程中的弹道交接问题,基于交接过渡段制导的思想设计了一种新的中末制导交接律。首先给出了满足导弹弹道一阶和二阶平滑的条件,然后分别采用三角函数和多项式函数形式的交接律平滑算子作为加权系数,求解出满足弹道平滑条件的平滑算子具体表达式。仿真结果表明:所设计的中末制导交接律算法简单,适用于导弹攻击过程中不同阶段制导律的弹道交接及实现中末制导交接过程中的弹道一阶和二阶平滑交接。     

大空域变轨的变结构制导律设计

为了对抗敌方远程舰空导弹的拦截,提高突防能力,反舰导弹的飞行弹道应采用大空域变轨弹道。基于虚拟目标的概念,建立了导弹-虚拟目标的空间追逃模型,设计了一种考虑末端落角约束的变结构制导律。先设置不同的空间虚拟目标,然后,利用所设计的制导律引导反舰导弹去追踪虚拟目标,反舰导弹实现了各种各样的大空域变轨弹道。只要虚拟目标的参数设置合适,在飞行中导弹的各项性能指标都能满足要求。弹道仿真表明,所设计的制导律是很有效的。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Method for Measuring Velocity of Warhead Fragments Based on Photoelectric Detection

For measuring velocity and impacting position of single fragment of warhead, a non-contact measuring method is proposed, in which a six-light-screen array, a position indicator, a multi-channel chronograph and a computer are used.The principle of measurement is described. The key device of the system is a light screen array sensor which consists of six light screens allocated with certain geometrical parameters. When the fragment flies through the light screen array, the time of passing through each of the screens is recorded by the multi-channel chronograph. According to the time data and the geometrical parameters of the array, the velocity vector and the location of the fragment can be calculated immediately. The presented method can be used to locate the fragment and to measure the real velocity on its flying direction. It can also be used to measure the velocity of a fragment swarm after the system is engineered further.     

数码电子雷管中影响点火头性能因素分析

阐述了数码电子雷管中,点火药剂细结晶三硝基间苯二酚铅（LTNR）的制备工艺;从点火药剂的种类、加入黏合剂的质量分数、桥丝直径、点火头的电阻值、防潮漆的蘸涂等方面对点火头性能的影响因素进行了探讨;通过震动试验、并联起爆试验、延期精度检测与考核,试验结果表明：一次性合成的细结晶LTNR是制造数码电子雷管点火头较为理想的点火药剂,按技术要求生产的点火头性能指标能够满足行业标准要求。     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Influence of Installing Error on the Surface Shape Precision of the Axial Symmetry Aspheric Workpiece in Lapping

A method to calculate the surface shape error, which is caused by the installing error between the workpiece and the lapping tool in the process of form lapping, is proposed. The mathematical model which the installing translation error influences on the workpiece surface shape error is established. The changing rule of the error is simulated through the calculating example of the paraboloid workpiece. The results indicate that the surface shape error of the workpiece is increasing with the increase of the installing translation error, it is also increasing gradually along the center point of the curve surface to the edge, and the influence is severer to the curve surface with great curvature than that of the small curvature when the translation error is the same.