光子晶体中的耦合腔光波导

耦合腔光波导是由弱耦合的一系列谐振腔构成,在这种光波导中，光信号在谐振腔中有局域的趋势，谐振腔之间的弱耦合使光信号沿光波导在谐振腔之间共振隧穿，因此，和传统的依靠全反射以及布拉格反射传输光信号的介质光波导不同，光信号在耦合腔光波导中跳跃式的沿光波导传播,由于其特殊的传输方式，光信号在这种光波导中的群速度比传统光波导中光信号的群速度低。     

半导体环形激光器的输出耦合及阈值增益分析

通过三维光波导的模式耦合理论分析了半导体环形激光器(SRL)与直波导的耦合系数,用耦合系数的解析表达式结合SRL自再现条件分析了SRL各参数对阈值增益的影响.分析结果表明,耦合系数随波导宽度和厚度、波导间距的增大而减小,随SRL半径的增大而增大;阈值增益随波导宽度和厚度、波导间距的增大而增大,随SRL半径的增大而减小.     

基于微环谐振腔的耦合谐振光波导反射镜

研究了一种基于微环谐振腔的耦合共振光波导反射镜.基于耦合模理论,对这种新型波导反射镜的反射光谱进行了数值分析,详细讨论了直波导与微环谐振腔之间的耦合系数和相邻微环谐振腔之间的耦合系数对反射光谱的影响.计算结果表明这种反射镜的反射光谱存在多峰结构,在弱耦合的情况下可以实现波长选择性反射滤波,并且发现在这种波导反射镜中存在类似于原子系统中电磁诱导透明现象的耦合共振诱导透明现象.     

直角棱镜腔偏振耦合输出特性研究

激光器采用直角棱镜腔具有较好的稳定性,在军用激光器中应用广泛,由于直角棱镜内发生全反射产生相移,耦合输出透过率与耦合波片的相移量、光轴方位角,以及直角棱镜材料和棱线方向有关,直角棱镜与波片的不同组合能够达到的最高耦合透过率不同;对直角棱镜偏振耦合特性进行了理论分析,并采用MATLAB软件计算不同相移波片的方位角与偏振透过率的关系,并对光波耦合过程中偏振状态变化进行了模拟,对不同材料直角棱镜的耦合特性进行了对比,并根据理论分析进行实验验证,这些研究对直角棱镜谐振腔的设计、调试以及直角棱镜材料的选择具有实际意义。     

复合结构光子晶体耦合腔波导慢光特性研究

为了设计能够传输宽带低色散慢光的光子晶体波导,以三角晶格圆形介质柱光子晶体结构为基础,使用圆形散射元和椭圆形散射元进行周期性排列,采用平面波展开法对所设计的耦合腔波导进行了仿真分析。结果表明,调整缺陷行椭圆形散射元长轴R_a可以使导模最大群速度从0.035c降低到0.01c,调节缺陷行短轴R_b的值,可以再次降低导模群速度;通过改变微腔周围第1排两种散射元的面积比,能够得到最大群速度0.0065c,波长范围为3.25nm的低色散慢光;将所设计的耦合腔应用于光缓存中,计算得出缓存时间为76.82ps,存储容量达到了15.56bit。这项研究对新型光子晶体慢光器件的设计和应用具有参考意义。     

非线性线缺陷光子晶体波导的宽带慢光效应

采用克尔型非线性材料为光子晶体的介质柱,构建线缺陷耦合腔波导。利用非线性有限时域差分法(NL-FDTD)进行模拟仿真,并获得最佳宽带慢光效果。当群速度达到10-2数量级时,带宽为0.0920,比线性光子晶体耦合腔波导慢光带宽提高五倍,而且群速度色散降低两个数量级,实现了低群速度下更宽带宽和更低色散的慢光波导。     

微波脉冲与带缝非金属腔耦合的数值模拟研究

应用时域有限差分法(FDTD)模拟计算了微波脉冲与带缝非金属腔体的线性耦合过程.在正弦波凋制的高斯脉冲源激励下,分析了耦合场在腔体内的分布情况,总结了相对介电常数、腔壁厚度、孔缝尺寸等因数对耦合特性影响的基本规律.结果表明:在入射电场方向腔体中心轴线上的耦合场基本保持不变,垂直于入射电场截面上耦合场关于截画中心点呈对称分布;耦合进腔体的能量随厚度的增加和介电常数的增大而减小,但介电常数的影响更加明显,且随孔缝面积的增大而增大,面积一定时,随纵横比的增大而增大;孔缝中心处的电场耦合系数峰值随介电常数的增大呈近似线性下降,而腔体中心处呈振荡减小,在相对介电常数为6左右电场时域峰值达到最大;腔体内耦合磁场的变化规律与电场的类似.     

半导体量子点中强耦合激子的性质

研究了抛物型半导体量子点中强耦合激子的性质.在有效质量近似下,采用线性组合算符和幺正变换的方法,导出了半导体量子点中重空穴激子的基态能量.在强耦合情况下讨论了量子点半径和受限强度对半导体量子点中激子基态能量的影响.以氯化铊(TlCl)半导体为例进行了数值计算.结果表明:在强耦合情况下,重空穴激子的基态能量随量子点半径的增大而减小,随量子点受限强度的增大而增大.     

光子晶体光纤中群速度失配对脉冲俘获的影响

基于耦合非线性薛定谔方程,研究了超短脉冲在光子晶体光纤中传输时的俘获特性,得到了群速度失配的大小对脉冲俘获率的影响规律.研究表明,随着群速度失配量值的减小,俘获率将逐渐增大,群速度失配量值在10-6～10-7(fs/nm)数量级之间时,俘获率变化较快,但当群速度失配的大小减小到10-8(fs/nm)数量级后,俘获率变化缓慢,并趋近于最大俘获率值.     

锥形光波导耦合特性研究

基于耦合模理论,数值仿真了两种耦合结构(FW和WF)下的耦合损耗随锥形光波导芯层尺寸的变换规律;进一步分析了两种耦合结构下锥形光波导端面粗糙度对其模式耦合损耗特性的影响,表明不同模式其端面散射损耗不同;实验结果表明,锥形光波导的输入端芯层尺寸、输出端芯层尺寸及光波导长度,对FW结构下的耦合损耗影响较小,对WF结构下的耦合损耗影响较大。     

Analytical expressions for the resonant frequencies and modal fields of finite coupled optical cavity chains

Coupled optical cavities are constantly attracting increased attention in telecommunication applications. For an infinite chain of optical cavities, also known as the coupled resonator optical waveguide (CROW), the tight binding approximation has been used in order to evaluate its dispersion characteristics and the modal fields. In this paper, the tight binding formalism is applied in a finite chain of optical cavities of arbitrary length. This allows the derivation of simple analytical formulas for the resonant frequencies and the corresponding modal fields. The analytical results are compared with the numerical results of the plane wave expansion method in the case of a finite two-dimensional photonic crystal chain of coupled resonators and an excellent agreement is observed.     

Optical transmission characteristics of fiber ring resonators

We present the results of an experimental investigation of the transfer characteristics of a fiber ring resonator for various values of the resonator finesse. In particular, we measure the spectral dependence of the intensity transmission and the induced phase shift in the undercoupled, critically coupled, and overcoupled regimes. We also demonstrate tunable optical (true time) group delay via a fiber ring resonator and show that a high finesse is unnecessary. Our laboratory results are in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions.     

Equivalent circuit parameters of an aperture coupled open resonatorcavity

In this paper, we use modified form of Bethe's small hole coupling theory to compute equivalent circuit parameters of an aperture coupled open resonator cavity. The open resonator cavity is composed of spherical mirrors of circular cross section. The cavity is coupled to a rectangular waveguide by means of a common hole in the mirror and the shorted end wall of the rectangular waveguide. Closed form expressions have been obtained for the equivalent circuit parameters. Experiments conducted in the W-band frequency range show good agreement with theory when an experimentally estimated correction to the transmission coefficient is applied for the thickness of the coupling holes     

X 波段微带交叉耦合带通滤波器的设计

耦合谐振电路在微波滤波器的设计,尤其是在窄带滤波器的过程中起着非常重要的作用。本文采用 基于耦合系数和外部品质因数的耦合谐振电路滤波器的方法设计了X 波段的开环交叉耦合微带带通滤波器。由于 引入非相邻谐振器之间的交叉耦合,在滤波器的输入端口和输出端口之间有多个通路,这种多径结构能在有限频率 处产生多个传输零点,而且通过调整传输零点的位置,可以调整滤波器选择性和带内群时延性能。设计的滤波器在 介电常数为2. 2、厚度为0. 254mm 的RO5880 介质板上加工,测试结果显示,该滤波器具有结构简单紧凑、损耗低、选 择性高、带外抑制极佳的特点,具有较好的工程应用价值。     

串联微环谐振器的光学特性

根据波导耦合方程,导出了串联微环谐振器的传输矩阵,并分析了环数、环间耦合系数以及损耗对串联微环谐振器输出特性的影响。数值模拟表明,串联微环谐振器具有光子带隙的特征。当环数增加时,通带内满足谐振条件的波长数增加;当环间耦合系数增加时,可使通带带宽加宽;通过适当选择环数和环间耦合系数,可以实现滤波和波分复用(WDM)的功能。选用脉冲宽度为50 ps的高斯型激光脉冲注入微环谐振器,发现当环间耦合系数较小时,出射脉冲相对于入射脉冲具有光学延迟的效果,并且随着环数的增加,延迟时间逐渐增大,而当环间耦合系数较大时,光学延迟效果不明显。     

Performance Limitation of a Coupled Resonant Optical Waveguide Gyroscope

We demonstrate through theoretical analysis that unlike predicted by others, an unbiased coupled resonant optical waveguide (CROW) gyroscope made of $N$ ring resonators has a response to a rotation rate $Omega$ that is proportional to $(N Omega)^2$, and hence its sensitivity to small rotation rates is vanishingly small. We further establish that when proper phase bias is applied to the CROW gyro, this response becomes proportional to $NOmega$ and the sensitivity to small rotation rates is then considerably larger. However, even after optimizing the CROW parameters ($N$ and the ring-to-ring coupling coefficient $kappa$), the CROW gyro has about the same sensitivity as a conventional fiber optic gyroscope (FOG) with the same loop loss, detected power, and footprint. This maximum sensitivity is achieved for $N = 1$, i.e., when the CROW gyro resembles a resonant FOG. The only benefit of a CROW gyro is therefore that it requires a much shorter length of fiber, by a factor of about $1/ (2 kappa)$ , but at the expense of a stringent control of the rings' optical path lengths, as in a resonant FOG. Finally, we show that the slower apparent group velocity of light in a CROW gyro compared to a FOG is unrelated to this shorter length requirement.      

An analytical approach to dynamic crosstalk in coupled interconnects

This paper deals with waveform analysis, crosstalk peak and delay estimation of CMOS gate driven capacitively and inductively coupled interconnects. Simultaneously switching inputs for the coupled interconnects are considered. A transmission line-based coupled model of interconnect is used for analysis. Alpha-power Law model of MOS transistor is used to represent the transistors in CMOS driver. Peaks and delays at far-end of victim line are estimated for conditions when the inputs to the two coupled interconnects are switching in-phase and out-of-phase. The comparison of analytically obtained results with SPICE simulations show that the proposed model captures noise peak and their timing; 90% propagation delay; transition time delay and waveform shape with good accuracy, such as not more than 5% error in crosstalk peak estimation.     

Dual-band bandpass filter using coupled resonator pairs

This letter proposes and fabricates a novel dual-band bandpass filter topology. The proposed topology facilitates the split resonating frequencies of coupled resonator pairs in realizing the dual-band response and introduces transmission zeros for improving the stopband attenuation. The semi-lumped prototype enables the integration of the filter in a multilayer circuit for miniaturized implementation. Finally, a design example fabricated with low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) technology is presented for validating the filter configuration.     

Time-domain measurement of negative group delay in negative-refractive-index transmission-line metamaterials

We have simulated and constructed a one-dimensional metamaterial composed of a periodically loaded transmission line that exhibits both negative and positive group velocities in a band of effective negative index of refraction. The negative group velocity or, equivalently, the negative group delay, is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally in the time domain using modulated Gaussian pulses. Due to this negative delay, we can show an output pulse peak emerging from the loaded transmission line prior to the input peak entering the line, i.e., the output pulse precedes the input pulse. The fact that this surprising behavior does not violate the requirements of relativistic causality is illustrated with time-domain simulations, which show that discontinuities in the pulse waveforms are traveling at exactly the speed of light in vacuum. The pulse-reshaping mechanism underlying this behavior is also illustrated using time-domain simulations.     

交叉耦合滤波器设计与传输零点的独立性分析

对具有陡峭带外特性的交叉耦合滤波器进行了分析,以四腔交叉和三腔交叉耦合形式作为单元电路,发现了相连时各节电路的带外传输零点各自独立,这一特点使得这种结构的滤波器容易调节,通过实例证明了该操作的可行性和正确性。采用发夹式微带线结构进行滤波器设计,同时运用全波电磁分析软件,对滤波器进行了仿真、优化并对其结果作了讨论分析。