基于模糊算法的汽车电池组系统降温控制

分析了锂离子电池的发热和传热机理,构建了动力电池组温度数学模型。选用的电池为A123-26650 LiFePO4电池,通过预处理过程建立了动力电池组中的任意一行中8个电池单体温度模型,并网格划分化;将预处理过程中建立数学模型导入到ANSYS软件。利用ANSYS对实际条件下电池发热进行仿真,并与Zuskausks实验相关方程进行比较,验证文中所建立的动力电池CFD模型可靠性。在恒定冷却液流速条件下,通过比较电池温度数学模型电池温度和CFD模型电池温度,验证了动力电池数学温度模型可作为控制器作用的仿真对象。设计自适应模糊PID控制器,通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真试验验证该控制器能够很好控制电池温度至期望值,具有一定实际应用价值。     

电动汽车锂离子电池组散热优化设计

针对电动汽车锂离子电池组散热不均匀会影响电池组使用性能、可靠性和安全性的问题,对电池组散热方案进行优化设计.描述锂离子电池的产热模型,建立锂离子电池组三维模型,介绍计算流体力学（Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD）计算涉及到的固体热传导和流体热传导控制方程;通过进风口角度的选择、进风口流速的选择、鼓风冷却和抽风冷却的对比以及锂离子电池局部倒角的选择确定几种散热方案,使用FLUENT进行数值仿真并得出各方案的总体流场特性、局部流速和温度分布情况.通过对各散热方案的对比和评估,发现当进风角度达到3°时,温度最高点和均匀性有明显改善;在一定的速度范围内,提高进风口流速可以很好地改善系统的散热效果,但是当进风口流速超过某一范围（30 m/s）时,散热效果递增不明显;对于相同的散热结构,鼓风冷却效果明显优于抽风冷却效果;通过电池组局部倒角等局部微小结构可以实现温度场优化.     

基于Modelica的电动汽车电池建模与仿真

为了实时仿真电动汽车电池组的动态性能,应用Modelica多领域建模语言建立描述电池组的PNGV等效电路模型.通过电池的动态充放电性能实验标定电池组模型的电阻、电容等参数,并利用Dymola多领域仿真软件进行性能参数求解.将该电池模型应用在电动汽车整车的仿真分析中,实验结果表明,该模型准确度高,能实时地仿真电动汽车的动力性能.该电池组建模方法实现简单且便于扩展,可以为电动汽车的产品设计、系统性能分析提供有效的解决办法.     

新能源汽车单体锂离子电池三维散热模型仿真

研究采用30个单体磷酸铁锂型电池组成锂离子电池组,经过电池参数选取、设定电池排列与网格划分的模拟环境后,建立单体锂离子电池三维热模型,通过锂离子电池导热微分方程和其物理参数计算完成锂离子电池散热特性相关参数计算,模拟测试新能源汽车锂动力电池散热特性.实验结果表明:锂离子电池最高温度与放电倍率成正比,当放电倍率为2.5C...     

可充电式混合动力汽车电池管理系统设计

电池是可充电式混合动力汽车的关键部分,因此对电池进行有效的监控与管理非常有必要.系统基于Linear Technology公司的LTC6803-2电池管理芯片和TI公司的DSP TMS320F2812,完成电池组的管理与监测.F2812芯片通过SPI接口对LTC6803-2芯片进行了通信与控制,并且通过CAN总线将采集到的电池电压、电流、温度等信息传送至整车控制器,并且实时监测保护电池组.系统通过在Matlab/Simulink中建立模型,并通过Embedded IDE Link生成代码对程序进行了设计,该系统的电池电压测试结果误差在0.01 V以内,满足精度要求.     

动力电池组散热性能分析

新能源电动汽车是未来的发展趋势,锂离子电池因其能量密度高、自放电率低、输出电压高等特点,被广泛作为电动汽车的动力电池。动力锂电池在大功率放电过程中产生较高的热量,易发生自燃、爆炸等事故。根据锂离子电池放电生热的特点建立模型,用计算机仿真的方法,对动力电池组进行建模分析。分析结果表明,随着工质流速的增大,电池组表面的温度逐渐降低,当电池组表面工质流速达到50 m/s后,温度降低幅度逐渐变小,趋向于某一固定值,且降温所需能耗与降温幅度之比大大增加,不再具有可行价值。     

基于无线通信和传感器的动力电池在线监测系统设计

组成动力电池组的单体电池不能保证各项性能完全一致,致使电池组安全运作留下隐患。为给动力电池组提供安全可靠的工作环境,实时掌握电池组工作状况,延长电池组使用寿命,设计一种基于无线通信和传感器的动力电池在线监测系统。系统利用传感器、STC12C5A62S2单片机、无线通信技术、MATLAB编辑软件进行电气量采集、数据控制处理、无线传输和显示界面设计,实现动态监测电池组的主要参数有单体电池电压和电流、电池组总电压和总电流、温度。经反复实验验证监测系统精度可高达0.2%且运行平稳可靠,可完成对动力电池组实时状态判读,出现异常状况作出在线维护指令。     

基于Vmin-EKF的动力锂电池组SOC估计

动力电池组的荷电状态(SOC)是电动汽车能量控制的重要参数.针对串联锂电池组的SOC估计问题,建立电池组的Vmin状态空间模型,电池组内单体电池负载电压的最小值Vmin和电池组的SOC分别作为模型的观测变量和状态变量.应用扩展卡尔曼滤波算法,实现对SOC的动态估计.对模拟电动汽车的实际工况进行电池组放电实验,结果表明,该方法能实时准确地估计电池组SOC.     

层流冷却过程混合智能参数辨识

热轧层流冷却过程带钢温度难以连续检测,其换热系数具有随工况频繁变化而变化、动态特性具有时变、强非线性等综合复杂特性.正确辨识热轧层流冷却过程带钢温度的离散动态模型中的换热系数是提高模型精度的关键.本文将案例推理技术和神经网络技术相结合,提出了混合智能参数辨识方法.采用某钢铁公司热轧层流冷却过程实际运行数据对所提出的方法进行实验研究.结果表明本文提出的混合智能参数辨识方法大大提高了层流冷却过程带钢温度预报精度.     

基于SOC的串联锂离子电池组均衡策略研究

由于一致性问题的存在,成组电池在可用容量、使用寿命等方面远不及单体电池,电池组的均衡管理对电池的成组使用者有着重要的实际意义.论文就针对锂离子串联电池组的均衡技术进行了研究,首先介绍了电池组一致性问题产生的原因,指出均衡管理的重要意义,分析了锂离子电池组SOC的一致性和基于SOC的均衡策略,详细阐述了基于SOC的均衡技术实现,最终搭建实验平台进行测试,验证了所使用的均衡策略和硬件电路的有效性.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。